Sodium nitrite is a chemical antidote that acts as a physiological antidote. It converts hemoglobin into methemoglobin to bind cyanide, thereby counteracting the toxic effects of cyanide poisoning. Sodium nitrite is a white to yellowish crystalline powder that is very soluble in water. It is used intravenously along with sodium thiosulfate to treat cyanide poisoning by reacting with cyanide to form cyanomethemoglobin, which is less toxic than cyanide. Sodium nitrite also inhibits the growth of clostridium botulinum when used with sodium chloride in cured meats.