Anther culture
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This document outlines the protocol for anther culture, which involves growing plant cells, tissues, or organs from anthers in a sterile nutrient medium. The key steps are: 1) selecting young anthers, 2) surface sterilizing the anthers, 3) placing the anthers horizontally on nutrient medium, 4) culturing the anthers under alternating light and dark periods, 5) allowing pollen callus or plants to develop from the anthers over 3-8 weeks, and 6) transferring developed plantlets to soil for acclimatization.
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Anther culture is a technique where anthers are excised from flower buds and cultured to produce haploid plants. The first report of haploid tissue from anther culture was in 1964-1966 in Datura pollen grains. Over 250 species have been produced through anther culture, most commonly in families like Solanaceae, Cruciferae, and Poaceae. Haploid plants are useful for identifying recessive traits, eliminating lethal genes, and producing homozygous diploid plants more quickly. There are several pathways that microspores can follow during anther culture, such as symmetric or asymmetric division, to produce haploid plants. Successful anther culture requires optimizing various factors like donor plant genotype, anther
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Anther culture is a technique where anthers are excised from flower buds and cultured to produce haploid plants. The first report of haploid tissue from anther culture was in 1964-1966 in Datura pollen grains. Over 250 species have been produced through anther culture, most commonly in families like Solanaceae, Cruciferae, and Poaceae. Anthers go through various pathways during culture, such as equal division to form two daughter cells or formation of vegetative and generative cells. Anther culture is useful for eliminating lethal genes and shortening breeding time to produce superior hybrids.
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Anther culture
Anther culture is an in vitro technique used to produce haploid plants from male gamete cells. Haploid cells contain only one set of chromosomes. The first report of anther culture was in the 1970s, while the first natural occurrence of haploids was observed in 1922 in Datura plants. Anthers containing microspores are cultured on nutrient media supplemented with hormones and sugars. Depending on the species, haploid plants or callus can regenerate from the cultured anthers within 3-8 weeks. Haploid plants are useful for breeding programs as they can be doubled to generate fertile, homozygous plants in one generation.
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Anther culture
Anther culture is a technique where anthers are excised from flower buds and cultured to produce haploid plants. The first report of haploid tissue from anther culture was in 1964-1966 in Datura pollen grains. Over 250 species have been produced through anther culture, most commonly in families like Solanaceae, Cruciferae, and Poaceae. Haploid plants are useful for identifying recessive traits, eliminating lethal genes, and producing homozygous diploid plants more quickly. There are several pathways that microspores can follow during anther culture, such as symmetric or asymmetric division, to produce haploid plants. Successful anther culture requires optimizing various factors like donor plant genotype, anther
Anther culture
Anther culture is a technique where anthers are excised from flower buds and cultured to produce haploid plants. The first report of haploid tissue from anther culture was in 1964-1966 in Datura pollen grains. Over 250 species have been produced through anther culture, most commonly in families like Solanaceae, Cruciferae, and Poaceae. Anthers go through various pathways during culture, such as equal division to form two daughter cells or formation of vegetative and generative cells. Anther culture is useful for eliminating lethal genes and shortening breeding time to produce superior hybrids.
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Anther culture
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1. Plant tissue culture has several advantages such as producing new plants quickly from a small amount of tissue, generating disease-free plants, and allowing year-round production regardless of season.
2. There are many types of plant tissue culture including callus culture, organ culture, single cell culture, suspension culture, and embryo culture which allow for differentiation, growth of organs, and regeneration of plants.
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1. Plant tissue culture has several advantages such as producing new plants quickly from a small amount of tissue, generating disease-free plants, and allowing year-round production regardless of season.
2. There are many types of plant tissue culture including callus culture, organ culture, single cell culture, suspension culture, and embryo culture which allow for differentiation, growth of organs, and regeneration of plants.
3. Techniques like embryo culture, meristem culture, and anther culture can be used for shortening breeding cycles, mass cloning of plants, and producing haploids. Callus culture, protoplast culture, and somatic embryogenesis are widely applied for cloning, genetic transformation, and mass multiplication.
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Plant tissue culture involves growing plant cells, tissues, or organs in sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium. It allows for rapid multiplication of plant materials and production of genetically identical clones. Various types of explants can be used, including shoot tips, roots, leaves, and embryos. The explants are first sterilized and induced to form callus tissue on auxin-supplemented medium. Shoots and roots can be regenerated from callus using different hormone combinations. Somatic embryos can also be produced through tissue culture.
Anther and-pollen-culture
This document discusses the history and techniques of anther and pollen culture. It notes that anther and pollen culture were first developed in the 1950s and 1960s and can be used to produce haploid plants. The document outlines the procedures for anther and pollen culture, highlighting steps like collecting unopened flower buds, isolating microspores, and culturing on nutrient media. It also discusses factors that influence culture success like genotype, temperature, and physiological status of donor plants. The advantages of pollen culture over anther culture and various applications of anther and pollen culture are summarized.
Plant tissue culture pharmacongosy-1 Semester 4
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Plant tissue culture
Plant tissue culture involves cultivating plant cells, tissues, or organs in an artificial nutrient medium under sterile conditions. It relies on the totipotency and plasticity of plant cells. Explant material is surface sterilized and transferred to nutrient medium containing sugars, salts, vitamins, and plant growth regulators. Under the right conditions, callus tissue will form and develop into shoots and roots, allowing for the regeneration of whole plants through micropropagation. Plant tissue culture has many advantages, including the ability to rapidly produce large numbers of genetically identical plants, recover healthy plants from diseased stock, and develop new varieties through genetic engineering techniques.
tissue culture
This document discusses plant tissue culture techniques. It defines plant tissue culture as the maintenance or growth of plant cells, tissues, or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient medium. The key steps are explained as preparation of a sterile medium, selection and sterilization of an explant, inoculation, incubation, and regeneration. Different types of culture are described, including callus culture and the use of tissue culture in micropropagation, genetic modification, and production of secondary metabolites. Growth regulators like auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins are also discussed.
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Micropropagation is a method of rapidly multiplying plant materials through tissue culture techniques. It involves four main stages: selection and sterilization of explant material, multiplication of propagules in culture, regeneration of plantlets, and acclimatization of plantlets to soil conditions. The method allows for large-scale production of disease-free plants in a controlled environment and offers advantages such as year-round production and transport of materials across borders. However, it also has limitations such as high costs, need for specialized facilities and skilled personnel, and lack of confirmed genetic stability in some methods.
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training and pruning in fruit crops
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This document describes the process of nucellus culture for producing disease-free plantlets of citrus species. It involves excising nucellar tissue from unfertilized ovules and culturing it on media containing supplements like malt extract and adenine to induce embryoid formation. The embryoids are then excised and cultured on media containing gibberellic acid to develop into plantlets. Nucellus culture is useful for eliminating viral diseases from citrus and producing polyembryonic seedlings. However, it is a difficult technique requiring precise excision and culturing steps.
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Anther culture
- 1. 1. Media preparation 2. Explant selection 3. Establishment of explant in media 4. Callus development 5. Plantlet development 6. Hardening or acclimatization 7. Open field planting Lecture 11: Anther culture Course Code : HRT 552 Course Title : BIOTECHNOLOGY OF HORTICULTURAL CROPs
- 2. Introduction to Tissue Culture ⚫Tissue Culture (also known as Micropropagation or In vitro culture) is: ⚫The growing of plant cells, tissues, organs, seeds or other plant parts in a sterile environment on a nutrient medium.
- 3. 2) Explant:- Totipotent somatic cell are used. Immature inflorescence and Scutellar tissue of immature seeds are used for the research. Ex:- Triticum aestivum . Epidermis, Procambial tissue are also produced somatic embryo.
- 13. The protocol 1. Experimental plants for anther or pollen culture should be grown under controlled conditions of temperature, light, humidity and nutrients. 2. Anthers should be taken from younger plants. 3. Draw a routine correlation between stage of pollen development and certain visible morphological features of bud such as the length of corolla tube, emergence of corolla from the calyx etc. 4. These external markers can be used for selecting buds of approximately required stage. 5. However the correlation is never absolute and therefore it is always necessary to crush one of the anthers from each bud (in acetocarmine) to access the exact stage of pollen development.
- 14. 6. The selected buds are surface sterilized with suitable disinfectant. 7. Anthers are excised under aspectic conditions and placed horizontally on medium in sterilized. petriplate 8. The most popular medium for anther culture is N6 medium. 9. It is important to take adequate care to avoid injury to the anthers during the entire operation and injured anthers may be discarded because wounding often stimulates callusing of anther wall tissue. 10. The anthers are cultured generally maintained in alternating periods of light (12-18hr, 5000-10000 lux m2) at 280C and darkness 12-6 hrs at 220C. However the optimum culture conditions vary from species to species.
- 15. 11. In responsive anthers, the wall tissues gradually turn brown and depending on species after 3-8 weeks, they burst open to the pressure exerted by the growing pollen callus (or) pollen plants. 12. After they have attained a height of about 3-5 cm the individual plantlets (or) shoots from callus are separated and transferred to medium which would support good development of root system. 13. The rooted plants are transferred to sterilized potting mix in small pots (or) seed trays followed by acclimatization.
- 31. THANKS