This document outlines the steps involved in plant tissue culture, which are: 1) media preparation, 2) explant selection, 3) establishment of explant in media, 4) callus development, 5) plantlet development, 6) hardening or acclimatization, and 7) open field planting. It then defines euploidy and aneuploidy, explaining that euploidy involves the entire set of chromosomes and can result in single, double, or multiple sets, while aneuploidy is having one or a few extra or missing chromosomes.

1. 1. Media preparation
2. Explant selection
3. Establishment of explant in media
4. Callus development
5. Plantlet development
6. Hardening or acclimatization
7. Open field planting
Lecture 14: Polyploidy breeding and its application
Course Code : HRT 552
Course Title : BIOTECHNOLOGY OF HORTICULTURAL CROPs

9. Euploidy is a chromosomal variation that involves the entire set of
chromosomes in a cell or an organism.
Euploidy is more tolerated in plants than in animals.
There may be a single set (monoploidy), two sets (diploidy), or multiple
sets (polyploidy, i.e. triploid, tetraploid, pentaploid, hexaploid, etc.)
Aneuploidy: A condition in which a person has one or a few chromosomes
above or below the normal chromosome number.
• It might be having an extra chromosome or a missing chromosome
• 2n+1; 2n+2 or 2n-1; 2n-2

49. THANKS 