Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the industrial, scientific and medical radio bands. It allows for connection between devices like computers, phones, keyboards, printers, headsets within a range of about 10 meters. Bluetooth operates using a frequency-hopping spread spectrum in the 2.4 GHz band to avoid interference and jamming. Up to eight devices can be connected in a piconet, with one device acting as the master and up to seven acting as slaves. Multiple piconets can be further connected to form a scatternet, allowing for many more than eight devices to be connected together. Bluetooth is commonly used for hands-free calling, file

1. By: Raginee Ranjan Sinha Roll: 06ESBEC071 BLUETOOTH

2. Definition Bluetooth is a method for data communication that uses short-range radio links to replace cables between computers and their connected units.

3. TABLE:SPECIFICATION OF BLUETOOTH PARAMETER RADIO SPECIFICATION Topology Connect up to 8 nodes in logical star(Pico net) Frequency Band 2.4-2.4835 GHz, ISM Band Channel Bandwidth 1 MHz Numbers of Channels 79 Peak Data Rate 1 Mbps Modulation Technique GFSK Transmit Power 0.1 Watt Frequency Hop Rate 1600 hops/sec Pico net Access FH-TDD Scatter net Access FH-CDMA

4. ORIGINATION OF “BLUETOOTH” In 10 th century Harald Bluetooth the king of Denmark united Norway and Denmark into a single kingdom. Apparently he got that name from his penchant for blueberries.

5. HISTORY OF BLUETOOTH In 1994, Ericsson Mobile Communication Ltd. Started project named “Bluetooth”. In 1998, Bluetooth SIG was formed and it officially adopts the project name “Bluetooth” as the name of technology. Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum Technology was used for data transformation .

6. In 1999, Bluetooth 1.0 & Bluetooth 1.0B Specification was released In 2000, Bluetooth headset and phone adaptor from Ericsson; the first consumer product. In 2003, Bluetooth 1.2 was released. Improved resistance to radio frequency interference. Ratified as IEEE 802.15.1-2005

7. In 2004, Bluetooth 2.0 with enhanced data rate (EDR) is released. In Jun 2007, Nokia and Bluetooth SIG announced that Wibree will be a part of Bluetooth Specification as an ultra low power Bluetooth technology.

8. In July 2007, Bluetooth 2.1 Core Specification is released. Extended Inquiry Response. Sniff Sub-rating. Secure Simple Pairing. Near field Communication (NFC) Cooperation .

9. Comparison with other wireless technologies 802.11 Has higher bit rate compared to Bluetooth . But has higher power consumption. Basic a LAN technology so not a direct competitor for Bluetooth IrDA (Infrared Data Association) Low cost but require Line of sight. Only point to point Home RF Competing technology. But current Bluetooth is better positioned in market

10. NEED FOR BLUETOOTH A Cable Replacement Technology It’s wireless. It’s inexpensive. You don’t have to think about it.

12. Connection via bluetooth

13. APPLICATION EXAMPLES: A Bluetooth–mouse A Bluetooth-keyboard Cable-less connection to printers Use e-mail while your portable PC is still in the briefcase!

14. BLUETOOTH DEFINITIONS Single-slave Multi-slave (up to 7 “slaves”on one master) Scatternet

15. PICONETS A set of BLUETOOTH devices sharing a common channel is called a PICONET

16. SCATTERNETS Scatternets are two or more independent and non-synchronized piconets that communicate with each other by making bridge nodes .

17. ARCHITECTURE STRUCTURE

18. COMPONENTS OF ARCHITECTURE Radio Front End (RF) Defines characteristics of RF, frequency bands, channel arrangements & receiver sensitivity level. Logical Link Control & Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) For transporting bigger data products to higher layer. Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) T o query and discover services supported by peer Bluetooth devices.

19. Link Manager Protocol (LMP) PICONET, master slave role assignments and link configuration. Security configuration by device authentication using secret key. RFCOMM Provides transport capabilities for high level services.

20. CREATION OF A SCATTERNET A Master or Slave can become Slave in another piconet by being paged by the Master in this other piconet.

21. NETWORK FORMATION AND CONTROL

22. ADVANTAGES OF BLUETOOTH Bluetooth is used widely across countries and almost by everyone. It has simple features. It is free of charge and not added to our budget. It allow us to stay cord free. It has the ability to keep our information private. Bluetooth isn't requires a line of sight.

23. Advantages (contd.) It provides ranges of up to 100 meters. Bluetooth is also low power and low processing with an overhead protocol. To put it short, the applications with Bluetooth are virtually endless.

24. DISADVANTAGES OF BLUETOOTH More battery power when Bluetooth is enable on the phone all day. Throughout all device, when using Bluetooth internet, the connection sometimes may run very slow so Bluetooth internet is not highly suggested for all cases. The only real downside s are the data rate and security. Infrared can have data rates of up to 4 M Bps, which provides very fast rates for data transfer, while Bluetooth only offers 1 M Bps

25. CONCLUSION Bluetooth is a short range radio link wireless technology used to connect various device by a invisible link getting rid of wires. Last but not the least, WHENEVER THINK OF WIRELESS,”THINK BLUETOOTH”, this is the best way of communication.

26. BIBLIOGRAPHY WIKIPEDIA www.bluetooth.com E-book on Wireless Lan Techniques-RF, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth. E-book on Introduction of Bluetooth. Wireless Technology By-INTEL. E-book on Bluetooth Security.