Animal behavior is defined as anything an animal does in response to stimuli in its environment. There are two main types of behaviors: innate behaviors that are inherited, and learned behaviors that develop through experience. Animals behave in certain ways to find food and water, interact socially, avoid predators, and reproduce. Studying animal behavior provides insights into genetics, human behavior, and solutions for stressful human situations.

1. ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
Discussant: Jennilee T. Abrenica

2. Animal Behavior

3. Objectives:
 Define animal behavior
 Identify reasons why and how
animals behave in certain ways
 Identify and explain the types of
animal behavior
 Identify and relate with real life
applications and/or important values
and activities

4. Animal Behavior
 Behavior: anything an animal does
and how it does it in response to a
stimulus in its environment

5. Animals behave in certain ways for
four basic reasons:
>to find food and water
>to interact in social groups
>to avoid predators
>to reproduce

6. Ethology
The scientific study of how animals behave,
particularly in their natural environment

8. Karl von Frisch
 In 1920, he pointed out that when bees
find nectar in a flower, they fly in a special
pattern and perform a kind of dance that
shows other bees in the vicinity where to
find the nectar.
 https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/la
ureates/1973/frisch-facts.html

9. Nikolaas Tinbergen
 One of his discoveries at the end of the
1930s was that birds preferred to brood
eggs with exaggerated markings in the
form of size, spots and color.
 https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/la
ureates/1973/tinbergen-facts.html

10. Konrad Lorenz
 revealed in the 1930s that birds hatched
in an incubator without the presence of
their parents follow whatever they first
catch sight of. For example, they can
become fixated on a person.
 https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureate
s/1973/lorenz-facts.html

13. Innate Behavior
 Inherited behavior
 Examples
 Reflex- simplest innate behavior
with no conscience control
suckling
 Instinct- complex pattern of
innate behaviors
Web building or nest building

14. Instinctive Behaviors
Sarus Crane planet earth birds of paradise
 Courtship- behaviors males and
females carry out before mating
Discourages interbreeding between
wrong species
Sounds, visual displays, dances,
chemical signals
birds of paradise

15. Territoriality
bashing-bison.
- defense of a
physical space,
territory
Songs, calls,
intimidation,
marking
territory,
attack,
chase

16. Imprinting
Partially instinct
Attachment to an object during
a certain time in an animals life
Duck loves Dog

18. Cycles of Instinctive Behaviors
 Circadian rhythm – 24 hour cycle of
behavior
diurnal leaf movement
Sleep patterns

19. Cycles of Instinctive Behaviors
 Migration- seasonal or periodic
movement -wildebeest-migration
Monarchs

20. Cycles of Instinctive Behaviors
 Hibernation- state of reduced
metabolism as animals sleep
through cold winter

21. Cycles of Instinctive Behaviors
 Estivation- state of reduced
metabolism as animals sleep
through hot summer

22. Learned Behavior
 Learned Behavior-behavior
that changes through
practice or experience
 Habituation
 Animal is given
stimulus without
punishment or reward
 Leads to lack of
response
 Gets “used to”
 Examples: people
sleeping through train
 habituation and the
rat

24. Learned Behavior
Associative learning
• Is the process by which animals take one
stimulus and associate it with another.
• Learned behavior
• Examples:
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning

25. Learned Behavior
Conditioning
Learning in which an animal
connects a stimulus with a
certain behavior
Learning by association
Pavlov’s dogs
conditioning and pavlov

28. Learned Behavior
Trial and Error
Learning where
animal is
rewarded for a
particular
response

29. Pavlov’s dogs

30. Learned Behavior
Insight
 Animal uses its
experience to
respond to
something new
 Problem solving
It requires reasoning ability
– the skill to look at a
problem and come up with
an appropriate solution.
the box and the

32. Communication
 Exchange of information that
results in a change in behavior
 Sounds, body movements, facial
expressions, chemicals bees-navigation

33. Summary
Animal behavior is anything an
animal does and how it does it in
response to a stimulus in its
environment. Animals behave in
certain ways to: 1) find food and
water 2) interact in social groups
3) avoid predators and 4) reproduce.


34. Summary
Ethology is the scientific study of how
animals behave, particularly in their
natural environment. There are two
types of behavior: innate & learned
behaviors. Innate behaviors are
automatic & developmentally fixed
while learned behaviors are modified
by experiences and are variable.

35. Summary & Application
While humans have their own sets of
behaviors, animals also do. When
people are disturbed, they behave
and react indifferently. This is the
same with animals. The lesson is,
there should always be a careful way
to treat animals for them to behave
properly.

36. Summary & Application
“It is very important to me that all animals are
treated well.
I believe that the way we treat others (humans
and non-humans) is a reflection of who we are
as an individual, and collectively, as a society.
Abuse or cruelty, in any form, is not acceptable
in a civilized society, and those who display
those tendencies should never be tolerated. To
tolerate cruelty is the same as condoning,
permitting and authorizing the cruelty.” Eija
Vogel, https://www.quora.com/Is-it-important-
to-you-that-animals-are-treated-well

37. Summary & Application
Animal behavior research is particularly relevant to the
study of human behavior when it comes to preservation
of a species, or how an animal’s behavior helps it
survive. For example, the behavior of animals in stressful
or aggressive situations can be studied to help find
solutions for humans in similar circumstances. Animal
behavior research also contributes to the study
of genetics by helping to resolve questions of nature vs.
nurture, or which behaviors genes control and which
behaviors the environment controls. Ref:
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/animal-
behavior

38. Summary & Application
Animal-assisted therapy, where dogs, horses and other
domestic animals help facilitate therapy, can be helpful
for those who are socially isolated, coping with a
diagnosis on the autism spectrum, or suffering from
a mood disorder or post-traumatic stress. Interacting
with animals has been found to increase human levels
of oxytocin, a hormone that enhances social bonding.
Animal behaviorists are also interested in the ways
animals themselves can benefit from their relationships
with humans. Ref:
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/animal-
behavior

39. References
The World of Animals. DL. 04282018 0600hrs.
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/animal-behavior
Animal Behavior & Learning. DL. 04282018 0600hrs.
https://seaworld.org/animal-info/animal-infobooks/animal-
training/animal-behavior-and-learning/
Animal Behavior. DL. 04282018 0600hrs.
https://staffweb.psdschools.org/shunter/.../Animal%20Behavior/Ani
mal%20Behavior
All pictures and some slides were downloaded from different
websites.

40. Pre-Test & Post-Test
1. Anything an animal does and how it does it in response to a
stimulus in its environment is called _________.
a. Reflex b. Behavior c. Stimulus d. Action
2. The following are all learned behaviors EXCEPT:
a. Fixed Action Pattern c. Habituation
b. Observational learning d. Insight learning
3. It is the scientific study of how animals behave, particularly in
their natural environment.
a. Ecology b. Biology c. Ethology d. Ethnology
4. He revealed in the 1930s that birds hatched in an incubator
without the presence of their parents follow whatever they first
catch sight of.
a. Konrad Lorenz c. Nikolas Tinbergen
b. Karl Von Frisch d. W.A. Searcy
5. A type of behaviour which leads to lack of response or just getting
used to the environment.
a. Imprinting b. conditioning c. habituation d. cycling

41. Pre-Test & Post-Test
6. Animals behave in certain ways because of the following
reasons EXCEPT:
a. to find food and water c. to interact in social groups
b. to be seen by predators d. to reproduce
7. The seasonal or periodic movement of animals.
a. Imprinting b. transfer c. Habituation d. migration
8. It is the simplest innate behavior with no conscience control
a. Reflex b. Behavior c. Stimulus d. Action
9. He revealed in the 1920’s that when bees find nectar in a flower,
they fly in a special pattern and perform a kind of dance that shows
other bees in the vicinity where to find the nectar
a. Konrad Lorenz c. Nikolas Tinbergen
b. Karl Von Frisch d. W.A. Searcy
10. A 24 hour cycle of behavior.
a. Myth rhythm c. Circadian rhythm
b. conditioning rhythm d. cyclical rhythm

42. Pre-Test & Post-Test
11. State of reduced metabolism as animals sleep through cold
winter
a. Imprinting b. Hibernation c. Estivation d. migration
12. Behaviors males and females carry out before mating
a. Imprinting b. transfer c. Habituation d. courtship
13. Exchange of information that results in a change in behavior.
a. Reflex b. Communication c. Stimulus d. Action
14. One of his discoveries at the end of the 1930s was that birds
preferred to brood eggs with exaggerated markings in the form of
size, spots and color.
a. Konrad Lorenz c. Nikolas Tinbergen
b. Karl Von Frisch d. W.A. Searcy
15. Animal uses its experience to respond to something new;
problem solving.
a. Fixed Action Pattern c. Habituation
b. Observational learning d. Insight learning

43. Pre-Test & Post-Test
16. State of reduced metabolism as animals sleep through hot
summer
a. Imprinting b. Hibernation c. Estivation d. migration
17. Defense of a physical space, territory.
a. Imprinting b. Territoriality c. Habituation d. courtship
18. An example of this was when Konrad Lorenz became “mother’ to
graylag goslings.
a. Imprinting b. Territoriality c. Habituation d. courtship
19. People sleeping through train and getting used to it is an
example of:
a. Imprinting b. Territoriality c. Habituation d. courtship
20. Is the ability of an organism to learn how to do something by
watching another individual first .
a. Fixed Action Pattern c. Habituation
b. Observational learning d. Insight learning

44. Pre-Test & Post-Test - Answers
1. B 11. B
2. A 12. D
3. C 13. B
4. A 14. C
5. C 15. D
6. C 16. C
7. D 17. B
8. A 18. A
9. B 19. C
10. C 20. B