Kin selection theory explains the evolution of altruism. While altruism seems to go against individual survival and fitness, kin selection demonstrates that altruistic behavior can persist if the altruistic individual helps genetically similar relatives to survive and pass on shared genes. Key examples discussed are sterile worker ants helping their queen sister reproduce since they share three-quarters of their genes, and ground squirrels whose alarm calls risk individual safety but benefit genetically related neighbors. The theory was developed by W.D. Hamilton and others to explain how natural selection can favor altruism between kin.