ANATOMY OF UTERUS
ANATOMY OF OVARY
ANATOMY OF FALLOPIAN TUBES
ANATOMY OF UTERUS &ITS APPENDAGES
ANATOMY OF CERVIX
ANATOMY OF UTERUS PPT
BLOOD SUPPLY, NERVE SUPPLY, LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
HISTOLOGY
ovaries, fallopian tube, component of internal genitalia, location of ovarie, boundaries of ovaries,external features of ovaries,ligaments of ovaries, support of ovaries, broad ligament, mesovarium, mesosalpinx, mesometrium, round ligament of uterus, blood supply and lymphatics of ovaries, prts of fallopian tube, blood supply of fallopian tube, ectopic pregnancy, polycystic ovaries,
HUMAN ANATOMY
regional anatomy
regional anatomy of pelvic
changsha medical university lecture
csmu lecture by an chen
uploaded by Prabesh raj jamkatel
pelvics
USMLE REPRODUCTIVE 04 Female Reproductive System UTERUS VAGINA .pdfAHMED ASHOUR
The surgical importance of the female reproductive system encompasses a wide range of procedures aimed at addressing various conditions related to reproductive health, gynecological disorders, fertility issues, and the management of reproductive cancers. Understanding the surgical importance of the female reproductive system is essential for gynecologists, reproductive endocrinologists, and pelvic surgeons.
ovaries, fallopian tube, component of internal genitalia, location of ovarie, boundaries of ovaries,external features of ovaries,ligaments of ovaries, support of ovaries, broad ligament, mesovarium, mesosalpinx, mesometrium, round ligament of uterus, blood supply and lymphatics of ovaries, prts of fallopian tube, blood supply of fallopian tube, ectopic pregnancy, polycystic ovaries,
HUMAN ANATOMY
regional anatomy
regional anatomy of pelvic
changsha medical university lecture
csmu lecture by an chen
uploaded by Prabesh raj jamkatel
pelvics
USMLE REPRODUCTIVE 04 Female Reproductive System UTERUS VAGINA .pdfAHMED ASHOUR
The surgical importance of the female reproductive system encompasses a wide range of procedures aimed at addressing various conditions related to reproductive health, gynecological disorders, fertility issues, and the management of reproductive cancers. Understanding the surgical importance of the female reproductive system is essential for gynecologists, reproductive endocrinologists, and pelvic surgeons.
USMLE GENERAL EMBRYOLOGY 003 Female Reproductive System anatomy .pdfAHMED ASHOUR
The female reproductive system is a complex and highly coordinated network of organs that work together to produce eggs (ova), facilitate fertilization, nurture a developing fetus during pregnancy, and support the birth of offspring.
The female reproductive system undergoes cyclic changes during the menstrual cycle, involving the release of an egg, preparation of the uterus for potential pregnancy, and menstruation if pregnancy does not occur.
**Ethical Considerations in Anatomy Practice:**
1. **Respect for Donors:**
- **Ethical Aspect:** Acknowledging the humanity of donors and their altruistic contribution.
- **Implications:** Fostering a culture of gratitude and reverence among practitioners and students toward those who donated their bodies for educational purposes.
2. **Cadaver Treatment:**
- **Ethical Aspect:** Ensuring humane and respectful treatment of cadavers during dissection and study.
- **Implications:** Establishing guidelines for proper handling, avoiding disrespectful behavior, and emphasizing the educational purpose without compromising dignity.
3. **Communication and Consent:**
- **Ethical Aspect:** Maintaining clear communication about the use of cadavers and obtaining explicit consent.
- **Implications:** Creating an environment that promotes openness and transparency, ensuring that donors and their families fully understand the educational and research aspects of body donation.
4. **Sensitive Content Handling:**
- **Ethical Aspect:** Approaching sensitive anatomical content with empathy and cultural sensitivity.
- **Implications:** Recognizing diverse perspectives on death and the human body, ensuring educational materials and practices are respectful of different cultural and religious beliefs.
5. **Educational Integrity:**
- **Ethical Aspect:** Ensuring that anatomical education is conducted with professionalism and academic integrity.
- **Implications:** Discouraging any behavior that goes beyond the scope of educational necessity, emphasizing the ethical responsibility of practitioners to uphold the integrity of their profession.
**Legal Considerations in Anatomy Practice:**
1. **Consent Laws:**
- **Legal Aspect:** Adhering to laws governing the consent process for body donation.
- **Implications:** Ensuring that consent procedures comply with legal requirements to avoid potential legal issues and protect the rights of donors.
2. **Occupational Health and Safety:**
- **Legal Aspect:** Complying with regulations to ensure the health and safety of those working with cadavers.
- **Implications:** Implementing measures such as proper storage, use of personal protective equipment, and disposal protocols to prevent occupational hazards and adhere to legal standards.
3. **Facility Accreditation:**
- **Legal Aspect:** Meeting accreditation standards set by relevant authorities for anatomy facilities.
- **Implications:** Ensuring that facilities adhere to legal requirements regarding infrastructure, sanitation, and overall conditions to maintain accreditation.
4. **Record-Keeping and Documentation:**
- **Legal Aspect:** Maintaining accurate records of donor information, consent, and cadaver use.
- **Implications:** Legal documentation helps in tracking the legal status of body donations, ensuring compliance with laws, and facilitating transparency in case of audits or legal inquirie
The reproductive organs in female are those which are concerned with copulation, fertilization, growth anddevelopment of the fetus and its subsequent exit to the outer world. the organs are broadly divided into:• External genitalia • Internal genitalia
There will be scientific program,pre and post congress workshops covering vast topics like Repeated IVF failures,Endometriosis,Stimulation Protocols-Review & new strategies,Oocyte,Hands on Laparascopic suturing and Operative
hysteroscopy,Advanced Reproductive techniques,Rise & fall of Metformin,Fitness for Fertility,Letrozole in infertility and
ART,Recent Advances in ART,Ovarian Pathology,Monitoring Ovarian Function,Antagonist,Oocyte Cryo banking,Unexplained Infertility,Ovulation Induction,Embryology,Cyro Preservation& Vitrification,Oocyte Retrieval,IVF
lite,Ovarian Imaging,Ovarian Tumor,Egg donation,Oocyte Donation,GnRH antagonist in IUI,Repeated IVF failures
Incharge,Endometriosis,Reproductive Endocrinology,Oocyte Incharge,Reproductive Surgery,Androlgy for the gynecologist and more.
The meeting is been jointly organized by ISAR - Indian Society of Assisted Reproduction & MOGS - Mumbai Obstetric & Gynecological Society.
It will be an exciting & wide ranging programme designed to engage all delegates on topics of vital importance related to the ovary.The event will be the perfect occasion for the international experts to share their leading edge knowledge on innovation and technology balanced by critically important insight into their practical application.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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Anatomy of uterus and appendages
1. Anatomy of Uterus &
its Appendages
DR. SRAVANI KOMMURU,1ST YR PG
DEPT OFOBSTETRICS &GYNAECOLOGY
NRIIMS
2. UTERUS:
thick-walled, muscular organ with narrow lumen.
present in the pelvis between the urinary bladder and
the rectum.
Superiorly, on each side-- uterine tube
inferiorly --vagina.Shape and Size :
pear-shaped, being flattened
anteroposteriorly
Measurements:
Length: 3 inches (7.5 cm).
Breadth (at fundus): 2 inches (5 cm).
Thickness: 1 inch (2.5 cm).
3. PARTSOFTHEUTERUS:
DIvided into two main parts:
(a) large upper pear-shaped part—thebody.
(b) small lower cylindrical part—the cervix.
The body forms upper 2/3rd and cervix
forms the lower 1/3rd .
Junction between body and cervix is a
circular constriction called isthmus (0.5cm).
The point of fusion between the uterine tube
and body is called cornu of the uterus.
4. BODY
Above the openings of the uterinetubes,dome-like end is
called fundus.
smooth muscle tissue of body is 2.5cm thick
Outer –longitudinal fibres,
middle- crisscross-which contain openings of
blood vessels- living ligature.
inner –circular muscle fibres.
ISTHMUS:
• Forms LUS(LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT), at
24weeks & completes at labour.
• At term[ 70% isthmus &30%cervix] forms LUS
measures 5cm
• In labour, LUS measures 10cm
5. Anterior surface: flat , directed downward& forward.
Covered by the peritoneum up to isthmus,
reflects on the upper surface of urinary
bladder as uterovesicalpouch.
Anterior relations:
Body -uterovesical pouch & superior surface
of urinary bladder.
Supravaginal portion of cervix - posterior
surface of urinary bladder –loose areolar
tissue.
vaginal portion of cervix -anterior fornix of
the vagina.
6. Posterior surface:
• covered by the peritoneum -to posterior fornix.
• reflects- anterior aspect of rectum forming
rectouterine pouch (or pouch of Douglas).
Posterior relations:
• Body - rectouterine pouch with coils of ileum
and sigmoid colon.
• Supravaginal portion of cervix -rectouterine
pouch with coils of ileum and sigmoid colon.
• Vaginal portion of cervix - posterior fornix.
7. Right and left lateral border:
rounded and related to the uterine artery
provides attachment to the broad ligament of uterus.
round ligament is attached anteroinferior to the tube
ligament of the ovary is attached posteroinferior to the
tube.
Mackendrot ligament- from internal os down to
supravaginal cervix to lateral vaginal wall.
Laterally
Body of uterus - broad ligament , uterine artery & vein.
Supravaginal portion of cervix - ureter & uterine artery.
Vaginal portion of cervix - lateral fornices of the vagina.
8. BROAD LIGAMENTS:
Double layer peritoneum,
Side of uterus to lateral wall of pelvis.
2 layers:
posterior layer:
forms mesovarium
pierced by lateral end of fallopian tube
anterior layer: free
CONTENTS OF BROAD LIGAMENT:
• Fallopian tubes
• Ovarian vessels
• Uterine vessels
• Round ligament &ovarian ligament
• Epoophoron & paroophoron
• Ovary attatched to posterior layer
9. Cervix
Cylindrical, measures 2.5cm
cervix is divided into
two parts:
(a) upper supravaginal part.
(b) lower vaginal part.
• Cervical wall made of outer stroma- connective tissue containing collagen; only 10-15% smooth
muscle
• Secretions- alkaline,thick ,scanty- rich in mucoprotein, fructose,NaCl.
10. Cavity Of The Uterus
small in comparison to its size due to thick
muscular wall.
Base above ,apex below:
Cavity of the Body (Uterine Cavity Proper):
It is a triangular in coronalsection.
The implantation commonly occurs in the
upper part of its posterior wall.
It is slit in sagittal section, because the uterus
is compressed anteroposteriorly and
its both walls are almostin contact.
11. Cavity of the Cervix (Cervical
Canal):
It is a spindle-shaped canal, broader in
middle, narrow at the ends.
nulliparous women-external os is small
and circular.
multiparous women - external os is
large &transverse, and presents
anterior and posterior lips.
• ANATOMICAL INTERNAL OS:
• HISTOLOGICAL INTERNAL OS: slight change in epithelium, lies below
anatomical internal os ,distance from isthmus 0.5cm
12. Ligaments
The ligaments of the uterus are classified into two types: false and true.
The false ligaments are peritoneal folds whereas the true ligaments arefibromuscular
bands.
The false ligaments do not provide support to the uterus while true ligamentsprovide
support to the uterus.
13. Supports Of The Uterus:
UPPER:
1.ROUND LIGAMENT – Fibrous chord (12cm)
from uterine end ->internal inguinal ring -
>inguinal canal ->external inguinal ring->labia
majora
• Hooks around Inferior epigastric artery
• Peritoneum-processus vaginalis-canal of
nuck
2.BROAD LIGAMENT
MIDDLE:
1.TRANSVERSE CERVICAL LIGAMENT-
supravaginal cervix &vaginal vault ->parietal
fascia on pelvic wall
2.PUBOCERVICAL-cervix&vagina->pubic
17. Normal Position And Axes Of The Uterus
Normally the uterus lies in position of
anteversion and anteflexion.
Anteversion: The long axis of the cervix is bent
on long axis ofvagina at an angle of 90°.
Anteflexion: The long axis of the body of uterus is
bent at the level of isthmus (internal os) on
long axis of cervix forming an angle of 170°.
18. • Fundus pointing towards bladder(anteriorly)=
ANTEFLEXION
• ANGLE of cervix &vagina= straightened
obtuse angle =RETROVERSION
• Fundus pointing towards rectum =
RETROFLEXION
19. Arterial Supply
The uterus - two uterine arteries and
partly by twoovarian arteries.
The uterine artery is a branch ofanterior
division of internal iliac artery.
It crosses the ureter from
above,(WATER UNDER THE BRIDGE)
Atthe superolateral angle of uterus it
turns laterally, runs along the uterine
tube, and terminates by anastomosing
with the ovarian artery.
20. 1. Arcuate branches:surface to outer 1/3rd of
myometrium
2. Radial branches: inner 2/3rd of myometrium
3. Basal arteries: basal part of endometrium
4. Spiral arteries:superficial part of endometrium
UTERINE ARTERY &ITS BRANCHES:
BLOOD SUPPLY OF CERVIX:
• DESCENDING CERVICAL ARTERIES AT 3’0 & 9’0 POSITIONS
21. VENOUS DRAINAGE :
They form venous plexus(pampiniform plexuses) along with ovarian veins
drains into internal iliac veins uterine veins
1. The sympathetic fibres -T10–L1 spinal segments.
somatic pain distribution in abdomen area of T10-L8
The sympathetic fibres cause uterine contraction and vasoconstriction.
2. The parasympathetic fibres - S2–S4 spinal segments ends in GANGLION
FRANKENHAUSER. The parasympathetic fibres inhibit the uterinemuscles and
cause vasodilatation.
NERVE SUPPLY:
23. Histology
SINGLE LAYER OF COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM & SIMPLE TUBULAR
GLANDS
SINGLE LAYER OF COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM &COMPOUND
RACEMOSE GLANDS
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM
24. SQUAMO COLUMNAR JUNCTION:
• Physiological- metaplasia
• As age increases, SCJ move inwards into endocervix.
• New SCJ arise from external os
• Transformation zone is most dynamic area, pap smear taken from it.
25. Ovary:
Each ovary is whitish in color,3*2*1cm,intraperitoneal
located along lateral wall of the uterus in a region called ovarian fossa.
The ovarian fossa is an area of 4 cm x 3 cm x 2 cm in size.The ovaries are
surrounded by a capsule, and have an outer cortex and an inner medulla.
26. Ovary is attatched to lateral pelvic wall by infundibulo-pelvic ligament carries blood vessels.
Volume of ovary:
• In reproductive age normal upto 20cc (avg 7-8cc)
• Postmenopausal age normal upto10cc(avg 3-4cc)
27. HISTOLOGY OF OVARY
• CAPSULE: lining
epithelium- single layer of
cuboidal epithelium
• CORTEX: contains different
stages of follicles
• MEDULLA: vascular layer
• No. of oocytes at birth 2
million
• At puberty, 4lakhs
• Ovulate during life 100,
• Undergo atresia-
1000/every month
28. BLOOD SUPPLY:
• Ovarian artery –branch of Abdominal Aorta at L2
• Ovarian vein -on left side drains into Left Renal vein
• -on right side drains into IVC
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE:
NERVE SUPPLY:
• Sympathetic
T10,T11 by
Aorticorenal
plexuses.(OVARIES
ARE SENSITIVE TO
MANUAL
SQUEEZING)
• Parasympathetic
by left and right
inferior
29. FALLOPIAN TUBES
ITS different segments are (lateral to medial):
• the infundibulum with its
associated fimbriae near the ovary
• the ampullary(5cm) region is the major
portion of the lateral tube(WIDEST 6mm),
• the isthmus(3cm) segment is the narrower
part(1mm)
• the interstitial(1-2cm) (also Known as
intramural) part is narrowest(0.7mm).
• The ostium is the point where the tubal canal
meets the peritoneal cavity,
• The average length of a fallopian tube is 11-
12 cm.
30. The uterine tubes receive both sympathetic
and parasympathetic innervation via nerve
fibres from the ovarian and uterine
(pelvic) plexuses. Sensory afferent fibres
run from T11- L1.
NERVE SUPPLY
BLOOD SUPPLY:
• Dual blood supply
• Medial 2/3rd- uterine artery
• Lateral 1/3rd-ovarian artery
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE:
• Ostia &interstitial part : Superficial
Inguinal LN
• Rest of tube: Para Aortic LN
DECREASED PERISTALSIS IS RISK FOR ECTOPIC
PREGNANCY.