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FOR
SRAVANI KOMMURU
6th Semester
OBJECTIVES
• To know various strategies of disaster
management
• To know the responsibility of a doctor
during a disaster
• To minimize the effects of a disaster
DISASTER
 A DISASTER CAN BE DEFINED AS –
 “ ANY OCCURENCE THAT CAUSES
DAMAGE , ECOLOGICAL DISRUPTION ,LOSS
OF HUMAN LIFE OR DETERIORATION OF
HEALTH AND HEALTH SERVICES ON A
SCALE SUFFICIENT TO WARRANT AN
EXTRAORDINARY RESPONSE FROM OUTSIDE
THE AFFECTED COMMUNITY OR AREA “
Natural Disasters
1.Earthquakes
2.Cyclones
3.Floods
4.Tidal waves
5.Land slides
6.Volcanic Eruptions
7.Tornadoes
8.Fires
9.Hurricanes
10.Snow storms
Man Made Disasters
1.Bhopal Gas Tragedy
2.Nuclear accident in Soviet
union
NATURAL DISASTER
FLOODS AND CYCLONES ARE MOST COMMON AND WIDE
SPREAD OF ALL NATURAL DISASTERS.
NATURAL DISASTERS CAN CAUSE LOSS
OF LIFE , PROPERTY DAMAGE ,
ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE.
Can be PREDICTABLE and NON
PREDICTABLE
NEED OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING
…….??
 To minimize the damage inflicted by the disaster
 TO ENSURE THAT PERIODIC SHOCKS TO
DEVELOPMENT EFFORTSARE MINIMISED
 To decrease the vulnerability of the community to the
disaster
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
DISASTER MANAGEMENT IS THE DISIPLINE OF
DEALING WITH AND AVOIDING DISASTERS.
RESPONSE
REHABILITATION
RECONSTRUCTION
IT
INCLUDES :
Risk Reduction
Phase before the
disaster impact
PREPARDNESS
MITIGATION
Recovery phase
after the disaster
impact
DISASTER
IMPACT
Disaster Mitigation
MITIGATION:
To make something less unpleasant
Prevent hazards from causing
Emergencies
It is a multi-sectorial
activity
Disaster Preparedness
• Search, rescue and First aid
• Field care
• Triage
• Tagging
• Identification of dead
• Vaccination
• Nutrition………………………..Water supply,
Food safety, Personal hygiene, Vector
control
EARTHQUAKE
Urban planning regulations
Firmly fixed electrical and gas appliances
Storing objects and materials in high positions
Mock drills
Family emergency kit
FLOODS
Fog horns
Weather Forecasts
Disaster Preparedness
EARTHQUAKE
Stay calm and do not panic
Move to the center of the building
Keep away from stairs
If outside keep away from walls and
electric cables
FLOODS
Turn off electricity
Protect people and community
Beware of water contamination
Recovery phase after a disaster
EARTHQUAKES
Follow the instructions
Don’t go back into the buildings
Render help
Keep emergency packages near hand
FLOODS
Clean and disinfect any room that has been flooded
Wash with boiled water all utensils
Dispose off any consumables that might have
come into contact with the flood water
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
 FOR PLANNING ANY DISASTER
MANAGEMENT, LATEST,
RELIABLE, ACCURATE, TIMELY
INFORMATION IS REQUIRED -
SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING.
ROLE OF A MEDICAL
PERSONNEL
ROLE OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL
IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT …
1.FIRST TASK - NOT RAPID
INITIATION OF MEDICAL
CARE BUT INFORM
COMMAND CENTRE
2.SHOULD ASSESS THE
OVERALL SIZE OF MEDICAL
PROBLEM WITH THE HELP OF
FIREMAN AND POLICE.
Contd..
3. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL
NUMBER OF PATIENTS LIKELY
TO REQUIRE MEDICAL CARE ,
TYPE OF INJURIES MOSTLY
PREVALENT
4.IMPLEMENTATION OF MEDICAL
ORGANISATIONS ON SITE IF
REQUIRED.
5. GAIN CONTROL OF THE SCENE
BY GATHERING THE VICTIMS AS
MUCH AS PSBL …
6. TRIAGE
AIM OF TREATMENT : TO DO AS LITTLE
AS POSSIBLE - AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE -
TO AS MANY AS POSSIBLE .
TRIAGE IS A TOOL BY
WHICH VICTIMS ARE
CATEGORISED INTO GROUPS
TO DETERMINE THEIR
PRIORITY FOR TREATMENT
TRIAGE TAGS
PRIORITY 1: EMERGENCY
HARE / RED TAG - NEED IMMEDIATE
MEDICAL CARE
PRIORITY 2 : URGENT
TORTOISE / YELLOW TAG – CAN BE
DELAYED FOR A LIMITED PERIOD
WITHOUT SIGN OF MORTALITY OR
MORBIDITY
PRIORITY 3 : GREEN – NON URGENT
CARE CAN BE DELAYED UNTIL
PATIENTS IN OTHER CATEGORIES ARE
DEALT
PRIORITY 4: (Black) DEAD VICTIMS
Contd..
7. ACCURATE RECORD KEEPING.
8. DEAD MUST BE CERTIFIED AND
ADEQUATELY LABELLED.
9. ASSIGN EACH PATIENT THE APPROPRIATE
HOSPITAL DESTINATION IN RESPECT TO
HIS/HER MEDICAL CONDITION.
EMERGENCY KIT
 SEVERAL CLEAN CONTAINERS OF DRINKING
WATER
 NON-PERISHABLE FOOD ITEMS
 A FIRST AID KIT
 A BATTERY POWERED RADIO
 FLASH LIGHTS
 EXTRA BATTERIES
 PERSONAL HYGIENE SUPPLIES-SOAPS, TOWELS
 INSECT REPLLANTS
 LONG SLEEVED, LONG LEGGED CLOTHINGS.
To SUMMARIZE
1.Disaster
2.Strategy for responding to various kinds of
disasters
3.Role of a Doctor
4.Triage system
5.Emergency kit
Disastrer management

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Disastrer management

  • 2. OBJECTIVES • To know various strategies of disaster management • To know the responsibility of a doctor during a disaster • To minimize the effects of a disaster
  • 3.
  • 4. DISASTER  A DISASTER CAN BE DEFINED AS –  “ ANY OCCURENCE THAT CAUSES DAMAGE , ECOLOGICAL DISRUPTION ,LOSS OF HUMAN LIFE OR DETERIORATION OF HEALTH AND HEALTH SERVICES ON A SCALE SUFFICIENT TO WARRANT AN EXTRAORDINARY RESPONSE FROM OUTSIDE THE AFFECTED COMMUNITY OR AREA “
  • 5. Natural Disasters 1.Earthquakes 2.Cyclones 3.Floods 4.Tidal waves 5.Land slides 6.Volcanic Eruptions 7.Tornadoes 8.Fires 9.Hurricanes 10.Snow storms Man Made Disasters 1.Bhopal Gas Tragedy 2.Nuclear accident in Soviet union
  • 6. NATURAL DISASTER FLOODS AND CYCLONES ARE MOST COMMON AND WIDE SPREAD OF ALL NATURAL DISASTERS. NATURAL DISASTERS CAN CAUSE LOSS OF LIFE , PROPERTY DAMAGE , ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE. Can be PREDICTABLE and NON PREDICTABLE
  • 7. NEED OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND PLANNING …….??  To minimize the damage inflicted by the disaster  TO ENSURE THAT PERIODIC SHOCKS TO DEVELOPMENT EFFORTSARE MINIMISED  To decrease the vulnerability of the community to the disaster
  • 8. DISASTER MANAGEMENT DISASTER MANAGEMENT IS THE DISIPLINE OF DEALING WITH AND AVOIDING DISASTERS. RESPONSE REHABILITATION RECONSTRUCTION IT INCLUDES : Risk Reduction Phase before the disaster impact PREPARDNESS MITIGATION Recovery phase after the disaster impact
  • 10. Disaster Mitigation MITIGATION: To make something less unpleasant Prevent hazards from causing Emergencies
  • 11. It is a multi-sectorial activity Disaster Preparedness
  • 12. • Search, rescue and First aid • Field care • Triage • Tagging • Identification of dead • Vaccination • Nutrition………………………..Water supply, Food safety, Personal hygiene, Vector control
  • 13. EARTHQUAKE Urban planning regulations Firmly fixed electrical and gas appliances Storing objects and materials in high positions Mock drills Family emergency kit FLOODS Fog horns Weather Forecasts Disaster Preparedness
  • 14. EARTHQUAKE Stay calm and do not panic Move to the center of the building Keep away from stairs If outside keep away from walls and electric cables
  • 15. FLOODS Turn off electricity Protect people and community Beware of water contamination
  • 16. Recovery phase after a disaster EARTHQUAKES Follow the instructions Don’t go back into the buildings Render help Keep emergency packages near hand
  • 17. FLOODS Clean and disinfect any room that has been flooded Wash with boiled water all utensils Dispose off any consumables that might have come into contact with the flood water
  • 18. DISASTER MANAGEMENT  FOR PLANNING ANY DISASTER MANAGEMENT, LATEST, RELIABLE, ACCURATE, TIMELY INFORMATION IS REQUIRED - SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING.
  • 19. ROLE OF A MEDICAL PERSONNEL
  • 20. ROLE OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT … 1.FIRST TASK - NOT RAPID INITIATION OF MEDICAL CARE BUT INFORM COMMAND CENTRE 2.SHOULD ASSESS THE OVERALL SIZE OF MEDICAL PROBLEM WITH THE HELP OF FIREMAN AND POLICE.
  • 21. Contd.. 3. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL NUMBER OF PATIENTS LIKELY TO REQUIRE MEDICAL CARE , TYPE OF INJURIES MOSTLY PREVALENT 4.IMPLEMENTATION OF MEDICAL ORGANISATIONS ON SITE IF REQUIRED. 5. GAIN CONTROL OF THE SCENE BY GATHERING THE VICTIMS AS MUCH AS PSBL …
  • 22. 6. TRIAGE AIM OF TREATMENT : TO DO AS LITTLE AS POSSIBLE - AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE - TO AS MANY AS POSSIBLE . TRIAGE IS A TOOL BY WHICH VICTIMS ARE CATEGORISED INTO GROUPS TO DETERMINE THEIR PRIORITY FOR TREATMENT
  • 23. TRIAGE TAGS PRIORITY 1: EMERGENCY HARE / RED TAG - NEED IMMEDIATE MEDICAL CARE PRIORITY 2 : URGENT TORTOISE / YELLOW TAG – CAN BE DELAYED FOR A LIMITED PERIOD WITHOUT SIGN OF MORTALITY OR MORBIDITY PRIORITY 3 : GREEN – NON URGENT CARE CAN BE DELAYED UNTIL PATIENTS IN OTHER CATEGORIES ARE DEALT PRIORITY 4: (Black) DEAD VICTIMS
  • 24. Contd.. 7. ACCURATE RECORD KEEPING. 8. DEAD MUST BE CERTIFIED AND ADEQUATELY LABELLED. 9. ASSIGN EACH PATIENT THE APPROPRIATE HOSPITAL DESTINATION IN RESPECT TO HIS/HER MEDICAL CONDITION.
  • 25. EMERGENCY KIT  SEVERAL CLEAN CONTAINERS OF DRINKING WATER  NON-PERISHABLE FOOD ITEMS  A FIRST AID KIT  A BATTERY POWERED RADIO  FLASH LIGHTS  EXTRA BATTERIES  PERSONAL HYGIENE SUPPLIES-SOAPS, TOWELS  INSECT REPLLANTS  LONG SLEEVED, LONG LEGGED CLOTHINGS.
  • 26. To SUMMARIZE 1.Disaster 2.Strategy for responding to various kinds of disasters 3.Role of a Doctor 4.Triage system 5.Emergency kit