Retrospective vs Prospective Study: Advantages, Types and Differences.
https://www.cognibrain.com/retrospective-vs-prospective-study-advantages-types-and-differences/
Retrospective vs Prospective Study: Advantages, Types and Differences.
https://www.cognibrain.com/retrospective-vs-prospective-study-advantages-types-and-differences/
An epidemiological experiment in which subjects in a population are randomly allocated into groups, usually called study and control groups to receive and not receive an experimental preventive or therapetuic procedure, maneuver, or intervention .
This is a simple and general presentation about the health research which is prepared to present within staffs of Naulo Ghumti Nepal especially for EIHS staffs, objective if this presentation is to orient staffs about research.
Study designs, Epidemiological study design, Types of studiesDr Lipilekha Patnaik
Study design, Epidemiological study designA study design is a specific plan or protocol
for conducting the study, which allows the investigator to translate the conceptual hypothesis into an operational one.
The most ambitious definition of health is that proposed by WHO in 1948: “health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” but,
Practical definitions of health and disease are needed in epidemiology, which concentrates on aspects of health that are easily measurable and amenable to improvement.
Definitions of health states used by epidemiologists tend to be simple.
An epidemiological experiment in which subjects in a population are randomly allocated into groups, usually called study and control groups to receive and not receive an experimental preventive or therapetuic procedure, maneuver, or intervention .
This is a simple and general presentation about the health research which is prepared to present within staffs of Naulo Ghumti Nepal especially for EIHS staffs, objective if this presentation is to orient staffs about research.
Study designs, Epidemiological study design, Types of studiesDr Lipilekha Patnaik
Study design, Epidemiological study designA study design is a specific plan or protocol
for conducting the study, which allows the investigator to translate the conceptual hypothesis into an operational one.
The most ambitious definition of health is that proposed by WHO in 1948: “health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” but,
Practical definitions of health and disease are needed in epidemiology, which concentrates on aspects of health that are easily measurable and amenable to improvement.
Definitions of health states used by epidemiologists tend to be simple.
Medical research involves many epidemiology study scheme
The study design is decided by The nature of the research question.
Descriptive study,analytical study, exploratory study
Clinical trial,cross sectional study,case control study (diseases and non disease group/ ) cohorte study (exposed and non exposed)
How to scientifically conduct a clinical professional research trial? In the current era of Collaborate or parish, we need to keep this design in our mind.
Enjoy
@copyLeft
A great presentation from a well versed friend in research and EBM, Dr Yaser Faden.
This is a simple introduction to study design with an accompanying workshop to simplify the different types of research study designs.
The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...Dr. Anees Alyafei
What are the advanced glycated end products, underline metabolism, and health-related effects? How could physical exercise affect them?
review on the different mechanisms involved in how the exercise reduces the advanced glycated end products.
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative reviewDr. Anees Alyafei
A narrative review on continuity of care at the level of primary health care, definition, types, how it could be measured, and the expected effects on the patients, health care providers, and health institutes.
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...Dr. Anees Alyafei
A narrative review on how regular physical exercise could affect diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Regular physical exercise has an effective influence on the control and improvement of peripheral neuropathy.
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...Dr. Anees Alyafei
What stimulates and prevents females from regular physical exercise. Updated Comprehensive narrative review.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341220204_Citation_AlYafei_A_Albaker_W_2020_Barriers_and_Facilitators_for_Regular_Physical_Exercise_among_Adult_Females_Narrative_Review_2020
Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...Dr. Anees Alyafei
Original Research Paper on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk on Qatari Diabetics. The behavior of two risk prediction tools categorized patients differently.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340895704_Assessment_of_Cardiovascular_Disease_Risk_among_Qatari_Patients_with_Type_2_Diabetes_Mellitus_Attending_Primary_Health_Care_Centers_2014
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
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Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
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micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
2. ANALYTIC STUDIES
• OUTLINE:
– Hierarchy of Study design.
– Introduction for analytic Studies./ Exposure &
Outcome.
– Cohort and Case control Study design:
• Definition.
• Character.
• Advantages and disadvantages.
11. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Cohort study:
Definition
Is an analytic epidemiologic research design in
.which the study population is composed of
individuals who are classified as exposed and no
exposed to particular risk factors. These groups are
followed forward for a specific period of time to
estimate the incidence rate of an outcome or the
development of a health problem.
12. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Non Exposed
Group
Hypothesized to be at
greater risk or lesser risk
of developing the health
problem
Exposed Group
Cohort study:
Already
exposed.
Casual factors
Protective
factors
Not exposed
Protective
factors
Casual factors
15. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Cohort study:
Cohort study
Prospective
Historical
Exposure status is
determined when the
study begins.
Followed forward in
time to observe the
outcome.
The exposure happened
before the study begins.
18. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Cohort study:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Advantages:
More control on data
collection.
Easy checking the study
outcome.
Clear temporal sequence.
Estimating the risk.
Good to study rare risk factors.
Can study different disease or
outcomes.
Disadvantages:
• Only risk factors defined at the
beginning of the study can be
studied.
• Costly.
• Time consuming.
• For common diseases.
• The exposure status may
change during the study.
• Loss of follow up.
19. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Case Control Study:
Definition
It is analytic type of epidemiologic research design in which
the study population consists of groups who either have
(cases) or do not have (controls) a particular health problem
or outcome.
21. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Case Control Study:
The investigator selects the case and the control group on
the bases of the outcome and compares them in term of their
frequency of past exposure to the possible exposure.
24. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Case Control Study:
Cases
Study subjects who have
outcome to be
investigated.
Case definition:
Objective description of the
case.
Eligibility Criteria.
Controls
Study subjects who do
not have the outcome to
be investigated.
Similar to the cases in
most of the aspects
except outcome.
Sources:
Hospital
Community
28. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Case Control Study:
• Selection of controls:
– No outcome.
– Selection randomly or Systematic.
– Matching on specific variables./individual or
frequency.
– Restriction.
31. ANALYTIC STUDIES
Case Control Study:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Advantages:
Quick design saves time.
Easy to perform.
Inexpensive.
Suitable for rare diseases.
Can study many risk factors.
Useful for generating
hypothesis.
Disadvantages
•
•
•
•
Recall bias.
Can not be used for incidence rate.
Temporal relationship.
Can study only one disease
outcome.
• Can only obtain relative measure
of risk.