Cervical cancer develops slowly over time from pre-cancerous changes caused by HPV infection. Screening allows these changes to be detected early before cancer develops. The document outlines the history and timeline of cervical cancer, how it spreads, prevention strategies including vaccination and screening guidelines. Screening involves Pap and HPV testing to find abnormal cells, with testing frequency depending on age. Screening can typically stop after age 65 if a woman has a low risk history.