distillation

1. SEPARATING MIXTURESSEPARATING MIXTURES

2. Imagine…………….Imagine…………….
Can you think of a way to separate a
mixture of mungo beans, corn, iron
filings, salt and water?

3. What are the different ways ofWhat are the different ways of
separating mixtures?separating mixtures?
Magnetism
Hand separation
Filtration
Sifting or sieving
Extraction and evaporation
Distillation

4. MagnetismMagnetism
If one component of the mixture has
magnetic properties, you could use a
magnet to separate the mixture. Iron,
nickel, and cobalt are all materials that
are magnetic.
Not all metals are magnetic: gold, silver,
and aluminum are examples of metals
that are not magnetic.

5. Example of magnetismExample of magnetism
Using a magnet to separate nails from
wood chips.

6. FiltrationFiltration
Used when separating a solid substance
from a fluid (a liquid or a gas) by passing a
mixture through a porous material such
as a type of filter.
Works by letting the fluid pass through
but not the solid.
Examples of filters: coffee filter, cloth, oil
filter, even sand!

7. Example of filtration:Example of filtration:
Using a coffee filter to separate the
coffee flavor from the coffee beans.

8. Sifting or sievingSifting or sieving
Used to separate a dry
mixture which contains
substances of different
sizes by passing it through
a sieve, a device containing
tiny holes.

9. Example of sifting/sieving:Example of sifting/sieving:
Using a sieve
to separate
sand from
pebbles.

10. ExtractionExtraction
Used to separate an insoluble solid
(something that doesn’t dissolve in a
liquid) from a soluble solid (something
that DOES dissolve in a liquid). Done by
adding a solvent (liquid that does the
dissolving) to the mixture. Then pouring
the liquid through a filter.

11. Example of extractionExample of extraction
With a mixture of sugar and sand,
pouring water in the mixture which
causes the sugar to dissolve. Then
pouring the solution through a filter,
causing the sand to separate from the
sugar water.

12. Hand PickingHand Picking
The components of a solid-solidThe components of a solid-solid
mixture can be separated bymixture can be separated by handhand
pickingpicking..
This is only useful when the particlesThis is only useful when the particles
are large enough to be seen clearly.are large enough to be seen clearly.
For example separating pebblesFor example separating pebbles
from rice or dal, separating grassfrom rice or dal, separating grass
from mint leaves, and separatingfrom mint leaves, and separating
parts of a salad.parts of a salad.

13. ThreshingThreshing

14. Threshing is the method that
generally used by the farmers to
separate the grains from the stalks
after harvesting. The dried stalks
are beaten or threshed to
separate the grains. However, in
large farms threshing is done by
using threshing machines.

15. EvaporationEvaporation

16. Evaporation is a process in which a
liquid changes into gaseous form
on heating. Allowing the liquid to
evaporate, leaving the soluble
solid behind

17. SedimentationSedimentation

18. Sedimentation is the process by
which the insoluble, heavy solid
particles settle down their own in a
solution. In order to separate the
two, the liquid has to be gently
poured into another container
without disturbing the sediments.
.

19. This process of obtaining clear liquid
by pouring a solution from a container
in order to leave the sediments in the
bottom of the original container.
 is called decantation

20. DistillationDistillation

21. Distillation the process by which a
mixture is separated by heating a
solution and condensing using a
cooling tube.
The liquid collected is the distillate

22. Think of possible ways on how toThink of possible ways on how to
separate the following:separate the following:
Explain you answers
To obtain drinking water from muddy water
To separate petrol from crude oil
To remove leaves from a swimming pool
To obtain pure sugar from a solution

23. Shells on the sand in the sea shore
Oil from the soy sauce
separate a mixture of wheat flour and rice grains.
Rice grains from the stalks
Iron nails from your jewelries
Small stones present in rice

24. What do you call this method of
separating mixtures?
Explain the processes involved