This document discusses attitudes and motivation. It defines attitude as a mental predisposition to act that is expressed through evaluating an entity with favor or disfavor. Attitudes have four components: cognitions, affect, behavioral intentions, and evaluation. Motivation is explained as what initiates, directs, and sustains human behavior. Several theories of motivation are described, including Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's two-factor theory. The document also discusses the role of motivation in education and defines intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Self-efficacy is defined as a belief in one's own capabilities.

1. By:
Ana Rose D. Jaraba
Bsed-3B

2. Attitude
• defined as a mental predisposition to act that
is to expressed by evaluating a particular entity
w/ some degree of favor or disfavor.
Comprised of four components.
a. Cognitions
b. Affect
c. Behavioral Intentions
d. Evaluation

3. 1. Cognitions
• beliefs, theories , expectancies , cause- and
–effect beliefs and perceptions relative to
the object.
2. Affect
• refers to our feeling with respect to the
focal object such as fear, liking, or anger.
3. Behavioural Intentions
• are our goals, aspirations, and our expected
responses to the attitude object

4. Emotion and Cognition are inextricably linked
and perhaps never entirely separate,
distinctive nor pure.
~William James
The separation of the head from the heart has
contributed to a fractured education system
that produces minds that do not know how to
feel and hearts that do not know how to think.
~Parker Palmer

5. 4. Evaluation
 considered as central components of
attitudes.
Consist of imputation of some object degree
of goodness or badness to an attitude object.
“ it is most often the evaluation that is stored
in memory, often w/o the corresponding
conditions and affect that were responsible for
its formation.”( Robert Scholl, University of
Rhode Island , 2002)

6. Why study of
attitudes?

7. 2. Motivation
 a reason or set of reasons for engaging in a
particular behavioral especially human
behavioral as studied in Psychology and
Neuropsychology.
Refers to the initiation, direction, intensity
and persistence of human
behavior.(Geen, 1995)
There are many theories that explain human
motivation.

8. The Need Theory
1. Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy
physiological
Safety and security
Social
Self esteem
Self actualization

9. 2. Frederick Herzberg’s two factor theory
Concludes that certain factors in the workplace
result in the job satisfaction, while others do
not, but if absent lead to dissatisfaction. He
distinguished b/w:
Motivators
Hygiene factors(e.g. status, job security)

10. 3. Clayton Alderfer
 ERG Theory( existence, relatedness and
growth).
Physiological and safety, the lower order
needs, are placed in the existence category
 love and self esteem needs in the relatedness
category
The growth category contained the self –
actualization needs.

11. MOTIVATION IN EDUCATION
Can have several effects on how students learn
and their behavior towards the subject matter
(Ormrod, 2003). it can:
1. direct behavior toward particular goals.
2. Lead to increased effort and energy.
3. Increase initiation of and persistence in
, activities.
4. Enhance cognitive processing.
5. Determine what consequences are reinforcing.
6. Lead to improved performance.

12. Two kinds of Motivation
1. Intrinsic Motivation
Occurs when people are internally
motivated to do something.
2. Extrinsic Motivation
Comes into play when a student is
compelled to do something or act in a
certain way.

13. 3.
3. SELF -EFFICACY
 an impression that one is capable of
performing in a certain manner or attaining
certain goals.
A belief that one has the capabilities to execute
the courses of actions required to manage
prospective situations.

14. THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!!!!