NEP is a policy formulated in 2006 by Ministry of Environment and Forest,Govt. of India for providing certain strategies and standards that ensures environmental safety to surrounding areas,working areas, laboratories or facilities, are free from dangers.
EIA is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
EIA 1994 and the further amendments are explained i.e. 2006 and 2020.
NEP is a policy formulated in 2006 by Ministry of Environment and Forest,Govt. of India for providing certain strategies and standards that ensures environmental safety to surrounding areas,working areas, laboratories or facilities, are free from dangers.
EIA is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
EIA 1994 and the further amendments are explained i.e. 2006 and 2020.
EIA for Major development projects - Mining projectsJenson Samraj
EIA is a decision making tool for developmental projects (Mining, construction of dams).
It will have environmental implication in changing the variables such as quality of air, ground water, soil in that area.
The purpose of assessment is to ensure that decision makers consider the environmental impacts to implement the project
EIA helps us to measure or predict the impact of any developmental projects on the environment. Mining refers to Extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit.
Metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. Large scale mining pollution contaminates all living organisms within the body of water
Affects environment adversely
Results in deforestation
Environmental impact assessment case studyKundan Sanap
This ppt is based on an EIA report for
The Building & Construction Project “Parshwa Luxuria” at S. P. No. 133/1/A, R. S. No. 118/2/1, 118/2/2, 118/3, 118/4 & 119, Bodakdev, City West, District Ahmedabad, Gujarat. JANUARY 2019
A Short introduction over what EIA is , its objectives , its process , advantages and challenges in india.
Also two case studies, one where EIA is implented, and other where it isnt, have been included along with the references.
trating municipal landfill leachate by using activated carbon sourced from agricultural residue(sugarcane bagasse & rice husk) and comparing their efficacy wrt each other in removing the tds, color, organics etc.
Detailed description of Environmental Impact Assessment - Historical Background - Objectives - Assessment procedure - Necessity in Water resources projects - Environmental discourse on DAM construction - Case study
EIA for Major development projects - Mining projectsJenson Samraj
EIA is a decision making tool for developmental projects (Mining, construction of dams).
It will have environmental implication in changing the variables such as quality of air, ground water, soil in that area.
The purpose of assessment is to ensure that decision makers consider the environmental impacts to implement the project
EIA helps us to measure or predict the impact of any developmental projects on the environment. Mining refers to Extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth, usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit.
Metals, coal, oil shale, gemstones, limestone, chalk, dimension stone, rock salt, potash, gravel, and clay. Large scale mining pollution contaminates all living organisms within the body of water
Affects environment adversely
Results in deforestation
Environmental impact assessment case studyKundan Sanap
This ppt is based on an EIA report for
The Building & Construction Project “Parshwa Luxuria” at S. P. No. 133/1/A, R. S. No. 118/2/1, 118/2/2, 118/3, 118/4 & 119, Bodakdev, City West, District Ahmedabad, Gujarat. JANUARY 2019
A Short introduction over what EIA is , its objectives , its process , advantages and challenges in india.
Also two case studies, one where EIA is implented, and other where it isnt, have been included along with the references.
trating municipal landfill leachate by using activated carbon sourced from agricultural residue(sugarcane bagasse & rice husk) and comparing their efficacy wrt each other in removing the tds, color, organics etc.
Detailed description of Environmental Impact Assessment - Historical Background - Objectives - Assessment procedure - Necessity in Water resources projects - Environmental discourse on DAM construction - Case study
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic and integrative process for considering possible impacts prior to a decision being taken on whether or not a proposal should be given approval to proceed. (Wood 2003)
EIA is basically a tool used to assess the positive and negative environmental, economic and social impacts of a project. This is used to predict the environmental impacts of a project in the pre-planning stage itself so that decisions can be taken to reduce the adverse impacts.
Phil Jones, PE, OC Public Works Design Division, Bruce Phillips, PE, PACE and Scott Taylor, PE, Michael Baker International present "Engineering Analysis for Urban Drainage Systems" for the Environmental Water Resources Institute of ASCE OC.
Successstory of a Gujarat Inland wetland farmer by Bhaskar.pdfB. BHASKAR
Inland open water wetlands are Potential source for culture based capture fisheries, a success story of small scale wetland farmer of Gujarat, Inland Fishes and prawns
Major Ornamental fish Exporters contact details in India by BB. BHASKAR
Major Ornamental fishes and plants exporters registered contact details in East and West coast states of India. mission Ornamental fisheries,
List of state wise Public aquariums, Indigenous Fresh water and Marine water ornamental fish aquarium, and ornaments brood bank capital and operational cost for set up and for promoting ornamental fish farming for small scale livelihoods and entrepreneurs
IMPORTANCE OF WATER IN SUPPORTING LIFE ON THE PLANET By B.pptxB. BHASKAR
2024 World water day theme: Water for peace.
World water resources, its percentage share in human & other animals body, health maintenance, agricultural production sector for achieving food security, industrial sector, poverty alleviation. World prospects on water use efficiency & saving water quality for drinking, food production & other applications through responsible uses
Threatned Sharks Rays and Chaimera along Arabian sea By B.pptxB. BHASKAR
Introduction about sharks, Rays and Chaimeras, Fishery exploitation status along Arabian Sea waters, present threatened families of sharks, Rays and Chaimeras
Fish stem cells and their applications by BB. BHASKAR
Different types of stem cells in humans and Fishes, importance and Application of fish stem cells in Aquaculture, conservation and fish health healing mechanism, UV-rays protection and other intigrated uses of stem cells for industrial purpose, fish cell culture
Fishes unique care wishes on occasion of valentine's day wishesB. BHASKAR
Loving beautiful fishes also caring youngones. Male fishes Show their love in care by bearing female fishes parental care risk.
male fishes only pairing with single females fishes throughout its lifespan and guards their eggs by incubation during birth till hatching out
Lobster breeding seedproduction and rearing and fattening in CagesB. BHASKAR
Commercially important exploited Lobster species of India, Breeding, seed production, larval rearing and nursery rearing, pit culture and open sea cage culture of lobsters, cost economic of lobster Aquaculture, water quality & feeding management, SWOT Analysis in experimental lobster farming. Constraints and Recommendations
Continents of the world and FAO fishing areas, Ocean fisheries and coastal countries, large seas, marine capture fisheries production of the world major fishing areas, generals, and species.
Past to present fish Seed production in India ln states, UTs and Indian major carps brood stock maintainace, breeding, maturation stages, embryonic developmental stages, fish spawn, Fry, Quality checking, Quarantine principle for seed quality.
Dams Impacts on environment with special focus on Wild Fisheries.pptxB. BHASKAR
Major Indian Rivers and their Dams
Species diversity reported along streches of Rivers, Dams impacts on capture fisheries due to habitat alterations, world scenario of Dams impacts
Fish Products Exporters registered under MPEDA in India by B.pdfB. BHASKAR
Address and contact details of Fish and Fishery products Exporters from different states and UT's registered under Marine products Export development Authority (MPEDA)of India, helpful for interested Aqua farmers, entrepreneurs interested for export of seafood and professionals awareness
Introduction to Riverine systems in India, Origin hills, East and West coast riverine systems, tributaries of major rivers, length, catchment areas and Ichthyo-faunal diversity and major fisheries of riverine systems
Efficient utilization of Fish waste.pptxB. BHASKAR
Introduction to fish waste, % of fish body parts and their by products potential valuable applications. Utilization of Shell fishes waste, smart sensors in detection, AI application in valorize of big data fish reducing fish waste
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
1. EIA-Environmental Clearance(EC)-
Environmental Appraisal committee(EAC)
Presented by
Bhukya Bhaskar
FRM dept, FISHERIES-ICAR
Information Sources:
1.) Environment Impact Notification 2006; Gazette of
India, 14th September, 2006
2.) Green Tapism; Environment Support Group; 2007
2. Introduction
• Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process of identifying,
predicting, evaluating and mitigating the biophysical, social, and other
relevant effects of development proposals prior to major decisions
being taken and commitments made.”
• studies integrate the environmental concerns of developmental
activities into the process of decision-making.
• EIA has emerged as one of the successful policy innovations of the 20th
Century in the process of ensuring sustained development.
• 1. The MoE&F, GOI vide S.O. 1533 dt. 14.09.2006 issued Environmental
Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 (EIA-2006).
• 2. As per the provisions laid under EIA-2006 notification, prior
Environmental Clearance (EC) is required for the following projects.
• * All new projects/activities listed in Schedule
• * Expansion and/or modernization of existing projects/activities
• * Change in product mix if the pollution load is increasing.
3. Categorization of projects and activities
• All projects and activities are broadly categorized in to two
categories - Category A and Category B
– spatial extent of impacts
– impacts on natural and man made resources
– impacts on human health
• 3. The MoE&F, GOI process the environmental clearance
applications related to Category-A projects and the State level
Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA) process the
environmental clearance applications related to Category-B
projects.
• 4. In the process of prior Environmental Clearance there are 4
stages.
• Stage I: Screening
• Stage II: Scoping
• Stage III: Public Consultation
• Stage IV: Appraisal
Stages in EC process
4. Summary of EIA process and
Rough Timelines
Submission of application (Form 1, prelim reports)
Stage 1: Screening; Decide project A, B1 or B2
Stage 2: Scoping; Come up with Terms of Reference (TOR)
Prepare preliminary EIA report
Stage 3: Public consultation (2 components)
Stage 4: Appraisal
Final Decision
60 days
45 days
60 days
15 days
30 days
Investor
Expert
Committee
Investor
State Pollution
Control Board
Expert
Committee
Regulatory
Authority
Who does it?
Update EIA report (Investor)
5. Roles and Responsibilities of Stakeholders Involved in Prior Environmental Clearance
Stage
MoEF/SEIAA EAC/SEAC Project
Proponent
EIA
Consultant
SPCB/
Public
Agency
Public and
Interest
Group
Screening
Receives
application and
takes advice of
EAC/ SEAC
Advises the
MoEF/
SEIAA
Submits
application
(Form 1) and
provides
necessary
information
Advises and
assists the
proponent by
providing
technical
information
Scoping
Approves the ToR,
communica tes the
same to theproject
proponent and
places the same in
the website
Reviews the
ToR, visits the
proposedsite,
if required,
and
recommends
the ToR to the
MoEF/
SEIAA
Submits the draft
ToR to
MoEF/SEIAA
and facilitates the
visit of the
EAC/SEAC
members to the
project site
Prepares ToR
EIA Report&
Public Hearing
Reviewsand
forwardscopies of
the EIA report to
SPCB
/public agency for
conductingpublic
hearing
Places the
summaryof EIA
Submits detailed
EIAreport as per
the finalizedToR
Facilitates thepublic
hearingby arranging
presentation on the
project,EIA and
EMP
– takes note of
objections and
updates the
EMP
Prepares theEIA
report
Presents and
appraises the likely
impactsand
pollution control
measures proposed
in the public
hearing
Reviews EIA
reportand
conducts public
hearing in the
manner
prescribed
Submits
proceedings and
views ofSPCB, to
theAuthority
and the
project
Participates in
public hearings
andoffers
comments and
observations
.
Comments
can be sent
directly to
SEIAA
through
Internet in
response to
6. Application for Prior Environmental Clearance
• An application seeking prior environmental
clearance in all cases shall be made
– In the prescribed Form 1 and Supplementary Form
1A
– After the identification of prospective site(s)
– After identification of activities
– Submit pre-feasibility report for all and conceptual
plan for construction activities
7. The applications are to be submitted
to the :
State Level Environmental Impact Assessment
Authority,
8. Expert Committees for Screening, Scoping and
Appraisal (EAC and SEAC)
• Expert Committees
– Expert Appraisal Committees (EACs) at the Central
Government
– State Expert Appraisal Committees (SEAC) at the State
or the Union territory
• Responsible for screening, scoping and appraising
projects
• Procedure for selection and maintenance of EAC
and SEAC is given in notification
9. Details of constitution and projects dealt
by EAC at Central Level
S.N
o. Sector
Date of
Constitu
tion
Term of the
EAC up to
Item Numbers of Projects
/
Activities Dealt by EAC
Member
Secretary Email ID
1 Infrastruc
ture-I
13th
July,2020
12th
July,2023
• 7(b) All ship breaking yards
including ship breaking units •
7(c) Industrial estates/ parks/
complexes/ areas, export
processing Zones (EPZs),
Special Economic Zones (SEZs),
Biotech Parks, Leather
Complexes. • 7(e) Ports,
Harbours, break waters,
dredging • 7(f) Highways
Sh.
Amardeep
Raju
ad[dot]raju[at
]nic[dot]in
2 Hydro &
River
Valley
13th
July,2020
12th
July,2023
•1(c)-River Valley projects and
Irrigation Projects
Sh. Yogender
Pal Singh
yogendra78[a
t]nic[dot]in
3 CRZ 13th
July,2020
12th
July,2023
• Projects or activities
proposed in CRZ area
Dr. Harendra
Kharkwal
h[dot]kharkw
al[at]nic[dot]i
n
10. Requirements of prior Environmental Clearance (EC)
• Which projects require EC?
– Projects listed in the schedule to notification (as
Category A and B projects)
– All new projects or activities listed in the Schedule to
this notification
– Expansion and modernization of existing projects or
activities listed in the Schedule to this notification
– Any change in product - mix in an existing
manufacturing unit included in Schedule
11. • EC by whom?
– Category A projects: Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and
Forests
• Base decisions on the recommendation by Expert Appraisal Committee
(EAC)
– Category B projects: At state level the State Environment Impact Assessment
Authority (SEIAA)
• The SEIAA shall base its decision on the recommendations of a State or
Union territory level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) as to be
constituted for in this notification
• In the absence of a duly constituted SEIAA or SEAC, a Category ‘B’ project
shall be treated as a Category ‘A’ project
Requirements of prior Environmental Clearance (EC)
12. List of projects
Project activities
1.Mining of
Minerals
8.Induction Electric
Arc Cupola Furnace
16.Chemical
Fertilizer
23.Integrated
paints
30.Common
Hazardous Waste
Treatment
2.Offshore
Onshore
9.Cement Plants 17.Pesticide
Industry
24.Pulp and
Paper
31.Ports & Harbors
3.Thermal Power
Plants
10.Petroleum_Refine
ries
18.Petrochemical
Complexes
25.Sugar Industry 32.Highways33.Aerial
ropeway
4.Nuclear Power
Plants
11.Coke
Oven12.Asbestos
based industries
19.Man-made
Fibre
26.Isolated
Storages
34.CETP
5.Coal washeries 13.Chlor-alkali 20.Petrochemical
Based Processing
27.Airports
manual
35.Common
Municipal Solid Waste
Management
6.Mineral
beneficiation
14.Soda Ash 21.Synthetic
Organic Chemicals
28.Ship Breaking
Yards
36.Building-
construction
7.Metallurgical
Industries
15.Skin hideee
processing n Tannery
22.Distilleries 29.Industrial
Estates
37.Townships and
Area Development
13. PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL
CLEARANCE:
• 1. The proponent shall apply in the prescribed application
format i.e. Form- 1 (or Form 1 & 1A in case of construction
projects) along with relevant documents to the concerned
Authority(MoE&F, GOI in case of Category-A
projects OR SEIAA, TS incase of Category-B projects).
• 2. The proponents are invited to the meeting of the State
Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC), an advisory
committee to the State level Environment Impact
Assessment Authority (SEIAA).
• The applications are subjected to screening and scoping.
The SEAC issues Terms of References (TORs) to the project
proponents based on the climatic conditions of the region,
surroundings of the site, manufacturing process, pollution
generated from the proposed project etc.
14. Con…
3. The proponent has to prepare a draft (EIA) report based on the TORs
issued by the SEAC.
• The proponent approaches concerned State Pollution Control Board to
undergo the process of public consultation.
• The public hearing is conducted under the Chairmanship of District
Magistrate or his /her representative not below the rank of an additional
District Magistrate assisted by the representative of State PCB.
• A paper notification is issued in the local news papers both in Local and
English languages 30 days in advance indicating the date, time and venue
for the public hearing. The public hearing will be conducted on the date
specified in the paper notification.
• The minutes of the public hearing are prepared and sent along with the
representations received from the public to the concerned Authority i.e.
MoE&F, GOI for Category-A projects and SEIAA for Category-B projects.
4. The proponent prepares the final EIA report incorporating the issues
arouses in the public hearing and submits to the concerned Authority i.e.
MoE&F, GOI for Category-A projects and SEIAA for Category-B projects.
15. Con..
5. The concerned Authority appraises the final EIA report,
minutes of the public hearing and representations received
from the public and the reply /commitments of the
proponent on the issues arouse in the public hearing.
• A final decision is taken regarding issue of environmental
clearance, conditions to be stipulated in the EC.
Accordingly, environmental clearance is issued.
• If the Authority decides to reject the application of EC, the
decision will be communicated to the proponent along with
reasons for rejection.
6. As per the provisions laid under EIA-2006 notification,
the maximum time required for the process of an
application for issue of Environmental Clearance is about 10
to 12 months. (i.e. for above mentioned 4 stages).
16. Con..
7. GENERAL CONDITION (GC):
• Any project or activity specified in Category B will be treated as Category A, if
located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of:
• (i) Protected Areas notified under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972,
• (ii) Critically Polluted areas as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from
time to time
• (iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas
• (iv) inter-State boundaries and international boundaries.
8. SPECIFIC CONDITION (SC):
• If any Industrial Estate/Complex / Export processing Zones /Special Economic
Zones/Biotech Parks / Leather Complex with homogeneous type of industries
such as Items 4(d), 4(f), 5(e), 5(f), or those Industrial estates with pre defined set
of activities (not necessarily homogeneous, obtains prior environmental
clearance, individual industries including proposed industrial housing within
such estates /complexes will not be required to take prior environmental
clearance, so long as the Terms and Conditions for the industrial estate/complex
are complied with (Such estates/complexes must have a clearly identified
management with the legal responsibility of ensuring adherence to the Terms and
Conditions of prior environmental clearance, who may be held responsible for
violation of the same throughout the life of the complex/estate).
17. State Level Environment Impact Assessment
Authority (SEIAA)
• SEIAA shall be constituted by the Central Government
– comprising of three Members
– Chairman and a member–secretary to be nominated
by the State Government or the Union territory
Administration
– Rules for membership of SEIAA
– All decisions of the SEIAA shall be unanimous and
taken in a meeting
18. Decision-making
• The Chairperson reads the sense of the
Committee and finalizes the draft minutes of
the meeting, which are circulated by the
Secretary to all the expert members invited to
the meeting.
• Based on the response from the members, the
minutes are finalized and signed by the
Chairperson.
19. Approval / rejection / reconsideration
• The Authority shall consider the
recommendations of concerned Appraisal
Committee and convey its decision within
45 days of the receipt of
recommendations.
• If the Authority disagrees with the
recommendations of the Appraisal
Committee, then reasons shall be
communicated to concerned Appraisal
Committee and applicant within 45 days
from the receipt of the
recommendations. The Appraisal
Committee concerned shall consider the
observations of the Authority and furnish
its views on the observations within
further period of 60 days.
• The Authority shall take a decision with
in the next 30 days based on the views of
Appraisal Committee.
• For this purpose, the decision of the
Appraisal Committee will be public
document, once the period specified
above for taking the decision by the
Authority is over.
In case of Category B projects, application
shall be received by the MemberFSecretary
of the SEIAA and clearance shall also be
issued by the same SEIAA.
Deliberate concealment and/or submission
of false or misleading information or data
which is material to screening or scoping or
appraisal or decision on the application shall
make the application liable for rejection, and
cancellation of prior environmental clearance
granted on that basis.
Rejection of an application or cancellation
of a prior environmental clearance already
granted, on such ground, shall be decided by
the regulatory authority, after giving a
personal hearing to the applicant, and
following the principles of natural justice.
20. If approved
• The MoEF concerned /SEIAA will issue an environmental clearance for the project.
• The project proponent should make sure that the award of environmental clearance is
properly publicized in at least two local newspapers of the district or state where the
proposed project is located.
• For instance, the executive summary of the environmental clearance may be published
in the newspaper along with the information about the location (website/office where it
is displayed for public) where the detailed environmental clearance is made available.
The MoEF and the SEIAA/UTEIAA, as the case may be, shall also place the environmental
clearance in the public domain on Government Portal.
• Further copies of the environmental clearance shall be endorsed to the Heads of local
bodies, Panchayats and Municipal bodies in addition to the relevant offices of the
Government
• The environmental clearance will be valid from the start date to actual commencement
of the production of the developmental activity.
• Usual validity period will be 5 years from the date of issuing environmental clearance,
unless specified by EAC/SEAC.
• A prior environmental clearance issued to a project proponent can be transferred to
another legal person entitled to undertake the project, upon application by the
transferor to the concerned Authority or submission of no-objection of the transferor by
the transferee to the concerned Authority for the concurrence. In this case, EAC/SEAC
concurrence is not required, but approval from the concerned authority is
• required to avail the same project configurations, validity period transferred to the new
legally entitled person to undertake the project.
21. Post Clearance Monitoring Protocol
• The MoEF, Government of India will monitor and
take appropriate action under the EP Act, 1986.
22. Post Clearance Monitoring Protocol
• Category A projects, it shall be mandatory for the
project proponent to make public the
environmental clearance granted for their project
along with the environmental conditions &
safeguards at their cost by advertising it at least in
two local newspapers of the district or State where
the project is located and in addition, this shall also
be displayed in the project proponent’s website
permanently.
• Category B projects, irrespective of its clearance
by MoEF/SEIAA, the project proponent shall
prominently advertise in the newspapers details of
MoEF website where it is displayed.
• The MoEF and the SEIAAs/UTEIAAs, as the case
may be, shall also place the environmental
clearance in the public domain on Government
Portal.
• Copies of the environmental clearance shall be
submitted by the project proponents to the Heads
of the local bodies, Panchayats and Municipal
bodies in addition to the relevant offices of the
Government who in turn have to display the same
for 30 days from the date of receipt.
• The project proponent must
submit half-yearly compliance
reports prior environmental
clearance terms and conditions
in hard and soft copies to the
regulatory authority concerned,
on 1st June and 1st December of
each calendar year.
• The latest such compliance report
shall also be displayed on the
website of the concerned
regulatory authority.
• The SPCB shall incorporate EIA
clearance conditions into consent
conditions in respect of Category
A and Category B projects and in
parallel monitor and enforce the
same.
23. Stage 1: Screening
• Only for Category B projects and activities to determine if they need EIA
• Category A projects compulsorily need EIA
• Scrutiny of an application seeking EC by SEAC for determining whether or not the
project or activity requires further environmental studies
– Form 1
– Form 1A
• Classify projects as B1 (require EIA) and B2 (don’t require EIA)
• For categorization of projects into B1 or B2, the MoEF shall issue appropriate
guidelines from time to time
24. Stage 2: Scoping
• Who does the scoping?
– Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) in the case of Category ‘A’ projects or activities
– State level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC) in the case of Category ‘B1’ projects
• Determine comprehensive Terms Of Reference (TOR) addressing all relevant environmental
concerns for preparation of an Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Report based on
– on the basis of the information furnished by applicant in the prescribed application
Form1/Form 1A including
– proposed by the applicant
– a site visit by a sub- group of EAC or SEAC only if considered necessary
• In the case of Category A Hydroelectric projects TOR shall be conveyed along with the
clearance for pre-construction activities
• If TOR not finalized and conveyed to the applicant within sixty days of the receipt of Form
1, TOR suggested by the applicant shall be deemed as the final TOR approved for the EIA
studies
• Approved TOR shall be displayed on the website of the MoEF or the concerned SEIAA
• Applications for EC may be rejected at this stage itself
– the decision together with reasons for the same shall be communicated to the
applicant
25. Stage 3: Public consultation
• Process by which the concerns of local affected
persons and others who have plausible stake in the
environmental impacts of the project or activity are
ascertained
• All Category ‘A’ and Category B1 projects or activities
shall undertake Public Consultation.
26. • Public hearing shall be conducted by
the State Pollution Control Board
(SPCB)
– forward proceedings to the regulatory
authority concerned within 45 days
– If not appoint another independent
organization to do the same within
another 45 days
• If the public agency nominated reports
that it is not possible to conduct the
public hearing in a manner which will
enable the views of the concerned
local persons to be freely expressed
– It shall report the facts in detail to the
concerned regulatory authority
– After due consideration of the report
shall rule that the public consultation in
the case need not include the public
hearing
Component 1: Public hearing Component 2: Responses from other
concerned persons
• Invite responses from such concerned
persons by placing on their website the
Summary EIA report
• Use media for ensuring wide publicity about
the project
• Within seven days of the receipt of a written
request for arranging the public hearing
• Confidential information including non-
disclosable or legally privileged information
involving Intellectual Property Right shall not
be placed on the website
• Make available on written request from any
concerned person the Draft EIA report for
inspection at a notified place during normal
office hours till the date of the public hearing
• All the responses received as part of this
public consultation process shall be
forwarded to the applicant through the
quickest available means
Stage 3: Public consultation(PC)
PC -shall ordinarily have two components
27. • Public Consultation shall ordinarily have two components
– public hearing at the site or in its close proximity-
district wise, to be carried out in the manner prescribed
in Appendix IV, for ascertaining concerns of local
affected persons
– obtain responses in writing from other concerned
persons having a plausible stake in the environmental
aspects of the project
Stage 3: Public consultation
After public consultation…
• Applicant shall address all environmental concerns
expressed during this process
• Make appropriate changes in the draft EIA
• Final EIA report shall be submitted by the applicant to the
28. Stage 4: Appraisal
• Detailed scrutiny by the EAC or SEAC of
– documents like the Final EIA report
– outcome of the public consultations including public hearing
proceedings
– submitted by the applicant to the regulatory authority
concerned for grant of environmental clearance
• Appraisal of all projects or activities which are not required to undergo public consultation,
or submit an Environment Impact Assessment report (Category B2) shall be carried out on
the basis
• prescribed application Form 1
• Form 1A
• any other relevant information
• EAC or SEAC shall
– shall recommend to the regulatory authority concerned
• either for grant of prior environmental clearance on stipulated terms and conditions
• or rejection of the application for prior environmental clearance, together with reasons for the same.
• Prescribed procedure for appraisal is given in Appendix V
29. Grant or Rejection of EC
• The regulatory authority shall consider the recommendations of the EAC or
SEAC concerned and convey its decision to the applicant
• The regulatory authority shall normally accept the recommendations of the
Expert Committees
• In cases where it disagrees with the recommendations of the Expert
Committee (Central or State), the regulatory authority shall request
reconsideration by the Central or State Expert Appraisal Committee
• After reconsideration, irrespective of views of Expert Committee, decision of
the regulatory authority concerned shall be final
30. • If decision not granted within stipulated time, the applicant may proceed as if
the environment clearance sought for has been granted or denied by the
regulatory authority in terms of the final recommendations of the Expert
Committee concerned
• Deliberate concealment and/or submission of false or misleading information
or data which is material to screening or scoping or appraisal or decision on
the application shall make the application liable for rejection
• Rejection of an application or cancellation of a prior environmental clearance
already granted shall be decided by the regulatory authority, after giving a
personal hearing to the applicant, and following the principles of natural
justice
Grant or Rejection of EC
31. Validity of Environmental Clearance
• Ten years in the case of River Valley projects
• Thirty years for mining projects
• Five years in the case of all other projects and
activities
• Area Development projects and Townships, the
validity period shall be limited only to such
activities as may be the responsibility of the
applicant as a developer
32. Post Environmental Clearance Monitoring
• Mandatory for the project management to
submit half-yearly compliance reports in
respect of the stipulated prior environmental
clearance terms
33. Loopholes and deficiencies
• Stage 1 - Screening
– Based on info (form 1, 1A) supplied by investor
– Pre-feasibility report and conceptual plan - no guidelines or
requirements, thereby no need to address environmental
issues
• Stage 2 - Scoping
– No public participation in scoping process - local knowledge
about what environmental concerns should be investigated is
not given consideration
– Strict timeline – not a continuous process
– Biased in securing favorable Terms of Reference (TOR) for
investors
– Access to TOR limited
34. • Stage 3 – Public consultation
– Unclear wording and definitions
• Can be avoided if regulatory agency
feels it difficult to conduct it owing
to local situation
• local affected persons having
plausible stake in impact of project
• Public consultation shall ordinarily
have two components
• Other concerned persons having
plausible stake shall submit
responses only in writing
• Hearing shall be conducted at the
site or in its close proximity
– No quorum required for holding public
consultation
– Huge list of exemptions for certain types
of projects that cause deep
environmental impact without
justification
• Weak wording that widens the
scope of these exemptions
– Tight timeline: 45 days from the time
requested by the investor
Cont… – Limiting access to information
• Only summary EIA report made
available, not the full EIA with
all TOR from the scoping
process
• Confidential information need
not be disclosed in summary EIA
– Publicity
• Use of internet as the main
means
• No definition on how publicity
should be carried out
– Erosion of constitution of panel
conducting public hearing
• EIA 2006 mentions only District
Magistrate and a representative
of SPCB
• EIA 1994 had District Collector,
representatives of state dealing
with the project, reps from
panchayats, senior citizens from
the area, reps of SPCB
35. • Stage4. Appraisal
– No public participation
– Arguments between regulatory authority and expert
committee made known only to investor and not to
public
– Iron hand given to regulatory authority to make final
decision – Expert committee opinion can be
disregarded
– Deemed Clearance: Incase decision is not given within
the prescribed timelines, applicant may proceed as
though clearance has been granted or denied
Cont…
36. Recent MO; Expert Appraisal Committees to meet twice a
month to fast track environmental clearance
• Experts slam government move, stating it
would short-change the importance of
appraisal and detailed scrutiny in the
environment clearance process.
• All Expert Appraisal Committees (EAC) for
granting Environmental Clearances (ECs)
under the Environment Impact Assessment
(EIA) notification, 2006, have to meet twice
every month now, to fast-track the process
of granting approvals.
• The decision was taken by the Union
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Change (MoEF&CC) on November 18,
through an Office Memorandum (OM) sent
to all EACs, State Environment Impact
Assessment Authorities and State Expert
Appraisal Committees.
“All EAC meetings shall be held at least twice a
month to cut down the period of EC approval.
There shall not be a gap of more than 15 days
between two EAC meetings,” the OM said.
The OM was a result of the review of the EC
process by the ministry.
“During the review meetings held for
streamlining the EC process, it has come to
notice that the grant of EC is delayed due to
various reasons that could be avoided,” the OM
added.
This deadline was 15 days earlier. Projects that
submit the information sought by the EAC even
two days before the meetings will have to be
appraised.
The OM also said that projects whose
proponents were absent in the meetings would
be considered in absentia by the EAC, with a
clarification sought from the proponent or the
consultant for the absence.