This document discusses different types of literature reviews, including narrative reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. A narrative review tells a story about a topic using evidence from literature to support the narrative, while systematic reviews and meta-analyses use more rigorous search strategies and inclusion criteria. Systematic reviews identify and summarize all studies on a topic, and meta-analyses combine statistical results across similar, high-quality studies to generate summary statistics. The key is selecting a narrow topic and conducting a thorough search and screening of the literature.
Study on report writing
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Study on report writing
Types of report:
Formal or Informal reports
Informational or Analytical reports
Proposal reports
Vertical or lateral reports
Internal or External reports
Periodic reports
The process of writing a literature review is an important skill to master and to help the researcher determine the best methodology to conduct the study.
Elsevier, the information analytics business specializing in science and health, and Wageningen University & Research announced today a collaboration using Elsevier’s analytical capabilities to detect the unethical addition of citations to scientific research papers. This first large-scale analysis of citation manipulation in journals is presented at the 17th International Conference on Scientometrics & Informetrics (ISSI), Rome.
Conference paper: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3339568
Press release: https://www.wur.nl/en/news-wur/Show/Elsevier-works-with-Wageningen-University-to-detect-and-prevent-citation-manipulation.htm
The process of writing a literature review is an important skill to master and to help the researcher determine the best methodology to conduct the study.
Elsevier, the information analytics business specializing in science and health, and Wageningen University & Research announced today a collaboration using Elsevier’s analytical capabilities to detect the unethical addition of citations to scientific research papers. This first large-scale analysis of citation manipulation in journals is presented at the 17th International Conference on Scientometrics & Informetrics (ISSI), Rome.
Conference paper: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3339568
Press release: https://www.wur.nl/en/news-wur/Show/Elsevier-works-with-Wageningen-University-to-detect-and-prevent-citation-manipulation.htm
Literature review vs Systematic review.pptxSyedaNidaEjaz
This presentation will give a complete overview of the Literature Review and Systematic Literature Review. One can use this presentation not only for preparing Literature Review as a whole but also for finding the difference between the two.
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3. Overview
A review article or meta-analysis carefully gathers all
prior publications on a specific topic and summarizes
them to provide a big-picture analysis.
Steps:
1.An extensive search of the literature
2.Extraction of key information from relevant articles
3.Clear and concise presentation of this information
4. Benefits
• A literature review is an effective way to become an
expert in the literature on a well-defined topic
• A literature review is a helpful step in preparing for
future primary or secondary analyses
• Review articles are often cited more often than
reports of individual field studies
5. Limitations
• Not all journals publish review articles (especially
reviews that the editors do not solicit)
• Reviews are sometimes perceived to be a less
rigorous form of research than projects that collect
new data and/or involve statistical analysis
6. Selecting a Topic
• The most important decision is to select a topic that is
narrow enough that all the relevant publications can
be acquired.
• The topic may need to be modified after a preliminary
search, depending on the number of articles available.
– 8 = too few → expand the scope
– 352 = too many → narrow the scope
7. Library Access
• The full text of every relevant article must be
identified and obtained.
• Check with a university librarian about the library’s
policies and the fees that may be charged for the use
of interlibrary loan services.
• Maintain a meticulous system for tracking articles
that have already been acquired, those that have been
requested but not yet received, and those that need to
be requested.
8. Narrative Reviews
• Narrative reviews tell a “story” about a well-defined
topic using evidence from the literature to support the
“plot”
• Narrative reviews must be carefully organized by
theme, methodology, chronology, or some other
guiding principle
• The absence of a systematic search strategy must be
justified by the researcher
9. Systematic Reviews
• Systematic reviews are designed to minimize the bias
that might occur when review article authors
handpick the articles they want to highlight
• After the identification of the study question, the
most important decision in a systematic review is the
selection of keywords and inclusion criteria
• The goal is to craft a search strategy that identifies all
the articles ever published on the narrow, well-
defined area covered by the review
10. Systematic Reviews
• Once the articles are identified from one or more
abstract databases, each article is screened to see
whether it is eligible for inclusion.
• Relevant information is extracted from all eligible
articles and presented in table form.
• Then the trends and key observations are
summarized.
11. Meta-Analysis
• The goal of a meta-analysis is to combine the results
of several high-quality articles that used similar
methods to collect and analyze data into one
summary statistic.
• Meta-analysis usually begins with a comprehensive
systematic review of the literature to identify every
single possibly relevant article.
12. Meta-Analysis
• The inclusion criteria for a meta-analysis are usually
more restrictive than they are for systematic reviews.
• These restrictions are important because a summary
statistic is only meaningful when every study
included in the meta-analysis has very similar
definitions for exposures and outcomes, similar study
designs and methods, and similar populations.
• Trying to combine dissimilar studies could hide real
and meaningful differences among populations.
13. Meta-Analysis
The steps of a meta-analysis are to:
•Conduct a systematic review
•Assess the quality and comparability of each eligible
study
•Extract statistical results from each study that meets all
inclusion criteria
•Combine these statistical results into one summary
statistic
14. FIGURE 7-1 Key Characteristics of
Reviews and Meta-Analyses