The document compares literature reviews and systematic literature reviews, highlighting their definitions, characteristics, and purposes. A literature review summarizes existing research without a specific question, while a systematic review follows a structured approach to answer a defined research question. Systematic reviews are considered more reliable due to their rigorous methodologies and efforts to minimize bias.

1. LITERATURE REVIEW
VS.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE
REVIEW
PRESENTED BY: SYEDA NIDA EJAZ

2. DEFINITION
• An organized written presentation of what has been published on a topic by
the scholars.
*(Burns and Grove, 2005)
• A literature review is an assessment of a body of research that addresses a
research question.
• An account of what has been published by accredited scholars and
researchers
*(Taylor, 2011)

4. 7-Steps
7-STEPS FOR WRITING REVIEW

5. CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD REVIEW
• A good review must be comprehensive
• Should include up-to-date references
• Should be systemic
• Should be reproducible
• Should be free from bias
• Should be well written
• Should include sums/graphs and tables
• Should be clearly searched and selected
• Should give accurate references

6. FACTORS AFFECTING THE REVIEW
• Researcher’s Background:
An experienced researcher finds it easy to prepare a review than a
beginner
• Complexity of the research project:
It is easy to collect reviews for simple and easy research projects
than for complex ones.
• Availability of resources:
Availability of resources e.g. computer, internet facility, and online +
offline journal subscription makes it easy to prepare a good review.
• Study Time Frame:
To conduct a relevant review-sufficient time is needed.

7. PURPOSE OF REVIEW
• It helps to identify what is already known about a research problem
• It helps to build on previous knowledge
• Many published researches contain “recommendations for future research”,
from which we can get ideas for a new research study.
• it is necessary to narrow down the actual problem
• It helps to identify comparative data so helps in the interpretation and
discussion of previous studies

8. SOURCES FOR REVIEW

9. TYPES OF REVIEWS
• Traditional/Narrative Review
• Systematic Literature Review
• Meta Analysis
• Meta Syntheses

10. TRADITIONAL/NARRATIVE REVIEW
This type “Critiques and Summarizes ” literature to draw
conclusions about a topic

11. SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
This method uses a more well-defined approach, mainly used for
making a complete list of all published and unpublished studies
relating to a specific topic

12. LITERATURE REVIEW VS SYSTEMATIC
LITERATURE REVIEW
Literature
Review
SL
R

13. DEFINITION
• Literature Review
is a summary of published research on a specific topic, which aims to give an overview of existing studies
and theories. It typically does not have a specific research question and is not limited to a specific study
design. It can be qualitative or quantitative.
• Systematic Review
is a type of literature review that follows a structured and systematic approach to identify, appraise, and
synthesize all relevant studies on a specific research question. It uses explicit methods to minimize bias
and provides a comprehensive summary of the available evidence. Systematic reviews are often used in
healthcare research to determine the effectiveness of a particular intervention or treatment. They are
considered to be of higher quality and more reliable than traditional literature reviews.

14. AIMS
• Literature Review
aims to review the existing literature, identify the research gap, place
the research study in relation to other studies, evaluate promising
research methods, and suggest further research.
• Systematic Review
aims to identify, review, and summarize the best available research on
a specific research question.

15. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
• Literature Review,
In it, a research question is formed after writing the literature review and identifying the
research gap.
• Systematic Review,
In it, a research question is formed at the beginning of the systematic review.

16. RESEARCH STUDY
• Literature Review
is an essential component of a research study and is done at the
beginning of the study.
• Systematic Review
is not followed by a separate research study.

17. OUTCOME
• Literature Review
provides a summary or overview.
• Systematic Review
answers focused questions.

18. SEARCHING FOR
EVIDENCE
• Literature Review
can be conducted even by a single person or depending upon the scope can be done as many as
required by the study.
• Systematic Review
requires more comprehensive efforts to locate evidence. Multiple databases are searched, each
with a specifically tailored search strategy. It often includes attempts to find data beyond typical
databases. Systematic reviewers might search conference abstracts or the websites of
professional associations or pharmaceutical companies, and they may contact study authors to
obtain additional or unpublished data. All of these extra steps reflect an attempt to minimize
bias in the summary of the evidence.

19. ASSESSING SEARCH
RESULTS
• Literature Review
In it, there is only a single reviewer. This can result in bias (even if it is unintentional)
and missed studies.
• Systematic Review
In it, the parameters for inclusion are established at the start of the project and applied
consistently to search results. Usually, such parameters take the form of PICOs
(population, intervention, comparison, outcomes). Reviewers hold search results against
strict criteria based on the PICOs to determine appropriateness for inclusion. Another
key component of a systematic review is a dual independent review of search results;
each search result is reviewed by at least two people independently.

20. TIME DURATION
• Literature Review
can be completed in weeks’ time or can take up to a few months.
• Systematic Review
takes up to months or even years for its completion.

21. PROTOCOLS
• Literature Review
doesn’t need any specific protocol to be followed.
• Systematic Review
starts with a set of pre-defined protocols. These protocols are set
before the start of the review to avoid any sort of biases.

22. SEARCH STRATEGY
• Literature Review
In it, one or more relevant database(s) is/are searched.
• Systematic Review
In it, all relevant databases and grey literature is searched using the
repeatable reported methodology.

23. REFERENCES
• https://library.soton.ac.uk/systematic-reviews
• https://pediaa.com/difference-between-literature-review-
and-systematic-review/
• https://www.slideshare.net/EnochSnowden/review-of-
literature-125722112?from_action=save
• 5 differences between a systematic review and other types of
literature review | Venebio