8051 timer and counter 1
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The document compares microprocessors and microcontrollers. Microprocessors have separate CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O, and timers, while microcontrollers have these components integrated onto a single chip. Microcontrollers are cheaper and use less power and space than microprocessors, making them better suited for applications where these factors are important. The document also describes different timer modes for microcontrollers, including 13-bit, 16-bit, auto-reload, and non-interrupt modes.
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The document discusses the architecture and features of the 8051 microcontroller. It describes the 8051 as a single-chip computer containing CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O ports and other peripherals. The key components of the 8051 include the CPU, on-chip RAM and ROM, four I/O ports, two timers, serial port and interrupt control. It also outlines the registers of the 8051 like the accumulator, program status word, stack pointer, program counter, and data pointer. The document provides details on the memory organization, including the on-chip and off-chip memory.
MICROPROCESSOR VS MICROCONTROLLER
1) The document discusses the differences between microprocessors and microcontrollers.
2) A microcontroller integrates a microprocessor, memory, and input/output ports onto a single chip to make it suitable for applications where cost, power and space are critical constraints.
3) In contrast, a microprocessor-based system has the CPU, memory, and I/O components separated, allowing for more flexibility but also greater expense, higher power consumption, and larger size.
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8051 microcontroller and embedded training (sahil gupta 9068557926)
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MECHATRONICS-UNIT 4-PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER .ppt
MECHATRONICS-UNIT 4-PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER .ppt
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Rdt
An RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) is a device used to measure temperature by correlating its electrical resistance with temperature. RTDs are made of metal such as platinum, copper, or nickel that change resistance predictably with temperature. They provide a very accurate means of temperature measurement and are commonly used in industrial processes and scientific applications.
Pic microcontroller architecture
The PIC microcontroller uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memories. It has a CPU with an ALU, memory unit, and control unit. The memory includes program memory to store instructions, data memory including registers for temporary data storage, and EEPROM for storing variables. It has advantages like a small instruction set, low cost, and built-in interfaces like I2C, SPI, and analog components.
Part family
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Key board interfacing with 8051
A 4x4 matrix keypad can be interfaced with an 8051 microcontroller to detect key presses. The rows of the keypad are connected to output port pins on the microcontroller, which are set high or low to scan each row. The columns are connected to input port pins, which the microcontroller reads to detect a low value, indicating a key press. By scanning each row and detecting the low column, the microcontroller can identify the specific key pressed. The document provides a circuit diagram and pin assignments for interfacing a 4x4 keypad with an 8051 development board to allow scanning and detecting keys.
Fms
Conventional manufacturing consisted of either job shops capable of variety but high cost, or transfer lines for high volume but limited to 1-2 parts. A flexible manufacturing system (FMS) integrates multiple machines via automated material handling controlled by a computer to manufacture various products. A manufacturing cell typically consists of 2-3 CNC machines plus a handling system. An FMS provides flexibility in machine functions, production, product mixing, routing, volumes and expansion through computer control of workstations, material storage and movement, and production monitoring. Reasons to implement FMS include increased efficiency and responsiveness compared to conventional systems. Careful planning is required to implement FMS successfully.
Coding
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
8051 block diagram
Microcontrollers are small computers that integrate RAM, ROM, I/O ports and other components onto a single chip. They are used in applications where cost, power and space are critical. The document compares microprocessors and microcontrollers, noting that microcontrollers have all components on one chip while microprocessors have separate chips. It then describes the typical internal blocks of a microcontroller, including the CPU, memory, I/O ports, timers and serial ports. Block diagrams show the connections between these internal components.
Rotameter
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Pmmc instruments
The document describes the parts, construction, and working of a permanent magnet moving coil instrument. The key components are a permanent magnet, rectangular coil mounted on an aluminum former, hairsprings for control, and an aluminum cylindrical core. The coil moves in the magnetic field and an imbalance in flux density exerts a force on the coil. Advantages include low power consumption, high accuracy, and efficient damping. Disadvantages include only working with DC and higher cost compared to moving iron instruments.
Pic microcontroller architecture
The PIC microcontroller uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data memories. It has a CPU with an ALU, memory unit, and control unit. The memory includes program memory to store instructions, data memory including registers for temporary data storage, and EEPROM for storing variables. It has advantages like a small instruction set, low cost, and built-in interfaces like I2C, SPI, and analog components.
Optical torsion meter
An optical torsion meter measures torque on a shaft by using optical means to detect the angular twist between ends of the shaft. It has a shaft with castings at each end connected by a tension strip. Mirrors on the castings reflect a light beam through an optical system onto a calibrated scale. When torque is applied, the castings twist relative to each other, changing the mirror angles and deflecting the light beam. The amount of light beam deflection indicates the shaft's angle of twist and thereby the amount of torque. Optical torsion meters are used to measure torque in steam turbines and internal combustion engines.
op amp
The document discusses operation amplifiers (op-amps) and their uses in different circuit configurations. It describes op-amps being used as:
1) Inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, where the inverting amplifier inverts the input signal and the non-inverting amplifier does not invert it.
2) A summing amplifier, which sums multiple input signals.
3) An integrator, which integrates the input signal over time by using a feedback capacitor instead of resistor.
4) A differentiator, which differentiates the input signal by using an input capacitor instead of resistor.
Ic 555 timer as astable
This document summarizes the operation of an astable multivibrator circuit using a 555 timer integrated circuit. The circuit consists of two comparators, three 5k ohm resistors, and a 0.01uF capacitor. It generates a square wave output without needing an external trigger, with the high and low times determined by the resistor and capacitor values. The duty cycle of the output wave is calculated as the charge time divided by the total period. Key advantages are its simple operation, low external component count, and perfect square wave output, though the duty cycle is limited to above 50%.
Hydraulics circuits
A counterbalance valve is used to prevent uncontrolled downward motion of a heavy platen in a press. It works by creating an opposing hydraulic force when pressure drops below a set point. Using a counterbalance valve also prevents cavitation in the pump by limiting the speed of the platen. Sequence valves are used in another circuit to control the sequential operation of two cylinders when a directional control valve is shifted.
Friction
This document defines friction and its types, including static and dynamic friction. It discusses limiting friction force, normal reaction force, and coefficient of friction. It provides the laws of static and dynamic friction. Key concepts covered are that friction opposes motion, static friction is when bodies are at rest while dynamic friction occurs when in motion, and coefficient of friction is the ratio of limiting friction force to normal reaction force.
Basic principles of pneumatics
1. Boyle's law states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at constant temperature. It can be expressed as pv = constant, where p is pressure, v is volume, and the constant depends on temperature and amount of gas.
2. Charles's law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is kept constant. It can be expressed as V/T = constant, where V is volume and T is temperature in Kelvin.
3. Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when volume is kept constant. It can be expressed as P/T = constant, where P is pressure and
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8051 timer and counter 1
- 2. 2 Microprocessor vs Microcontroller Microprocessor • CPU is stand-alone, RAM, ROM, I/O, timer are separate • designer can decide on the amount of ROM, RAM and I/O ports. • expensive • versatility • general-purpose Microcontroller • CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and timer are all on a single chip • fix amount of on-chip ROM, RAM, I/O ports • for applications in which cost, power and space are critical • single-purpose
- 5. TMOD-Timer Mode Control SFR
- 7. Timer Modes of Operation Timer Mode 0 Timer Mode 1 Timer Mode 2 Timer Mode 3 Timer Mode 0: 13 Bit Timer/Counter THx - 8 bit Register and TLx – 5 bit Register
- 8. Timer Mode 1: 16 Bit Timer / counter TMOD = 01b The Timer Flag would be set in 1311 seconds using a 6 MHz Crystal Timer Mode 2: This mode exhibits auto reload feature
- 9. Timer Mode 3 Timer 1 can still be used but interrupt feature can not be used