The document describes several microcontrollers from Atmel Corporation, including the ATmega8, ATmega16, and MCS-96. It provides details on the features and specifications of each microcontroller, such as their CPU architecture, memory, peripherals, I/O ports, analog-to-digital converters, timers, and power consumption. The ATmega8 and ATmega16 are 8-bit AVR microcontrollers with various memory sizes and peripheral options, while the MCS-96 is a 16-bit microcontroller used in embedded systems with on-chip RAM and various timers, interrupts, and I/O capabilities.

1. Submitted by
Sourabh Maheshwari[1RV10EE050]
Sumanth Pareekshit[1RV10EE051]
Sunil Fernandes[1RV10EE052]
Suraj k[1RV10EE053]

2. • Atmel Corporation is an American
manufacturer of semiconductors, founded in
1984. Its focus is on system-level solutions
built around flash microcontrollers.
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8051 Microcontrollers
ATTiny Microcontrollers
ATMega Microcontrollers
ATXMega Microcontrollers
USB Microcontrollers

3. ATMEGA 8
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Features of ATMEGA 8
• High-performance, Low-power Atmel®AVR® 8-bit Microcontroller
• Advanced RISC Architecture
– 130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single-clock Cycle Execution
– 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
– Fully Static Operation
– Up to 16MIPS Throughput at 16MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
• High Endurance Non-volatile Memory segments
– 8KBytes of In-System Self-programmable Flash program memory
– 512Bytes EEPROM
– 1KByte Internal SRAM
– Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash/100,000 EEPROM
– Data retention: 20 years at 85°C/100 years at 25°C(1)
– Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits

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• In-System Programming by On-chip Boot Program
• True Read-While-Write Operation
– Programming Lock for Software Security
• Peripheral Features
– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, one Compare Mode
– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture
Mode
– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– Three PWM Channels
– 8-channel ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package
• Eight Channels 10-bit Accuracy
– 6-channel ADC in PDIP package
• Six Channels 10-bit Accuracy
– Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
– Programmable Serial USART
– Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
– On-chip Analog Comparator

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• Special Microcontroller Features
– Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
– Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator
– External and Internal Interrupt Sources
– Five Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down, and
Standby
• I/O and Packages
– 23 Programmable I/O Lines
– 28-lead PDIP, 32-lead TQFP, and 32-pad QFN/MLF
• Operating Voltages
– 2.7 - 5.5V
– 0 - 16MHz
• Power Consumption at 4MHz, 3V, 25°C
– Active: 3.6mA
– Idle Mode: 1.0mA
– Power-down Mode: 0.5μA

6. Features ATMEGA16
High-performance, Low-power AVR 8-bit Microcontroller
Advanced RISC Architecture
- 131 Powerful Instructions - Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
- 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
- Up to 6 MIPS Throughput at 16MHz
- Fully Static Operation
- On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
Nonvolatile Program and Data Memories
- 16k Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash
- Optional Boot Code Section with Independent Lock Bits
- 512K Bytes EEPROM
- Programming Lock for Software Security
JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 Compliant) Interface
- Boundary-scan Capabilities According to the JTAG Standard
- Extensive On-chip Debug Support
- Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and Lock Bits through the JAGS Interface

7. Features ATMEGA16 (contd..)
Peripheral Features
- On-chip Analog Comparator
- Programmable Watchdog Timer with Seperate On-chip Oscillator
- Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
- Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalar, Compare
- One 16-bit TImer/Counter with Seperate Prescaler, Compare and
Capture mode
- Real TIme Counter with Seperate Oscillator
- Four PWM Channels
- 8-channel, 10-bit ADC
- Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
- Programmable Serial USART
Special Mircocontroller Features
- Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
- Internal Calibrated RC Oscillator
- External and Internal Interrupt Sources
- Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Powerdown, Standby, and Extended Standby

8. Features ATMEGA16 (contd..)
I/O and Packages
- 32 Programmable I/O Lines
- 40-pin PDIP, 44-lead TQFP, and 44-pad MLF
Operating Voltages
- 4.5-5.5V for ATmega16
Speed Grades
- 0-16 MHz for ATmega16
Power Consumption at 4 Mhz, 3V, 35 °C
- Active: 1.1mA
- Idle Mode: 0.35mA
- Power-down Mode: < 1µA
The ATmega16 is a low-power CMOS 8-bit microcontroller based on the AVR enhanced
RISC architecture. By executing powerful instructions in a single clock cycle, the
ATmega16 achieves throughputs approaching 1 MIPS per MHz allowing the system
designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.

9. ATMEGA 16
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High-performance, Low-power AVR 8-bit Microcontroller
Advanced RISC Architecture
- 131 Powerful Instructions - Most Single Clock Cycle Execution
- 32 x 8 General Purpose Working Registers
- Up to 6 MIPS Throughput at 16MHz
- Fully Static Operation
- On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
Nonvolatile Program and Data Memories
- 16k Bytes of In-System Self-Programmable Flash
- 512K Bytes EEPROM
- Programming Lock for Software Security Interface
- Programming of Flash, EEPROM, Fuses, and Lock Bits through the JAGS Interface
Peripheral Features
- On-chip Analog Comparator
- Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
- Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescalar, Compare
- One 16-bit TImer/Counter with Seperate Prescaler, Compare and Capture mode
- Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
- Programmable Serial USART

10. • Special Mircocontroller Features
- Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection
- External and Internal Interrupt Sources
- Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-save, Power-down,
Standby, and Extended Standby
• I/O and Packages
- 32 Programmable I/O Lines
- 40-pin PDIP, 44-lead TQFP, and 44-pad MLF
• Operating Voltages
- 4.5-5.5V for ATmega16
• Speed Grades
- 0-16 MHz for ATmega16
• Power Consumption at 4 Mhz, 3V, 35 °C
- Active: 1.1mA
- Idle Mode: 0.35mA
- Power-down Mode: < 1µA

11. MCS -96
• The mcs-96 is a family of microcontrollers (MCU) commonly used in
embedded systems. The family is often referred to as 8xC196 family.
These MCU’s are commonly used in hdd, modems, printers.
• The MSC-96 family members are all high performance microcontroller
with a 16 bit CPU and atleast 230 bytes of on-chip RAM.
• CPU :The major components of the MCS-96 CPU are the Register File and
the Register / Arithmetic Logic Unit (RALU). The RALU contains a 17bit
ALU, the program status word (PSW), the program Counter (PC), a loop
counter and three temporary registers.
• Interrupts – There are 21 interrupts sources and 8 interrupt vector on the
8096. When the interrupt controller detects one of the 8 interrupts it sets
the corresponding bit in the interrupt pending register. Individual
interrupts are enabled or disabled by setting or clearing bits in the
interrupt mask register.

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Timers – The 8096 has two 16 bit timers. Timer 1 and Timer 2.
Standard I/O Ports
The 8096 has five 8 bit I/O ports.
Port 0 is an input port that is also the analog input for the A/D
converter.
Port 1 is a quasi-bidirectional port.
Port 2 contains three types of port lines.
Quasi-Bidirectional, input and output. Other functions on the 8096
share the input and output lines with Port 2.
Port 3 and 4 are open-drain bidirectional ports that share their pins
with the address/data bus.
High Speed Input Unit (HSI)
The 8096 HIS unit can record times of external events with a 9 state
time resolution. It can monitor four independently configurable HSI
lines and captures the value of timer 1 when events takes place.

13. • High Speed Output Unit (HSO)– The 8096 HSO unit can trigger
events at specified times based on Timer1 or Timer2.
• These programmable events include: starting an A/D conversion,
resetting Timer2, generating upto four software time delays, and
setting or clearing one or more of the six HSO output lines.
• Serial Port– The serial port on the 8096 has one synchronous
(Mode 0) and three asynchronous modes (Modes 1, 2 and 3).
• The asynchronous modes are full duplex..
• Pulse Width Modulator (PWM) – The PWM output waveform is a
variable duty cycle pulse that repeats every 256 state times. The
PWM output can perform digital to analog
• conversions and drive several types of motors that require a PWM
waveform for more efficient operation.
• A/D Converter– The 8096 A/D converts an analog input to a 10 bit
digital equivalent.
• The main components of the A/D Converter are: 8 analog inputs,
an 8 to 1 multiplexer, a sample and hold capacitor and resistor
ladder.