8. f2015 Protectorate and Readmission of Jews
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Jews are readmitted to England after their expulsion in 1290 by Edward I. They are not granted official status but develop a community.
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John J. Keane and other forgotten sporting heroes of Limerick’s past
John J. Keane and other forgotten sporting heroes of Limerick's past were the topic of an illustrated lecture given by Dr. Cyril White. The lecture highlighted several athletes from Limerick in the early 20th century such as John Joseph Keane, an Olympic silver medalist in 1924, as well as footballers, swimmers, and athletes who made notable contributions to Irish sports but whose achievements are not widely known today. The lecture used images to bring these historical sporting figures from Limerick to light.
11. .F2011 Villas in the countryside
Villas were rural houses owned by wealthy Romans, either for luxury living or productive farming. Villages consisted of multiple farms. A typical Roman farm had fields for crops and vegetables, orchards, livestock pens, and a roundhouse dwelling that evolved over time into a rectangular stone house. Wall paintings, mosaics, and baths decorated villas. However, most villas were abandoned after 350 AD and not reused, having been burnt, destroyed, or left to ruin.
10 f2015 Great London Fire 1666
The Great London file and the effort to rebuild the city using new architecture. The development of responses to prevent a reoccurrence.
1 F2012 After the Romans; The Saxon Advent
The changes that occur immediately before and after the break with Rome in 410. Genetic evidence and the Saxon Advent into England.
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13 f2015 Science and Invention in Restoration England
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7 f2015 Mercantiism, the Commonwealth Navy, and War
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John J. Keane and other forgotten sporting heroes of Limerick’s past
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English Civil War
The English Civil War and Glorious Revolution weakened the power of the monarchy and strengthened Parliament. Charles I tried to rule without Parliament's consent, angering them. This led to the English Civil War where Parliamentarians defeated royalists. Charles I was executed and England became a republic led by Cromwell. Dissatisfaction grew and the monarchy was restored in 1660 with Charles II, but James II's Catholicism threatened the Protestant succession. William and Mary took the throne in the bloodless Glorious Revolution of 1688, establishing constitutional monarchy and Parliament's supremacy over the monarch.
World History Ch. 18 Section 3 Notes
1) The document discusses how the relationship between the English monarchy and Parliament evolved over time, from the Tudors working with Parliament to the civil war that weakened the monarchy's power.
2) It then describes how the Stuarts struggled with Parliament's attempts to limit the monarch's absolute power, leading to the English Civil War and the execution of Charles I.
3) After the restoration of the monarchy, Parliament imposed further conditions that established England as a constitutional monarchy, with the monarch's power constrained by law.
Who is this man
Philip III's pacifist policies led to peace treaties, but the Twelve Years Truce with the Netherlands was very expensive. He expelled the Moriscos in 1609, deporting 275,000 people and ruining many regions. Philip IV left government responsibilities to the Count-Duke of Olivares, whose foreign and domestic policies were unpopular and led to revolts in Catalonia and Portugal declaring independence. The Thirty Years War ended Spanish supremacy in Europe with the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia. Charles II was ill and unable to rule effectively, starting a civil war over succession without an heir.
Stuarts (1603 1714)
The Stuart monarchs from James I onwards quarreled frequently with Parliament, resulting in civil war. The only English king ever tried and executed was Charles I, a Stuart. This led to a republic led by Oliver Cromwell, which proved unsuccessful. The dead king's son Charles II was invited to return as monarch, but constitutional issues around Parliament's powers continued under James II, leading to the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and William and Mary becoming joint monarchs on the condition they accept Parliamentary supremacy.
Restoration 2013
The document summarizes key events during the English Restoration period from 1660 to 1688. It discusses the return of the monarchy under Charles II after the Puritan rule of Oliver Cromwell. Though Charles II promised religious tolerance, the Clarendon Code imposed restrictions on non-Anglicans. Tensions increased under James II over his Catholicism, leading to the Glorious Revolution and replacement of James II by his daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange in 1688.
1798 rebellion
The document summarizes the events leading up to and during the 1798 Irish Rebellion against British rule. It discusses the penal laws that discriminated against Catholics and Presbyterians, restricting their rights. Dissatisfaction grew as the British parliament had control over Ireland's laws and trade. The United Irishmen, led by Theobald Wolfe Tone, sought independence and reform. Their uprising began in 1798 but was defeated by the British army. The French attempted to help the rebels by sending troops, but they arrived too late and were also defeated, ending the rebellion.
IRELAND INTO THE 18th CENTURY
This document summarizes the religious and political context in Ireland from the 18th century. It outlines the four main religious communities in Ireland and key events like the 1641 rebellion and Cromwell's conquest of Ireland. It discusses the penal laws passed from 1692-1705 that disenfranchised Catholics and ensured the dominance of the Protestant Church of Ireland. The laws banned Catholic education, clergy, land ownership and limited their rights with the goal of rendering Catholics harmless in a predominantly Protestant-controlled Ireland.
His 102 ch 15 (2018)
This document summarizes key aspects of absolutism in Europe between 1660-1789. It describes the political theory of absolutism and how rulers like Louis XIV of France centralized power. It discusses enlightened absolutism under monarchs like Maria Theresa of Austria and Catherine the Great of Russia who balanced absolutism with support for education and the merchant class. War was used by these empires to consolidate power and increase their territories, shifting the balance of power in Europe. Colonialism and slavery developed under mercantilism to maximize profits for the mother countries.
Teacher Notes MODULE 2.pptx
The document provides an overview of the American colonies, including:
- England establishes 13 colonies in North America after forcing out the Dutch.
- The first permanent English settlement is founded at Jamestown, Virginia in 1607. The colonists struggled at first but tobacco cultivation helped the colony flourish.
- Other colonies were established throughout the 1600s, including colonies founded by Puritans, Dutch, Quakers, and others in different regions for varying religious and economic reasons. By 1752 there were 13 British colonies in North America.
5 f2015 English civil wars - Bishops war, Ireland
Some of the preliminary phases of the English Civil wars which lead to the fall of Charles I. The attempt to impose the Book of Common Prayer on Scotland leads to protests. In the north there is the Bishops' wars, in Ireland an uprising that is brutally suppressed. In England Parliaments protest the actions of Charles and are dismissed. Charles and Parliament raise militias
Age of revolutions
The document summarizes the key causes of the American Revolution, including the French and Indian War, the Proclamation of 1763, taxation acts like the Stamp Act and Townshend Acts, and events like the Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party. These events increased tensions between the colonists and British and ultimately led the colonists to declare independence and start the Revolutionary War.
Soc studies #11 life in the english colonies
The document summarizes various aspects of life in the English colonies, including:
1) Colonial governments were run by governors appointed by the English monarch or proprietors, with elected assemblies or town meetings.
2) Trade between the colonies and England followed a triangular pattern and was regulated by navigation acts, angering colonists.
3) Conflicts between the French and British for control of North America led to the French and Indian War, ending French power in North America.
The Glorious Revolution; England's Bloodless Coup
The document discusses the events surrounding the Glorious Revolution in 1688, when William of Orange overthrew King James II of England. It summarizes that James II faced opposition from Protestants due to his Catholic leanings and attempts to establish Catholicism in England. When James had his son with his Catholic wife and it appeared there would be a Catholic dynasty, William of Orange was called to intervene by English Protestants and nobles. William landed in England and James fled. William and Mary were then crowned as joint monarchs, and a new English Bill of Rights was drafted that established limits on royal power and enshrined rights for Protestants.
Us history # 5
This document discusses the politics of empire and colonization between 1550-1750. Specifically, it outlines the competition between European powers like England, Spain, France, and the Netherlands for control of colonies and trade in the New World. This led to a series of wars throughout the 16th-17th-18th centuries as these countries sought to monopolize land, resources, peoples and trade in the Americas and globally. It also discusses the English conquest and colonization of Ireland and how that model was applied in British colonies in North America and the Caribbean.
Imperialism
Imperialism allowed European powers to conquer foreign lands and control their resources for economic, political, and cultural reasons. Advances in technology like steamships, railroads, canals, weaponry, and communication gave Europeans military and logistical advantages over other regions. Between the late 1800s-early 1900s, Europeans colonized most of Asia, Africa, Oceania, and parts of North and South America. The consequences of imperialism included fostering economic dependence, large-scale migration, conflicts with indigenous groups, the rise of scientific racism, and challenges to colonial rule.
(16.3) absolutism parliament triumphs in england
The British Parliament asserted its rights against royal claims of absolute power in the 1600s in three key ways: (1) by attempting to share power with monarchs under Elizabeth I and challenging kings like James I and Charles I; (2) by waging the English Civil War and establishing the Commonwealth under Oliver Cromwell's leadership; and (3) by instituting the English Bill of Rights after the Glorious Revolution, which created a constitutional limited monarchy.
English Renaissance Slideshow
The English Renaissance lasted from 1485-1660. It began later in England than in Italy due to political instability. It was sparked by the rise of the Tudor dynasty under Henry VII and Henry VIII. Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church had lasting consequences and led England to increasingly embrace Protestantism under Edward VI and Elizabeth I. Conflicts over religion and power continued under the Stuart dynasty and resulted in a civil war and the execution of Charles I.
The French Revolution - AS Level History
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- Fall of the Jacobins
- Rise of the Directory
- Napoleon Bonaparte
The irish home rule
The document discusses the history of the Irish Home Rule movement from the late 19th century through World War 1. It covers the political parties that supported and opposed Home Rule, the resistance in Ulster, various Home Rule bills proposed, and the impact of events like the Easter Rising of 1916. Key figures and groups discussed include Charles Stewart Parnell, William Gladstone, the Irish Nationalist Party led by John Redmond, the Ulster Unionist Party led by Edward Carson, and the nationalist Sinn Fein party.
2 Constitutional Monarchy.pptx
After Kamehameha I's death, the Hawaiian Kingdom transitioned to a constitutional monarchy under Kamehameha III. Missionaries arrived in 1820 and greatly influenced the Kingdom, establishing the first schools which emphasized literacy and Christianity. By the 1840s, a written constitution was adopted which established three branches of government, and land ownership laws like the Great Mahele and Kuleana Act were enacted, distributing land but also allowing its sale to foreign interests. In 1843, the Kingdom briefly came under British rule after Lord George Paulet threatened to seize Hawaii for Britain, but the US and UK later recognized Hawaii's independence.
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13 The Raj Independence and Partition
The curator of the Imperial Secretariat Library tries to evenly divide its 150,000 volume collection between the new states emerging from the partition of British India. The partition led to the division of collections and archives between India and Pakistan.
12 The Raj -Burma campaign and Bengal famine
The Burma campaign was almost entirely the work of the British Indian Army. The success in driving Japanese troops from Burma is attributed to the efforts of General William Slim. He used Dakota planes to support troop movements and proceeded even in the monsoon season. Different approaches to the campaign were conducted by US General 'Vinegar Joe' Stillwell and British General Orde Wingate.
9 The Raj Rowlatt, Amritsar and Non Cooperation
The Raj continues wartime measure through the Rowlatt Act. Protests result. A peaceful gathering at Amritsar is massacred by General Dyer. Dyer is removed from his post. is treatment is brought to Parliament where he is praised by Lords but the dismissal is upheld by Commons after a speech by Churchill. Gandhi uses satyagraha in labor disputes but extends this to non-cooperation with the raj. He is arrested but soon released. Congress becomes a larger force among the Indian public.
8 The Raj India in World War i
The presentation begins with a look at the role of Indians in England. Many serve in the shipping industry as lascars and some remain in England, primarily in the Docklands section of London. Recently noted is Queen Victoria's munshi, Abdul This presentation then looks at the contribution of India to the Great War (World War I). The opinions of sepoys are known from letters transcribed by censors. The army served on the Western Front, in East Africa, Mesopotamia, the Suez and was a component at Gallipoli Some opposition to the war came from expatriates in Canada and the US. Others gave support but agitated for home rule. Gandhi supported the ambulance corps and recruiting. The war resulted in an increase in industrial produciton.
7 The Raj - Imperial Architecture -Art and Nationalism
This presentation looks at building built by the Raj and Raj-supported princes in the late 19th century. Havell makes a case for including Indian elements in public buildings while others advocate using architecture associated with imperial power in Europe. Indian painters evolve from artists who use the motifs of western art to those who look to traditional art
6 The Raj - Swadeshi before Gandhi
After a brief look at the jubilees celebrated in India the presentation looks at the proposed 1905 Bengal partition and its consequences. Partition is justified by administrative concerns but the partition map effects religious differences and a policy of divide and rule. Muslims in Bengal support the partition but the Indian National Congress opposes it.The reaction is to combine support of native industry with boycott of foreign goods. Opponents divide into moderates who support just these efforts . and extremists who advocate swaraj or self-rule. The Raj counters with the Minto-Morley reforms which give a small increase in local self-government. In 1911 the partition is repealed
6 The Raj - Indentured Indian Labor in South Africa
A look at the Indian diaspora in South Africa where indentured labor predominates but there are formeer indentured laborers who have small businesses and merchants or 'passenger' Indians' who have paid there own way. Gandhi goes to South Africa as lawyer for a merchant but encounters the plight of indentured labor. He develops the technique fo satyagraha to protest discrimination against Indians.
5 The Raj Political. Social and Religious Reform and Women
The Indian National Congress makes moderate demands for political reforms. The British make laws or attempt to make laws dealing with practices that some identify with religious traditions and others fee it is up to Indians to address. Some measures that are considered suppressive of free speech and participation in the system are. overturned. Particularly troublesome is the question whether Indians can sit on juries that try British citizens.
4 The Raj - Nationalism & Reform
The rise of Indian nationalism in the late 19th century is a combination of rising Indian identity but also Hindu and Muslim identity. At Ayodha they come into conflict. A limited self-governance is offered through the 1892 Councils Act. Education is expanded particularly high education.
3 The Raj - Caste and the British
The use of caste by the British in terms of their remake of the army. Caste as a census. A look at caste from historic, linguistic and genetic point of view.
2 The Raj: Government and Economy
The changes that take place in India after the areas administered by the East India Company are assumed by the Crown. The army is restructured in an attempt to prevent future mutinies. A series of famines occurs and question arise about how to prevent or lessen their impact.
11 The Raj: India late 30s to world war 2
The Government of India Act of 1935 and discontent. The entrance of India into World War 2 and the resulting disaffection of the Indian National Congress, the opposition of the Indian Antional Army and the support of over 2 million volunteers. The Indian Army is crucial in East Africa and the Middle East and of great support in North Africa and Italy. A look at the summer capital of Simla.
10 The Raj: Salt march and purna swaraj
The Indian Army after the Great War. The consequences of the swadeshi movement. Move of the capitol to New Delhi. Congress rejects the reformed government proposed by the Simon Commission. Round table conferences to try to reconcile differences. Salt Satyagraha led by Gandhi to try to obtain concessions.
1 The Raj India and Britain 1857
India and the "Sepoy Revolt" of 1857. Comparison fo India and UK in 1857. The army in India before and after the revolt.
3 England & India Before the Raj: New Products, New Militarism
The East India Company must accommodate to changing regimes in Britain. Its product create changing tastes: tea, cotton cloths and diamonds. A look at Company officials who get rich on diamonds.
5 England & India Before the Raj; Controlling Indian territory
The East India Company must now administer the territory where it has obtained revenue rights. The Company is under increased scrutiny and a hearing is held on Clive and his vast gains. Parliament attempts to have an influence in this administration.
A governor-general, Warren Hastings is sent to lead the three divisions of presidencies.
War continues in the south with conflicts between Mysore and its neighbors. After France enters on the side of revolting American colonists, the conflict again spills over into India. A technological advance is the sue fo improved rockets by Mysore
We also look at working conditions for civilian employees in India.
4 England and India Before the Raj: From Commercial to Military Power
This is the time of Clive.
The decline of the Mughal Empire leads to the development of regional powers.
In the Carnatic conflicts between these powers offer opportunities for expansion of East India Company influence. In this they come into conflict with the French and European and North American Wars (Austrian Succession, Seven Years) involve an Indian theater.
In Bengal rights granted by a weak Mughal Emperor are abused. A new leader, nawab, of Bengal attempts to check these abuses. He attacks Calcutta but a counterattack at the Battle of Plassey results in a puppet nawab. He too grows weary of abuses and demands and at Buxar is defeated. The Emperor then grants the Company revenue rights in Bengal and neighboring areas.
Financial difficulties result in a British bailout with restrictions. The Company is allowed to send tea to North America with a lower tariff but it is rejected. The American Revolution results.
The use of European trained native Indian troops (sepoys) begins
4 f2015 Stuart Theatre - Masques
Court entertainment in the reigns of James I and Charles I. The elaboration of set design and the participation of court personnel in the productions.
2 f2015 James I
James I faced several problems as king, including unrest among commoners, difficulties with foreign relations, and ongoing religious disputes. His lavish spending led to growing debt and conflicts with Parliament over financing the monarchy. James struggled to balance the demands of Puritans within the Church of England with more traditional religious practices, and some Puritans eventually separated entirely, with some migrating to America. Living standards were declining for most commoners in this period.
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The transition from Elizabeth to James I and problems during the early part of the reign. Position of England in 1600. The Gunpowder and other plots
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8. f2015 Protectorate and Readmission of Jews
- 2. Reaction to Protectorate • Minority support for Republic • Republican opposition - dismissal of the Rump Parliament; Military dictatorship • Military opposition • Failure to pay military • Religious opposition
- 3. Government of the Protectorate • Instrument of Government changes voting from 40s (£2) freehold to real or personal estate of £200 • English desire for monarchy – Offer of crown to Cromwell which he refused
- 4. Jews Return to England • Menasseh ben Israel (1604–1657) – Son of Portuguese Marranos – Moved to Madeira and then Amsterdam – Ran Hebrew press – Teacher of Spinoza
- 5. Menasseh Menasseh ben Israel, Rembrandt
- 8. Suriname • 1651 Willoughby governor of Barbados started settlement • Took Jews from Dutch Brazil to Surinam • Fort Willoughby until turned over to Dutch
- 9. Interest in Jewish Culture
- 10. Petition for Readmission • 1654 Menasseh’s son comes to England and gets Cromwell to support return of land confiscated by the Portuguese • 1655 Menasseh petitions for readmission; approved by Council but referred to a commission which does not act
- 11. Another Petition • Marranos who had been living in England were threatened with confiscation because of England-Spain conflict • No answer from Cromwell • Creechurch Lane • Cemetery
- 12. Reasons for Policy • Financial and commercial interests • Puritan study of the Old Testament, • Millenarian desire for the ultimate conversion and redemption of the Jews.
- 14. Bevis Marks
- 15. Bevis Marks Synagogue 1701
- 16. Social Media: Civil War and Restoration • Expanded communication • Communication leads to formation of cohesive groups • Official press • New medium for information exchange: the coffee house