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THE STUARTS IN
ENGLAND
Vocabulary
• democracy: a government controlled by the people
• absolute monarch: king, queen, emperor or empress with unlimited
power
• tyrant: a cruel and unjust ruler or person
• title: a name showing a person’s rank and position. Charles I forced
wealthy property owners to pay large fees to become knights
• Court of Star Chamber: a royal court where people had no rights
• royal prerogative: lets the King or Queen break the law
PAGES 28-31
• guidelines for the monarchy to
prevent abuse of power
• can’t introduce new taxes
without Parliament’s permission
• guarantees accused individuals
the right to a trial by their
peers
• Monarchy must obey laws but
“royal prerogative” allows the
monarchy to act against the
law, especially in times of
emergency
Signed in 1215 Why it matters?
THE MAGNA CARTA
• He is a Stuart – a descendant
of Mary Queen of Scots
• Ruler of Scotland as James IV
• Catholic connections
Why could this be an issue?
• Not a fan of democratic
traditions – comes from
Scotland where there was no
strong parliamentary history
King James I – of England
1603-1625
What’s his deal?
THE STUARTS
• Another strong believer in the
Divine Right of Kings.
• Not a fan of compromising with
parliament
• Had expensive tastes and was
often in need of more money to
finance his extravagance.
• Bypassed parliament to get
money and punish people: raised
fees, collected customs, forced
loans, sold noble titles, and
used the secret Court of Star
Chamber
King Charles I – of England
1625-1649
Like Father Like Son
THE STUARTS
• The belief that a Monarch’s
right to rule came directly
from God and that they
were God’s representative
on earth.
• Ordinary people could not
question the decisions of
the King because his powers
came from God.
“Kings are justly called Gods, for they
exercise … a power similar to God’s
power upon earth.
For if you will consider the attributes
of God, you will see how they agree in
the person of a king.
God has power to create or destroy,
to make and unmake, at His pleasure;
to give life or send death, to judge
all, and not be judged…
Kings have the same power… and make
of their subjects like men of chess…
therefore kings have absolute power.”
- King James I to Parliament
DIVINE RIGHT OF
KINGS
• Parliament has a long history
in England
• It’s a place where the King
could consult with the
powerful people of the land
• The Magna Carta gave
parliament more power. It
must approve tax increases.
Remember money = power.
• Has two sections: House of
Lords and House of Commons
House of Lords:
• Inherited their places
• Bishops and other high
officials of the Anglican
Church
House of Commons:
• Elected to represent people
of property
• Wealthy land owners and
townspeople
THE ROLE OF
PARLIAMENT
Do you agree with James I and Charles I that
Divine Right of Kings is the way to rule
England? Or would you side with Parliament?
Why?
Think about the answer on your own for a minute.
Write it down and….
WHAT DO YOU THINK?

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Stuarts Notes

  • 2. Vocabulary • democracy: a government controlled by the people • absolute monarch: king, queen, emperor or empress with unlimited power • tyrant: a cruel and unjust ruler or person • title: a name showing a person’s rank and position. Charles I forced wealthy property owners to pay large fees to become knights • Court of Star Chamber: a royal court where people had no rights • royal prerogative: lets the King or Queen break the law PAGES 28-31
  • 3. • guidelines for the monarchy to prevent abuse of power • can’t introduce new taxes without Parliament’s permission • guarantees accused individuals the right to a trial by their peers • Monarchy must obey laws but “royal prerogative” allows the monarchy to act against the law, especially in times of emergency Signed in 1215 Why it matters? THE MAGNA CARTA
  • 4. • He is a Stuart – a descendant of Mary Queen of Scots • Ruler of Scotland as James IV • Catholic connections Why could this be an issue? • Not a fan of democratic traditions – comes from Scotland where there was no strong parliamentary history King James I – of England 1603-1625 What’s his deal? THE STUARTS
  • 5. • Another strong believer in the Divine Right of Kings. • Not a fan of compromising with parliament • Had expensive tastes and was often in need of more money to finance his extravagance. • Bypassed parliament to get money and punish people: raised fees, collected customs, forced loans, sold noble titles, and used the secret Court of Star Chamber King Charles I – of England 1625-1649 Like Father Like Son THE STUARTS
  • 6. • The belief that a Monarch’s right to rule came directly from God and that they were God’s representative on earth. • Ordinary people could not question the decisions of the King because his powers came from God. “Kings are justly called Gods, for they exercise … a power similar to God’s power upon earth. For if you will consider the attributes of God, you will see how they agree in the person of a king. God has power to create or destroy, to make and unmake, at His pleasure; to give life or send death, to judge all, and not be judged… Kings have the same power… and make of their subjects like men of chess… therefore kings have absolute power.” - King James I to Parliament DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS
  • 7. • Parliament has a long history in England • It’s a place where the King could consult with the powerful people of the land • The Magna Carta gave parliament more power. It must approve tax increases. Remember money = power. • Has two sections: House of Lords and House of Commons House of Lords: • Inherited their places • Bishops and other high officials of the Anglican Church House of Commons: • Elected to represent people of property • Wealthy land owners and townspeople THE ROLE OF PARLIAMENT
  • 8. Do you agree with James I and Charles I that Divine Right of Kings is the way to rule England? Or would you side with Parliament? Why? Think about the answer on your own for a minute. Write it down and…. WHAT DO YOU THINK?