This document discusses ways that countries maximize the use of urban land, which has become important as populations increase but land areas do not. It describes mixed land use projects, where residential, commercial, and other functions are located close together in a small area to efficiently use space. High-density high-rise buildings are another strategy, packing more homes into less land. While this maximizes land use, it can also increase traffic, pollution, and stress for residents from living in crowded conditions. The document examines tradeoffs between maximizing land use and quality of life.