6th std Social Science - History Ch.2. The Earliest SocietiesThe earth is over 4,600 million years old but life began on the earth around 3,500 million years ago. Humans appeared on the earth in pre-Pleistocene period. The early human who appeared on earth were ape-like creatures called hominids.

1. PREPARED BY: NAVYA RAI
Grade - 6 - Social
Science
History – Chapter
2. The Earliest Societies
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2. •The earth is over 4,600 million years old but life began on
the earth around 3,500 million years ago.
•Humans appeared on the earth in pre-Pleistocene period.
•The early human who appeared on earth were ape-like
creatures called hominids.
Evolution of Humans Hominid
Ancestors of Human Beings
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3.  The early ancestors are described as hunters-
gatherers.
 The earliest human wandered from place to
place for several reasons.
1. They wandered in search of animals
2. Trees and plants grow fruits in different seasons.
3. In search of water
Life of Early Humans
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4.  From the earliest times till 12000 BCE, the early humans
used stones for making tools so this period is known as
“Stone Age”.
CATEGORIES OF STONE AGE
Phases of the Stone Age
Paleolithic
Or
Old Stone
Age
Mesolithic
Or
Middle stone
Age
Neolithic
Or
New Stone
Age
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5.  For the first time in 1865 the term Palaeolithic used by an
archeologist John Lubbock.
 The Paleolithic humans were also known as quartzite
humans because they used a hard stone called quartzite to
make their tools.
 The Paleolithic Age is further divided into 3 periods
Palaeolithic Age or the Old Stone Age
• Use of
axes
and
• Cleaver
s and
Choppe
rs
Early or
Lower
Paleolithic
Age
Use of
scrapers
and borers
made of
flakes
Middle
Paleolithic
Age
This
period
comprise
burins
and blade
Upper
Paleolithic
Age
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6. Hand axe
Cleavers
Choppers
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7. Scrapers
Borers
Burins
Blades
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8.  Early humans prepared stone tools by shaping rocks for
specific purposes.
 There are 3 categories of stone tools
Stone Tool of Early Humans
• Pounding
• Crushing
Core
Tools
• Scraping
• Slitting
Flake
Tools
• Slicing
• Engraving
Blade
Tools
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9. • Stone on Stone Method
•Pressure Flaking Method
Early humans used 2 techniquesto make stonetools.
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10. The Paleolithic humans used tools made of wood and
bone also.
The Paleolithic humans were hunters- gatherers. But they
used to stay in one place to fulfill their basic needs of food,
water and protection.
Stone Tools from PaleolithicAge
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11.  Fire was probably discovered when 2 flints were rubbed
together by accident, and the resultant spark fell on dry
leaves nearby, causing fire.
Discovery of Fire
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12. Navya Rai

13.  Around 9000 BCE, began an intermediate stage which is
known as the Mesolithic Age.
 It occurred between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic or
New stone age.
 The age was characterized by the use of microliths or
small stone tools.
 Mesolithic human beings lived on
hunting, fishing and gathering
food.
 At later stage they started
domesticating animal.
MesolithicAge orthe Middle StoneAge
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14.  Neolithic or new stone age extended from about 8,000
BCE to 4,000 BCE.
 It refers to the phase when humans started leading a
settled life.
Neolithic Age or the New Stone Age
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15.  Early people who lived in the caves have paintings on
the walls.
 Best examples are from the Bhimbetka caves in Madhya
Pradesh.
 These caves were discovered in 1958 by an Indian
archaeologists , Dr. V. S. Wakankar
Stone Age Art
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16. thank youBy: Navya Rai
Navya Rai