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** CAUSED BY A
GOVERNMENT FAILING TO
MEET THE NEEDS OF THE
PEOPLE!!!!
Political Revolutions
Glorious Revolution (England, 1688)
Causes Effects
-Magna Carta, 1215
-Puritan
Revolution,
1642-49
-Established
Parliamentary
Democracy
-Bloodless change of power
- Rise of Limited/
Constitutional Monarchy
-English Bill of Rights signed
-Democratic Reforms
Political Philosophies Spur Revolution
Era of Absolutism-
Peter and Catherine the Great-
Akbar the Great-
Suleiman the Magnificent-
Louis XIV (the Sun King)
Political system with ONE monarch: high taxes, strong
military, NO LEGISLATIVE BODY
Westernized Russia, gained warm-water ports
Enlightened Despot
India, very tolerant of diverse religions
Ottoman Empire: modernized military and laws, Muslim
France: Palace of Versailles  bankrupt, divine right
Political Philosophies Spur Revolution
Enlightenment-
John Locke-
Voltaire-
Montesquieu-
Rousseau-
Intellectual movement focused on human logic and
reason; change relationship btwn people and gov’t
NATURAL RIGHTS!!! People have right to overthrow gov’t
if they’re not being met
Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly
Checks and Balances; 3 branches of gov’t; More people power
The Social Contract, believed in the will of majority
French Revolution (1789-1799)
Causes Effects
-Enlightenment
- American Revolution
-Absolute Monarchy
- Rigid Estate (class)
system
- Economic Problems
(need bread!)
-Death of King  creation of
democracy (people power)
- Reign of terror (Robespierre)
- Rise of Napoleon  spread of
nationalism  defeat by Russia’s
geography (scorched earth policy)
-Congress of Vienna (balance of
power, restore monarchs)
Russian Revolution (Bolsheviks, 1917)
Causes Effects
-Absolute Monarch
(Czar)
-Russo-Japanese War
and WWI
-Bloody Sunday, 1905
-Poor peasants
-Lack of
Industrialization
-Rise of Communists
(Bolsheviks)
-Creation of a communist state
(Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics)
-Persecution of Dissenters
-Lenin’s New Economic Policy
(some private ownership) 
Stalin’s Five Year Plan
(collectives and increased
industrialization)
-Totalitarian State
Chinese Communist Revolution (1949)
Causes Effects
-Foreign (Japan)
Imperialism
- Chinese Civil War
(Communist v.
Nationalists)
- Communists win support
of peasant and women –
Long March (Mao Zedong)
-Communist state under Mao Zedong
 Great Leap Forward  Cultural
Revolution
- Equality of women
-Deng Xiaoping- economic freedom
(Four Modernizations) but not
political (Tiananmen Square) or
social (censorship)
Iranian Revolution (1979)
Causes Effects
-Islamic Fundamentalist Gov’t led
by Ayatollah Khomeini
(Islamic Fundamentalism 
movement that opposes
Westernization and supports
traditional Islam)
-U.S. Hostage Crisis
- Anti-Iraq, Anti-West, Anti-Secular
(Secular = non-religious)
-Corrupt Shah
- Anti-Western
feelings
-Rise in Islamic
Fundamentalism

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6 political revolutions

  • 1. ** CAUSED BY A GOVERNMENT FAILING TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE PEOPLE!!!! Political Revolutions
  • 2. Glorious Revolution (England, 1688) Causes Effects -Magna Carta, 1215 -Puritan Revolution, 1642-49 -Established Parliamentary Democracy -Bloodless change of power - Rise of Limited/ Constitutional Monarchy -English Bill of Rights signed -Democratic Reforms
  • 3. Political Philosophies Spur Revolution Era of Absolutism- Peter and Catherine the Great- Akbar the Great- Suleiman the Magnificent- Louis XIV (the Sun King) Political system with ONE monarch: high taxes, strong military, NO LEGISLATIVE BODY Westernized Russia, gained warm-water ports Enlightened Despot India, very tolerant of diverse religions Ottoman Empire: modernized military and laws, Muslim France: Palace of Versailles  bankrupt, divine right
  • 4. Political Philosophies Spur Revolution Enlightenment- John Locke- Voltaire- Montesquieu- Rousseau- Intellectual movement focused on human logic and reason; change relationship btwn people and gov’t NATURAL RIGHTS!!! People have right to overthrow gov’t if they’re not being met Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly Checks and Balances; 3 branches of gov’t; More people power The Social Contract, believed in the will of majority
  • 5. French Revolution (1789-1799) Causes Effects -Enlightenment - American Revolution -Absolute Monarchy - Rigid Estate (class) system - Economic Problems (need bread!) -Death of King  creation of democracy (people power) - Reign of terror (Robespierre) - Rise of Napoleon  spread of nationalism  defeat by Russia’s geography (scorched earth policy) -Congress of Vienna (balance of power, restore monarchs)
  • 6. Russian Revolution (Bolsheviks, 1917) Causes Effects -Absolute Monarch (Czar) -Russo-Japanese War and WWI -Bloody Sunday, 1905 -Poor peasants -Lack of Industrialization -Rise of Communists (Bolsheviks) -Creation of a communist state (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) -Persecution of Dissenters -Lenin’s New Economic Policy (some private ownership)  Stalin’s Five Year Plan (collectives and increased industrialization) -Totalitarian State
  • 7. Chinese Communist Revolution (1949) Causes Effects -Foreign (Japan) Imperialism - Chinese Civil War (Communist v. Nationalists) - Communists win support of peasant and women – Long March (Mao Zedong) -Communist state under Mao Zedong  Great Leap Forward  Cultural Revolution - Equality of women -Deng Xiaoping- economic freedom (Four Modernizations) but not political (Tiananmen Square) or social (censorship)
  • 8. Iranian Revolution (1979) Causes Effects -Islamic Fundamentalist Gov’t led by Ayatollah Khomeini (Islamic Fundamentalism  movement that opposes Westernization and supports traditional Islam) -U.S. Hostage Crisis - Anti-Iraq, Anti-West, Anti-Secular (Secular = non-religious) -Corrupt Shah - Anti-Western feelings -Rise in Islamic Fundamentalism