This document discusses ethics, morals, values, and character. It provides definitions for ethics as a system of moral principles and values that define what is good for individuals and society. Morals are described as principles about what is right and wrong. Values are defined as the importance and worth placed on something or someone. The document then discusses different types of values like universal, intrinsic, and operative values. It also outlines key moral principles like trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, and citizenship. Overall, the document provides an overview of ethics, morals, and values through definitions and examples in under 3 sentences.

1. EETTHHIICCSS AANNDD
MMOORRAALL VVAALLUUEESS
By
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur

2. Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 2 Environmental Ethics
EEtthhiiccss
TThhee bbooddyy ooff mmoorraall pprriinncciipplleess oorr vvaalluueess ffoolllloowweedd bbyy aann
iinnddiivviidduuaall..
TThheessee aarree yyoouurr AACCTTIIOONNSS!!!!
EEtthhiiccss aarree aa ssyysstteemm ooff mmoorraall pprriinncciipplleess aanndd aa bbrraanncchh
ooff pphhiilloossoopphhyy wwhhiicchh ddeeffiinneess wwhhaatt iiss ggoooodd ffoorr
iinnddiivviidduuaallss aanndd ssoocciieettyy..

3. Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 3 Environmental Ethics
Morals
““WWhhaatt iiss rriigghhtt vvss.. wwhhaatt iiss wwrroonngg””..
Morals are principles and values based on what a
person or society believes are the right, proper or
acceptable ways of behaving.

4. Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 4 Environmental Ethics
Values
““WWoorrtthh iinn iimmppoorrttaannccee ppllaacceedd oonn ssoommeetthhiinngg oorr
ssoommeeoonnee bbyy aa ppeerrssoonn””..
Values of a person or group are the moral principles
and beliefs that they think are important in life and
that they tend to live their lives by such values as
guiding principles.

5. Three Key Branches of Ethics
Descriptive ethics involves describing, characterizing and
studying morality
 “What is”
Normative ethics involves supplying and justifying moral
systems
 “What should be”
Applied Ethics about “how” moral outcomes can be achieved
in specific situations;
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6. Moral Values.
Moral values are the standards of good and evil,
which govern an individual’s behavior and choices.
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OR
Values are the criteria for determining good and bad,
fair and unfair, just and unjust.

7. Types of “Values”.
Universal Values:
It has the same value or worth for all, or
almost all people.
Eg, Sanctity of human life, Peace, and human dignity.
Instrumental Values:
These are values that can be used to
get something else.
Examples of these would include Progress (which allows leisure
time), Freedom (Through which we can get dignity and/or self
actualization), and Knowledge (which helps us to get economic
prosperity, and progress).
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8. Intrinsic Values: ( opposite to
instrumental value)
Something has intrinsic worth simply
because of what it is, and not necessarily what it will lead to.
For example ,beauty, artistic expression and happiness. We value them
because they are an important aspect of life.
Prerequisite Values:
These are values that are necessary before you
can get to some bigger goal.
Examples of this type of value include safety (which is needed before
people can even think about having anything else), Justice (which is
needed before we can move onto equality), or the common good
(which must be honored if we can ever get to a state of peace).
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9. Paramount Values:
It is the value which is above all other
things.
For example, freedom (which many people have given up their
lives for and see as essential to a decent life).
Operative Values:
These types of values are the ways that
we make judgments on how to live the rest of our lives. We use
these values as the overarching and guiding principles which tell
us what is always right and wrong.
For example, Integrity, Honesty, and Loyalty.
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10. Other many sources of
Values.
The Individual
Conscience
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Fellow Workers
Family
Friends
The Law
Regions of
Country
Profession
Employer
Society at Large
Fellow Workers
Religious
Beliefs

11. Moral Principles or Values
• Trustworthiness
• Respect
• Responsibility
• Fairness
• Caring
• Citizenship
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12. Moral Principles or Values
Trustworthiness
 Work with little supervision, yet seek
guidance as needed.
 Be honest, reliable, and ethical in all
dealings.
 Refuse to steal, misuse or abuse company
time, property or equipment.
 Refuse to lie, cheat, deceive, manipulate,
exploit or take advantage of others.
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13. Moral Principles or Values
Respect
 Value and honor all people.
 Respect the dignity, privacy
and freedom of all.
 Use good manners. Be
courteous and polite.
 Listen to and communicate
openly with others.
 Be friendly and
cooperative.
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14. Moral Principles or Values
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Responsibility
 Show initiative. Pay attention to detail. Pursue
excellence.
 Be loyal.
 Strive to improve abilities, learn new skills and
take on broader responsibilities.
 Be accountable. Fulfill commitments, persevere
and get the job done.

15. Moral Principles or Values
Fairness
 Listen. Know your job. Communicate
honestly.
 Consider all stakeholders and the
possible short- and long-term
consequences of decisions.
 Be free of bias, just, without favoritism
or prejudice.
 Use tact and courtesy.
 Share knowledge, ideas and skills
with others.
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16. Moral Principles or Values
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Caring
 Strive for harmonious, mutually beneficial
relationships.
 Show kindness and sensitivity to the feelings of
others.
 Express gratitude.
 Show personal concern for others.
 Take time to help others.
 Be kind. Be kind. Be kind.

17. Moral Principles or Values
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Citizenship
 Understand and contribute to the
organization.
 Take care of equipment and
resources.
 Pursue life-long learning.
 Volunteer without expectation of
recognition or reward.
 Be a role model and mentor to
new employees.

18. Character is like a tree and reputation like its
shadow. The shadow is what we think of it; the tree is
the real thing.
Abraham Lincoln
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19. What is Character?
WRITE IT DOWN!!!
The inherent complex of attributes
that determine a persons moral and
ethical actions and reactions.
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20. What are Characteristics of Character?
WRITE IT DOWN!!!
Trustworthiness Respect
Inspiring
Integrity Confident
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Honesty
Competent
Courageous
Tact
Fairness
Loyal
Unselfish
Responsibility
Citizenship
Caring

21. Why is Character Important?
Warren Bennis says, “that after vision and
passion, INTEGRITY (character) is the most
basic fundamental competency to be a
leader.”
He further points out that Integrity is the
basis of TRUST.
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22. Who Cares About Character?
• The Age of Accountability
• The Importance of Family Values
PEOPLE ARE ALWAYS
WATCHING!!!
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23. Impacting Moral & Character
Development
Four major questions need to be addressed
when focusing on character development:
1. What is good character?
2. What causes or prevents good character?
3. How can good character be measured ?
4. How can good character best be developed?
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24. Components of Character
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25. Impacting Moral & Character
Development
1. What is good character?
Personal
• honest and truthful
• autonomous
• responsible
• self-management and self-discipline
• courageous
• integrity
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26. Impacting Moral & Character
Development
1. What is good character?
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Social
• sociable
• benevolent
• compassionate
• courteous
• trustworthy

27. Impacting Moral & Character
Development
2. What causes or prevents good character?
1. heredity
2. early childhood experience
3. modeling by important adults & older youth
4. peer influence
5. general physical and social environment
6. communications media
7. content taught in the schools, etc.
8. specific situations and roles
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28. Impacting Moral & Character
Development
3. How can good character be measured ?
• Cognitive knowledge
• Age appropriate cognitive and moral
development.
• Values expressed
• Commitments expressed
• Written plans
• Personal and social overt behavior
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29. Impacting Moral & Character
Development
4. How can good character best be developed?
Effective communication and shared
values among families, schools, religious
organizations, and communities.
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30. Personal experience - Moral Values
 I have learnt through this assignment how to
behave in a society with morals, values and
principles.
 I learnt to be honest, reliable, and ethical in all
dealings pertaining to my job and career.
 I learnt how to respect, honour and value the
people.
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31. Personal experience - Moral Values
 I learnt how to strive to improve abilities, learn
new skills and take on broader responsibilities.
 I learnt how to share knowledge, ideas and
skills with others.
 I learnt to show kindness and sensitivity to the
feelings of others.
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32. General value systems observed…
Classification of Values :
Ethical Values
Social Values
Spiritual Values
Educational Values
Professional Values
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33. Ethical Values / Moral Values :
Concept - Right / Wrong
Good / Bad
Virtue / Vice
Influence the activities of Human being
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34. Social Values :
According to Patanjali – Five “Yamas”
Ahimsa
Satya
Asteya
Brahmacharya
Aparigraha
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35. Spiritual Values :
Intrinsic Values
Truth Beaut
y
Goodness
Intellect Will Feeling
Jnana Karma Bhakti
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36. Educational
Values :
According to Vivekananda – Man making Education
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Physica
l
Psychological Social Moral

37. Man making
Education
Samveg Samskara
s
Swabhav
a
Emotions Formed habits behaviour
Righteous conduct
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Right emotions
Noble associations

38. Learning domains according to Psychology
Cognitive – Affective - Psychomotor
Receiving
Responding
Valuing
Organization
Characterization
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39. Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 39 Environmental Ethics
Valuing :-
Commitment to certain goal
Commitment to certain Idea
Commitment to certain belief

40. Organisation :-
Value system and behaviour
Characterization :
-
By value / value complex
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41. Educational Values :
Good
Useful
Valuable
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Activities -
- in Education

42. SCOPE OF VALUE BASED
EDUCATION
INCULCATING SOCIALLY
RESPONSIBLE BEHAVIOR
CREATINGVALUE
BASED QUALITY PROMOTING ETHICAL
BEHAVIOR
VALUE BASED
EDUCATION
DEFINING INSTITUTIONAL
IDEOLOGY
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43. DIMENSIONS OF
DEVELOPMENT
VALUES
1.Physical Discipline
Healthy living
Dignity of labor
Punctuality
2. Intellectual Truth
Scientific temper
Rational outlook
Quest for knowledge
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44. Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 44 Environmental Ethics
3. Moral/Ethical
Resistance to temptation
Righteousness
Sense of responsibility
Self control
Non-violence
4. Spiritual Purity, Tolerance
Faith , Freedom
5. Social
Co-operation
Mutual respect
Sharing, Concern
DIMENSIONS OF
DEVELOPMENT
VALUES

45. EENNVVIIRROONNMMEENNTTAALL EETTHHIICCSS
TThhee mmoorraall rreellaattiioonnsshhiipp bbeettwweeeenn hhuummaann aanndd tthhee wwoorrlldd
aarroouunndd uuss iinn ccoonnttrraasstt ttoo ttrraaddiittiioonnaall eetthhiiccss,, wwhhiicchh
ccoonncceerrnn wwiitthh rreellaattiioonnsshhiipp aammoonngg ppeeooppllee oonnllyy..
oorr
TThhee bbooddyy ooff mmoorraall pprriinncciipplleess oorr vvaalluueess ffoolllloowweedd bbyy aa
ppeerrssoonn iinn rreeggaarrddss ttoo tthheeiirr ttoottaall ssuurrrroouunnddiinnggss..
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 45 Environmental Ethics

46. The needs of Environmental Ethics has
arisen as results of the following three
factors-
1. New effects on nature
2. New knowledge about nature
3. Expending moral concern
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 46 Environmental Ethics

47. EEnnvviirroonnmmeenntt
YYoouurr ttoottaall ssuurrrroouunnddiinnggss;; iinncclluuddeess bbootthh bbiioottiicc ((lliivviinngg))
aanndd aabbiioottiicc ((nnoonn--lliivviinngg)) ffaaccttoorrss
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 47 Environmental Ethics

48. EEccoollooggyy
TThhee ssttuuddyy ooff oorrggaanniissmmss aanndd tthheeiirr
iinntteerrrreellaattiioonnsshhiippss wwiitthh tthheeiirr eennvviirroonnmmeenntt
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 48 Environmental Ethics

49. SSuussttaaiinnaabbllee EEnnvviirroonnmmeenntt
AAnn eennvviirroonnmmeenntt iinn wwhhiicchh tthhee eesssseennttiiaall qquuaalliittiieess ooff lliiffee
aarree nneeiitthheerr lleesssseenneedd nnoorr ddeepplleetteedd..
EEsssseennttiiaall qquuaalliittiieess ooff lliiffee::
 OOxxyyggeenn,, ffoooodd,, wwaatteerr,, nnuuttrriieennttss,, wwaarrmmtthh,, sshheelltteerr,,
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 49 Environmental Ethics

50. UUnnssuussttaaiinnaabbllee EEnnvviirroonnmmeenntt
AAnn eennvviirroonnmmeenntt iinn wwhhiicchh tthhee eesssseennttiiaall qquuaalliittiieess ooff lliiffee
aarree lleesssseenneedd oorr ddeepplleetteedd..
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 50 Environmental Ethics

51. EEccoossyysstteemm
AAnn aarreeaa wwiitthh aa bboouunnddaarryy ccoommppoosseedd ooff bbiioottiicc ((lliivviinngg))
aanndd aabbiioottiicc ((nnoonnlliivviinngg)) ccoommppoonneennttss,, wwhhiicchh iinntteerraacctt
wwiitthh oonnee aannootthheerr..
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 51 Environmental Ethics

52. EEccoollooggiiccaall FFoooottpprriinntt
AA mmeeaassuurree ooff hhooww mmuucchh llaanndd aanndd wwaatteerr aann iinnddiivviidduuaall,,
ppooppuullaattiioonn oorr aaccttiivviittyy rreeqquuiirreess ttoo pprroodduuccee aallll tthhee
rreessoouurrcceess iitt ccoonnssuummeess aanndd ttoo aabbssoorrbb tthhee wwaassttee iitt
ggeenneerraatteess..
• ((aakkaa hhooww mmuucchh hhuummaannss
iimmppaacctt aann eeccoossyysstteemm bbyy tthheeiirr
uussee ooff llaanndd,, wwaatteerr aanndd ootthheerr
nnaattuurraall rreessoouurrcceess))
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 52 Environmental Ethics

53. Thank you all...
Dr. Rajendra Singh Thakur/ 53 Environmental Ethics