This document discusses environmental ethics and provides definitions of key concepts. It begins by stating that ethics are important for development and societies without ethical principles can experience moral decay. It then defines concepts like values, morals, environment, ecology, ecosystem, and different perspectives on environmental ethics like anthropocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism. The document examines environmental ethics as the application of ethical standards to human relationships with the environment and poses example ethical dilemmas. It explores expanding ethical consideration to include animals, communities, and nature. In closing, it recommends developing a holistic perspective that preserves ecological connections.

1. Environmental Ethics
SALAH E. BELKHER
ENVIRONMENTAL SUPERINTENDENT
MINISTRY OF OIL & GAS

2. Introduction
 Ethics form an integral part of any society that is serious about
development.
 Society that does not have fundamental ethical principles is likely to be
buried moral decay.
 The education system should therefore, purposefully focus on ethical
leadership when developing individuals or groups for leadership roles.
 Ethical leadership is a form of leadership that instills and practices
appropriate ethical principles that are normatively accepted in society.

3. Concepts
 Value - Worth in importance placed on something or someone by a person.
 Moral - What is right vs. what is wrong.
 Environment - Your total surroundings; includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors .
 Environmental Ethic - The body of moral principles or values followed by a person in regards to their
total surroundings.
 Ecology - The study of organisms and their interactions with their environment .
 Ecosystem- An area composed of biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) components, which
interact with one another.
 Ecological Footprint -A measure of how much land and water an individual, population or activity
requires to produce all the resources it consumes and to absorb the waste it generates.
 Ecocentrism - a philosophy or perspective that places intrinsic value on all living organisms and
their natural environment, regardless of their perceived usefulness or importance to human beings.
 Ecocentric-having a serious concern for environmental issues: ecocentric management .
 Anthropocentric-adjective regarding man as the most important and central factor in the universe
 BIOCENTRIC- considering all forms of life as having intrinsic value .
 is an ethical point of view that extends inherent value to all living things. It stands in contrast to
anthropocentrism which centers on the value of humans.

4. What is the Ethics ?
 Ethics are the explicit reflection on moral beliefs and practices.
 Ethics is the study of good and bad, right and wrong.
 Ethic is
 Its purpose is to clarify what is right and what is wrong and what human
beings should freely do or refrain from doing .
Environmental Ethics
Environmental Ethics - the study of ethical questions regarding human interactions
with the environment
Ethical Standards – criteria that help differentiate right from wrong.

5. Environmental ethics = application of ethical standards to
relationships between human and non-human entities .
•Hard to resolve; depends on the person’s ethical standards .
•Depends on the person’s domain of ethical concern .

6. Should we conserve resources
for future generations?
Is OK to destroy a forest to
create jobs for people?
Should humans drive other
species to extinction?
Is it OK for some communities to
be exposed to excess pollution?

7. Environmental Ethics“ Decision & Action “
• Both disciplines deal with what we value .
• Our values affect our environmental decisions and actions .

8. Expanding our ethical consideration
include animals, communities, nature .

9. Expanding ethical concern
 Why have we expanded our ethical concerns?
 Economic prosperity: more leisure time, less anxieties .
 Science: interconnection of all organisms .
 Non-western cultures often have broader ethical domains
 Three perspectives in Western ethics
 Anthropocentrism = only humans have rights
 Biocentrism = certain living things also have value
 Ecocentrism = whole ecological systems have value
 Holistic perspective, stresses preserving connections

10. Three ethical worldviews
A human centered view of nature.
Anything not providing positive benefit to
people is considered of negligible value.

11. All life has ethical standing, and
any actions taken consider the
effects on all living things, or the
biotic world in general.

12. Considers the integrity of ecological
systems – not just individual animals (or
species). Recognizes the need to
preserve not just entities, but also their
relationships with each other.

13. Ecosystem goods and services
• Natural resources are “goods” we get from our environment.
• “Ecosystem services” that nature performs for free include:
• Soil formation
• Water purification
• Climate regulation
• Pollination
• Nutrient cycling
• Waste treatment
• etc.

15. Recommendations

16. Thanks for your attention and Listening