The document outlines the evolution of mobile technology from 1G to 4G, detailing the features, hardware, software, and technologies involved in 4G communications. It highlights advantages such as faster data transfer rates and global mobility while noting disadvantages like high costs and complex hardware requirements. Overall, 4G technology is positioned as a significant advancement offering enhanced internet experiences.

2. OVERVIEW
o What is 4G ?
o Evolution of Mobile technology
o Features
o 4G hardware and software
o Technologies
o Applications
o Advantages and Disadvantages
o Conclusion

3. o 1G-First Generation
• Introduced in 1980s
• Encompassed with analog
standards
• Voice
o 2G-Second Generation
• Introduced in 1990s
• Standards –
GSM ,iDEN, PDC,CDMA
• Voice mail ,SMS ,MMS , internet
EVOLUTION OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY:

4. o 3G-Third Generation
• Development started in late 1990s
• Standards-
W-CDMA, EVDO
• Wireless Internet , Video Calling,
Mobile TV

5. WHAT IS 4G?
o Fourth Generation of Cellular
Communications .
o Beyond 3G .
o Data transfer rate up to 100 Mbps for
high mobility and 1 Gbps for low
mobility .
oCollection of technologies and protocols

6. FEATURES OF 4G
o IP (Internet Protocol)
based mobile systems.
o Entirely packet-
switched networks.
o Digital in nature
o Wider Bandwidths
100Mhz

7. o 10 times faster than current 3G
o Global mobility and service portability.
o User Friendly.

8. 4G
ANYTIME,ANYWHERE CONNECTION
One of the term used to describe the 4G
Mobile Multimedia
Anytime Anywhere
Global Mobility support
Integrated wireless solution
Customized personal service.

9. 4G Hardware :
oUltra Wide Band Networks
oSmart Antennas
4G Software :
oSoftware Defined Radio
oPacket Layers
oPackets

10. Ultra wide band Networks
 It can use any part of the frequency spectrum, which
means that it can use frequencies that are currently in use
by other radio frequency devices .
It uses a frequency of 3.1 to 10.6 Hz.
It uses less power , since it transmits pulse instead of
continuous signal.
An advanced technology that can be used in 4G
technology.
Special antennas are needed to tune and aim the signal.

11. Software defined radio(SDR)
 A software defined radio is one that can be configured to
any radio or frequency standard through the use of
software.
 The phone should automatically switch from operating on
a CDMA frequency to a TDMA frequency whenever it is
required.
 Roaming can be an issue with different standards, but with
a software defined radio, users can just download the
interface upon entering new territory, or the software could
just download automatically

12. Technology Standards :
• WiMAX ,LTE
• The advantages of LTE are:
(i) 100 Mbps - download & 50 Mbps – upload
(ii) It offers both FDD and TDD duplexing
(iii) Uses OFDM

13. WIMAX:
o World Interoperability for Microwave
Access
o WiMax technology might not achieve the
required rate in a high-density area .
o useful when it is bundled with IPTV.
o The wireless bandwidth will be roughly
3Mbps/1.5Mbps

14. LTE(Long Term Evolution)
 LTE stands for Long Term Evolution
 Next Generation mobile broadband technology
 Promises data transfer rates of 100 Mbps
 Based on UMTS 3G technology
 Optimized for All-IP traffic

15. OFDM :
• OFDM stands for
Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing.
• It distributes the data
over a large number
of carriers that are
spaced apart at
precise frequencies.

16. Applications :
• Virtual Presence
• Virtual Navigation
• Crisis Management Application
• Telegeoprocessing, telemedicine
• Security

17. ADVANTAGES OF 4G:
• High usability: anytime, anywhere, and with any
technology.
• Support for multimedia services at low transmission
cost.
• Higher bandwidth, tight network security.

18. DISADVANTAGES OF 4G :
• Expensive.
• Battery uses are more.
• Hard to implement
• Need complicated hardware.

19. CONCLUSION
 Delivers true speeds without wires.
 Faster -- more bandwidth
 Completely portable
 3 times faster than 3G
 4G is broadband technology that will give us
richer ,pleasurable internet experience