PPT about 4G technology which I made for my college purpose. PPT displays Evolution, Architecture, Working Procedure, Advantages and Disadvantages of 4T Technology. Background images: Google Image Search

1. 4G Technology
Hariharan Sivadasan
Asan Memorial College of
Engineering and Technology.
Chengalpet

2. 4G Definition
 4G is not one defined technology or
standard, but rather a collection of
technologies at creating fully packet-
switched networks optimized for data.
 4G Networks are projected to provide
speed of 100Mbps while moving and
1Gbps while stationary.

3. 0G (Zero Generation Mobile System)
 At the end of the 1940’s, the first radio telephone
service was introduced, and was designed to
users in cars to the public land-line based
telephone network.
 In the 1960’s, a system launched by Bell
Systems, called, Improved Mobile Telephone
Service (IMTS), brought quite a few
improvements such as direct dialing and more
bandwidth. The very first analog systems were
based upon IMTS and were created in the late
60s and early 70s.

4. 1G Technology
 1G refers to the first-generation of wireless
telephone technology was developed in
1970’s.
 1G had two major improvements:
 the invention of the microprocessor
 the digital transform of the control link
between the phone and the cell site.

5. 2G Technology
 Around 1980’s
 Better quality & capacity - More people
could use there phones at the same
time
 Digital Signals – consist of 0’s & 1’s

6. Previous Technology - 2G
 Digital – consist of 0’s and 1’s
 Digital signal:
 1.Low level, 2.High level, 3.Rising edge
and 4.Falling edge

7. Advantages in Previous
Technology - 2G
 The digital voice encoding allows digital
error checking
 increase sound quality
 lowers the noise level
 Going all-digital allowed for the
introduction of digital data transfer
 SMS –“short message service”
 E-mail

8. Disadvantages in Previous
Technology - 2G
 Cell towers had a limited coverage
area
 Jagged Decay curve
 Abrupt dropped calls
 Analog –gradual sound reduction
 “Spotty” coverage

9. 3G Technology
 Large capacity and broadband capabilities
 Allows the transmission of 384kbps for
mobile systems and up to 2Mbps
 Increased spectrum efficiency –5Mhz
 A greater number of users that can be
simultaneously supported by a radio frequency
bandwidth
 High data rates at lower incremental cost than
2G–Global roaming

10. Previous Technology - 3G
 CDMA –Code Division Multiple Access
 Form of multiplexing
 Does not divide up the channel by time or
frequency
 Encodes data with a special code
associated with each channel

12. What is 4G?
 Fourth Generation Technology
 Faster and more reliable
 100 Mb/s
 Lower cost than previous generations
 Multi-standard wireless system
 Bluetooth, Wired, Wireless
 Ad Hoc Networking
 IPv6 Core
 OFDM used instead of CDMA
 Potentially IEEE standard 802.11n
 Most information is proprietary

13. Communications Architecture
 Broadcast layer:
 fix access points, (i.e.) cell tower
connected by fiber, microwave, or
satellite (ISP)
 Ad-hoc/hot-spot layer:
 wireless LANs (i.e. internet at Starbuck’s)

14. Communications Architecture
 Personal Layer Gateway:
 devices that connect to upper layers; cell phone,
fax, voice, data modem, MP3 players, PDAs
 Info-Sensor layer:
 environmental sensors
 Fiber-optic wire layer:
 high speed subterranean labyrinth of fiber optic
cables and repeaters

15. Ad Hoc Networks
 Spontaneous self
organization of
networks of devices
 Not necessarily
connected to internet
 4G will create hybrid
wireless networks using
Ad Hoc networks
 Form of mesh
networking–Very
reliable

16. Broadband access in Remote
location
 4G will provide a wireless alternative
for broadband access
 I will provide first opportunity for
broadband access in remote locations
without an infrastructure to support
cable or DSL access.

17. Enhance Mobile Gaming
 Experience enhance wireless capabilities
that deliver mobile gaming interaction
with less than five seconds
 Play online multi player games while
traveling at high speeds or sitting outside

18. Advantages
o Support for interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video, Internet, and
other broadband services
o IP based mobile system
o High speed, high capacity, and low cost per bit
o Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile services
o Seamless switching, and a variety of Quality of Service driven services
o Better scheduling and call admission control techniques
o Ad hoc and multi hop networks (the strict delay requirements of voice
make multi hop network service a difficult problem)
o Better spectral efficiency
o Seamless network of multiple protocols and air interfaces (since 4G will
be all ]IP, look for 4G systems to be compatible with all common
network technologies, including802.11, WCDMA, Blue tooth, and Hyper
LAN).
o An infrastructure to handle pre existing 3G systems along with other
wireless technologies, some of which are currently under development.

19. Disadvantages
1 Equipment has not been fully developed for
network
2 Network has more complex security issues
3 Network protocols and standardization have
not been defined
4 Not many areas have 4G service yet
5 Very expensive

20. Case Study

21. On 4 June 2010, Sprint released the first
WiMAX Smartphone in the US, the HTC
Evo 4G

22. 1 On 10 April 2012, Bharti Airtel launched
4G LTE in Kolkata, first in India.
2 On 20 May 2012, Azerbaijan's biggest mobile
operator Azercell launched 4G LTE.
India
Bharti Airtel launched India's first 4G service,
using TD-LTE technology, in Kolkata on April 10,
2012.[75]
On June 2013 prior to the official launch in
Kolkata, a group consisting of China Mobile, Bharti
Airtel and SoftBank Mobile came together, called
Global TD-LTE Initiative (GTI) in Barcelona,
Spain and they signed the commitment towards
TD-LTE standards for the Asian region. It must be
noted that Bharti Airtel's 4G network does not
support mainstream 4G phones such as Samsung
Galaxy Note 3, Samsung Galaxy S4 and others.