3.social and cultural_values
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This document discusses the definition of culture and how it is shaped by norms and values. It defines culture as the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes one human group from another, including shared systems of values. Culture is expressed through various aspects like values, customs, symbols, and language. Norms refer to behaviors considered normal in a society, while values represent things a culture considers important. Cultural norms and values can vary between different societies and regions.
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Culture
Culture is a way of life. The food you eat, the clothes you wear, the language you speak in and the God you worship all are aspects of culture. In very simple terms, we can say that culture is the embodiment of the way in which we think and do things. It is also the thing that we have inherited as members of society. All the achievements of human beings as members of social groups can be called culture. Art, music, literature, architecture, sculpture, philosophy, religion and science can be seen as aspects of culture. However, culture also includes the customs, traditions, festivals, ways of living and one’s outlook on various
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COUNTRY CULTURE AND REGIONAL CULTURE, CULTURE AND EMPLOYEE MANAGEMENT ISSUES
This document discusses country culture, regional culture, and how culture impacts employee management. Country culture is defined by the activities, rituals, goods, beliefs, and values that make each country unique. Regional culture can vary within a country based on factors like religion, music, or customs. Country and regional cultures differ across dimensions like Hofstede's cultural dimensions. Cultural factors like generation, ethnicity, religion, and education impact workplace norms, dress codes, feedback, communication, and teamwork. Understanding these cultural differences can help leaders adapt their management styles to different cultural settings.
Culture / Characteristics of culture / Diversity of Culture
This document discusses the concept of culture. It defines culture as the customs, traditions, attitudes, values, norms, ideas and symbols that govern human behavior patterns. The document then outlines several key characteristics of culture, including that culture is learned behavior, abstract, patterned, includes attitudes/values/knowledge, is shared within a society, is transmitted between generations, and is continually changing. It also notes that language is the chief vehicle for transmitting culture. The document concludes by discussing types of culture like Western, Eastern, Latin, and African culture and the importance of cultural diversity.
Culture introduction
Culture can be defined in several ways, such as shared assumptions that guide a group (Schein), how a group solves problems (Trompenaars), or shared programming of the mind (Hofstede). Culture develops over three stages - birth, mid-life, and maturity. It includes elements like communication, behaviors, experiences, values, and artifacts. Culture is important for organizations as it focuses the human side, facilitates systems, provides meaning, and shapes attitudes. There are multiple layers and theories of culture, and guidelines for developing a stable culture in multinational corporations.
Culture_ Mujeeb Riaz
Culture can be summarized as follows:
1) Culture is the shared way of life of a group of people, including their knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, and habits.
2) A culture encompasses both tangible aspects like material objects as well as intangible aspects like values, beliefs, norms, and ideas.
3) Culture is learned and transmitted between generations, though it also changes over time in response to new technologies and interactions between societies.
Cultural and social forces
Culture is defined as the learned behaviors, traditions, and beliefs shared by a society that are transmitted through social learning. It encompasses symbols, heroes, rituals, values, norms, and attitudes that shape how people interact and live together. A culture influences many aspects of society including business, education, religion, and perceptions of time. Understanding a culture is essential for international business success as cultural distance and ethnocentrism can lead to failures if a culture is not properly understood and accommodated.
Study of culture 1213
Culture is defined as the way a group of people adapts to their environment and background through a collection of shared values, customs, and traditions. These elements shape how the group behaves and are passed down through the socialization process, in which people learn the acceptable and expected aspects of their own culture from a young age. Improper socialization can lead to a person not properly fitting into or understanding their cultural group.
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Culture
Culture is a way of life. The food you eat, the clothes you wear, the language you speak in and the God you worship all are aspects of culture. In very simple terms, we can say that culture is the embodiment of the way in which we think and do things. It is also the thing that we have inherited as members of society. All the achievements of human beings as members of social groups can be called culture. Art, music, literature, architecture, sculpture, philosophy, religion and science can be seen as aspects of culture. However, culture also includes the customs, traditions, festivals, ways of living and one’s outlook on various
issues of life.
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This document discusses the concept of culture. It defines culture as the customs, traditions, attitudes, values, norms, ideas and symbols that govern human behavior patterns. The document then outlines several key characteristics of culture, including that culture is learned behavior, abstract, patterned, includes attitudes/values/knowledge, is shared within a society, is transmitted between generations, and is continually changing. It also notes that language is the chief vehicle for transmitting culture. The document concludes by discussing types of culture like Western, Eastern, Latin, and African culture and the importance of cultural diversity.
Culture introduction
Culture can be defined in several ways, such as shared assumptions that guide a group (Schein), how a group solves problems (Trompenaars), or shared programming of the mind (Hofstede). Culture develops over three stages - birth, mid-life, and maturity. It includes elements like communication, behaviors, experiences, values, and artifacts. Culture is important for organizations as it focuses the human side, facilitates systems, provides meaning, and shapes attitudes. There are multiple layers and theories of culture, and guidelines for developing a stable culture in multinational corporations.
Culture_ Mujeeb Riaz
Culture can be summarized as follows:
1) Culture is the shared way of life of a group of people, including their knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, and habits.
2) A culture encompasses both tangible aspects like material objects as well as intangible aspects like values, beliefs, norms, and ideas.
3) Culture is learned and transmitted between generations, though it also changes over time in response to new technologies and interactions between societies.
Cultural and social forces
Culture is defined as the learned behaviors, traditions, and beliefs shared by a society that are transmitted through social learning. It encompasses symbols, heroes, rituals, values, norms, and attitudes that shape how people interact and live together. A culture influences many aspects of society including business, education, religion, and perceptions of time. Understanding a culture is essential for international business success as cultural distance and ethnocentrism can lead to failures if a culture is not properly understood and accommodated.
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Culture
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Culture can be summarized in 3 sentences:
Culture is the shared knowledge, beliefs, norms, and practices of a group. It includes material and nonmaterial elements that are learned and transmitted intergenerationally. Different theoretical perspectives view culture as functional for society, a site of conflict and inequality, or as dynamic and open to various interpretations.
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Culture is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed between generations in a society. It consists of both material objects like clothing and shelters, as well as nonmaterial elements like beliefs and values. Key components of culture include symbols, language, norms, and sanctions or rewards for behaviors. Cultural change occurs through discovery, invention, and diffusion between groups. Societies exhibit cultural diversity, subcultures, and countercultures. Examining culture from functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interactionist perspectives provides different views on its role and influence in society.
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Solution
Culture can be defined as the characteristics and knowledge of a group of people. Language,
religion, cuisine, social habits, music, arts, literature all come under the broad umbrella of
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pattern, interactions, cognitive constructs and understanding that have been accquired by
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Culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, behaviors, and objects that represent a society's way of life. It includes both material and non-material aspects of a group. Culture is learned, shared, transmitted between generations, and dynamic. It provides structure to society and guides behaviors, decisions, and communication. A key component of culture is its symbols, values, and norms which dictate what is considered acceptable or desirable within a group.
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The document discusses the need for an integrated approach to urban planning. An integrated approach combines all relevant factors like economic, social, and environmental costs and benefits. It ensures participation from all stakeholders and departments. Some key advantages include more sustainable solutions and increased resources by having more actors involved. Success requires communication between actors, identifying common goals, and managing the planning process. Effective strategies integrate the environment into existing urban planning tools rather than separate approaches. An integrated approach considers all environmental, social, and economic impacts across sectors and natural resources. Modern cities like Shanghai are examples where an integrated planning approach includes energy aspects at the urban form, mobility, building, and living levels.
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Planning concept of Chandigarh city.
Chandigarh is India's first planned city, designed by French architect Le Corbusier. It is a union territory serving as the joint capital of Punjab and Haryana. The city was planned on a grid system divided into sectors with strict architectural controls. Each sector is self-sufficient and includes amenities like schools and shops. The road network follows a "7Vs" system separating vehicles and pedestrians. Landscaping and open spaces were an important part of the original plan.
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The document discusses the concept and principles of neighborhood planning. Neighborhood planning aims to give communities direct power to develop a shared vision for their neighborhood and shape development in their local area. It involves planning for housing, businesses, transportation, renewable energy, and other infrastructure. The purpose is to create safe, healthy neighborhoods where residents have walking access to schools, shops, work, and recreation. Sustainable principles of neighborhood planning include thorough preparation, building on neighborhood assets, involving residents, building neighborhood capacity, transparency, and democratic decision-making.
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The neighborhood is defined as a combination of two or more mohallas according to the National Reference Manual. It can also be defined as the smallest unit which serves the local community and encourages neighborhood spirit. Characteristics of a neighborhood include a secondary school, mosque, and population of around 25,000 people. Neighborhood planning was conceived as a means to insulate communities from increasing traffic and gives residents power to develop a shared vision and shape local development. Elements of neighborhood planning include facilities, sector size, street systems, boundaries, and layout of buildings. The goals are to foster socialization, support a safe environment, provide safety and share public amenities.
Modern city islamabad
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Modern city brasilia
Brasilia is the purpose-built capital of Brazil, located in the center-west region. It was founded in 1960 to serve as a new, more centrally located capital instead of Rio de Janeiro. Brasilia has a planned, sector-based design and is a center of government, hosting the branches of the federal government and over 100 foreign embassies. While initially planned for 500,000 people, Brasilia's population has grown faster due to internal migration and now numbers over 2.5 million.
Layout plan of housing
This document discusses housing layout plans and public facilities. It describes basic building forms like blocks, towers, and courtyard apartments. Blocks are wider than they are tall with apartments arranged along a central corridor. Towers have a vertical form and centralized zone. Courtyard apartments provide side open spaces like communal courtyards. Rectilinear street grids create uniform blocks and intersecting streets, while cul-de-sacs are closed roads with one inlet/outlet. Public facilities provided by the government include services that cannot be supplied to individual homes, and satisfy community needs for safety, communication, recreation, education, health, culture and administration.
Layout plan of housing blocks and public facilities and services
This document discusses layout patterns for housing blocks and public facilities and services. It defines layout as an arrangement or plan, especially the schematic arrangement of parts or areas. It then describes common layout patterns like rectilinear/gridiron layouts with uniform blocks and right angle streets, cul-de-sacs which limit through traffic, and radiocentric, star, and ring patterns. It also defines public facilities and services as infrastructure financed by the government like roads, transportation, utilities, schools, hospitals and discusses their significance for quality of life.
Layout of roads and streets
The document discusses the layout of roads and streets. For roads, it describes the information needed in schematic layouts submitted for review, including general project details, interchange and alignment locations, profiles, typical sections, and traffic volumes. For streets, it emphasizes that layout is important for travel and connecting neighborhoods. New developments should encourage walking, cycling and public transit by prioritizing people over traffic and creating well-connected, safe and accessible places. Quality design considers accessibility, efficient use of space, and integrating with neighboring areas through scale, density and access.
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Landscaping involves modifying the visible features of an area of land through living elements like plants, natural elements like landforms, and abstract elements like weather. Landscaping is important for making yards beautiful and enhancing the environment. Objectives of landscaping include maintaining urban landscape character, preserving trees and grass, and enhancing public spaces. Open spaces are undeveloped land accessible to the public, such as parks, playgrounds, and vacant lots. They provide recreation and beautify neighborhoods. Guidelines for open spaces recommend they be adequately sized, accessible, well-designed, protected from wind, have amenities, access to sunlight, lighting, and be open and safe for public use.
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British planning practices in Pakistan and India began in the 19th century when the British arrived and began changing existing towns. During the British period, cantonment towns and civil lines were built adjacent to existing settlements. To improve civic conditions, the British introduced improvement trusts like the Bombay Improvement Trust in 1898 to implement town planning schemes and clear poorer homes from city centers, though many residents were not rehoused. In 1915, Patrick Geddes visited India and proposed collecting data and using "conservative surgery" for existing cities. The British emphasized functional efficiency, public health, and segregating land uses in their planning concepts. They also established the railway system, beginning with a proposed line from Karachi to Kotri in 1858.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
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Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
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3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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3.social and cultural_values
- 1. BY NOSHAD AHMED 15CRP46 CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING DEPARTMENT MUET JAMSHORO Social and cultural values
- 2. The ideas, customs, and social behaviour of a particular people or society Definition of culture Culture is shaped by norms and values
- 3. What is Culture? “the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one human group over another… Culture, in this sense, includes systems of values; and values are among the building blocks of culture” Geert Hofstede
- 6. How is culture expressed?
- 7. How is culture expressed?
- 8. How is culture expressed?
- 10. What values does your culture have? Value: things that people have strong beliefs about in society. What is considered normal in your culture? Norm: behaviour that is considered normal in any society. Norms and values Answers of these questions Varies area to area.
- 11. Which norms are being demonstrated here?