Presentation: Novel Materials: Production, Processing and Performance Plastics and metals are the dominant materials in the current 3D printing field. This talk looked at lesser publicized materials and related processes. Specifically, ceramics, graphene (and other nano-materials), hydro & aerogels in the context of 3D printing. The current academic research, commercial applications (and relevant patents), production of materials and the possible future developments will be reviewed with reference to independent research conducted for this presentation.

1. Novel Materials
Production, Processing & Performance
Michael Petch

2. Michael Petch
2014 2015 2016

3. One word.
Polymers.

5. Patent Application
3-5 years
Commercialization
(?)
© Gridlogics: http://www.patentinsightpro.com/techreports.html

6. Venus of Dolni
Vestonice
27,000 years old
Clay
Athenian Mixing
Bowl
1,500 years old
Red figure, 3 phase
firing
Ming Dynasty Flask
600 years old
Porcelain
CERAMICS?

7. Why Ceramics, Nano & Other
Novel Materials?
1. Biomedical
6. Low Cost Feedstock?5. Molding
3. Space Exploration 4. Nonlinear Meta-materials
2. Lasers
10. Lasers9. Semi Conductors
7. Scalable 8. New Uses & Markets

8. Ceramics
Definition
• Inorganic
• Nonmetallic Solid
• Most elements
• Most bonding types
• All levels of
crystallinity
Properties
• Aesthetics
• High Melting Temp.
• High Hardness
• High Elastic Modulus
• High Chemical
Resistance
• Low Conductivity
(electric & thermal)
NB: There are exceptions to every rule

9. Ceramics: Production Methods
- Off the shelf
- Filament
- Powders
- Inhibitors

10. Ceramics: Processing Methods
- Porous vs. Dense
- Extrusion
- Sintering
- (SLA, SLS, SIS, SLM, SLB)
- Jet Methods
- Self-glazing
- EBM?

11. Ceramics: Performance
- Biomedical
- Aerospace
- Construction
- Electronics
- Other

12. Ceramics: Challenges
- Feedstock Preparation
- Material Optimization
- Current Technology

13. Nanomaterials
Definition
• Any material having
a structure that has
been designed at the
nanoscale. - ISO
• Commonly 1-100
nano-meters.
Properties
• Adjust size to find
new properties
• Strength
• Carrier Charge
Mobility
• Flexibility
• Super Lubricity

14. Nanomaterials: Production Methods
Bottom-up (miniaturization: self-assembly)
-Laser Ablation, Pulse Femtosecond Laser
-Arc, Combustion, Limiting Growth Solution
-Chemical Vapor Precipitation
Top-down (macroscopic pattern)
-Cutting, grinding
-Lithography
-Solution Phase Exfoliation

15. Nanomaterials: Processing Methods
- FDM/FFF
- Sintering Techniques
- Two Photon Fabrication
- Aerosol Jet
- Laser Inducted Forward Transfer
- LIFT

16. Nanomaterials: Performance
- Biomedical
- PCB
- Flexible/Disposable Electronics
- Wi-Fi
- Photovoltaic
- Batteries
- Passive Sensors (Quantum Entanglement)

17. Nanomaterials: Challenges
- Compatibility
- Cost
- Environmental Stability
- Dispersal
- Processing Conditions
- H&S?

18. Other Novel Materials &
Methods
Materials
• Glass
Borosilicate- lenses
(withstand temp.
fluctuation
• Composites
- Beyond silicon
- Metamaterials
Methods
• Aerogels
- liquid smoke
- ultralight
- optimization
• Hydrogels
- mimics ECM
- biofabrication
scaffolds

19. Novel Materials
Production, Processing & Performance
michael@black-dog-consulting.com
@MichaellPetch
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