The document discusses metamaterials and their applications. It begins with defining metamaterials as artificially engineered materials with properties not found in nature. It then discusses techniques for achieving negative permeability and permittivity values, challenges in optical metamaterials, and applications including 3D metamaterials, slow light, cloaking, chiral metamaterials, and superlensing. The talk is divided into sections on different metamaterial topics that will be covered.
This ppt give an idea about what metamaterial is? how are they formed? and introduces to the techniques to analyze them. A few applications of metamaterials are also mentioned.
DPS material
DNG material ( Do not depend on the chemical composition, Depend on the geometry of the structure units, Metamaterials are artificial engineered composite structures, Not commonly found in nature)
MNG material
ENG material
Metematterials are artificial structures designed to have unique properties not found in common materials such as negative refractive index, elasticity, can modify sound waves, enhance radiated power ect.
This ppt give an idea about what metamaterial is? how are they formed? and introduces to the techniques to analyze them. A few applications of metamaterials are also mentioned.
DPS material
DNG material ( Do not depend on the chemical composition, Depend on the geometry of the structure units, Metamaterials are artificial engineered composite structures, Not commonly found in nature)
MNG material
ENG material
Metematterials are artificial structures designed to have unique properties not found in common materials such as negative refractive index, elasticity, can modify sound waves, enhance radiated power ect.
Meta materials are advance materials with negative refractive index, they show excellent applications like cloaking effect, super lens, WMD detectors also flying doughnut etc. They are very futuristic . This presentation explains the basic definition, history, scientific principle and its applications etc.
Hello, I am Subhajit Pramanick. I and my classmate, Anannya Sahaw, both presented this ppt in seminar of our Institute, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. The topic of this presentation is on exchange interaction and their consequences. It includes the basic of exchange interaction, the origin of it, classification of it and their discussions etc. We hope you will all enjoy by reading this presentation. Thank you.
Metamaterial is an arrangement of artificial structural elements, designed to achieve advantageous and unusual electromagnetic properties
meta = beyond (Greek)
II. Charge transport and nanoelectronics.
Quantum Hall Effect: 2D electron gas (2DEG) in magnetic field, Landau levels, de Haas-van Alphen and Shubnikov-de Haas Effects, integer and fractional quantum Hall effects, Spin Hall Effect.
Quantum transport: Transport regimes and mesoscopic quantum transport, Scattering theory of conductance and Landauer-Buttiker formalism, Quantum point contacts, Quantum electronics and selected examples of mesoscopic devices (quantum interference devices).
Tunneling: Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (and wavefunction mapping in nanostructures and molecules), Nanoelectronic devices based on tunneling, Coulomb blockade, Single electron transistors, Kondo effect.
Molecular electronics: Donor-Acceptor systems, Nanoscale charge transfer, Electronic properties and transport in molecules and biomolecules; single molecule transistors.
Using Metamaterial as Optical Perfect AbsorberSepehr A. Benis
Article review and presentation on basics of using metamaterials as optical perfect absorbers
Metamaterial Course Final Project ( Optional Graduate Course )
Dr. Leyla Yousefi
Meta materials are advance materials with negative refractive index, they show excellent applications like cloaking effect, super lens, WMD detectors also flying doughnut etc. They are very futuristic . This presentation explains the basic definition, history, scientific principle and its applications etc.
Hello, I am Subhajit Pramanick. I and my classmate, Anannya Sahaw, both presented this ppt in seminar of our Institute, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur. The topic of this presentation is on exchange interaction and their consequences. It includes the basic of exchange interaction, the origin of it, classification of it and their discussions etc. We hope you will all enjoy by reading this presentation. Thank you.
Metamaterial is an arrangement of artificial structural elements, designed to achieve advantageous and unusual electromagnetic properties
meta = beyond (Greek)
II. Charge transport and nanoelectronics.
Quantum Hall Effect: 2D electron gas (2DEG) in magnetic field, Landau levels, de Haas-van Alphen and Shubnikov-de Haas Effects, integer and fractional quantum Hall effects, Spin Hall Effect.
Quantum transport: Transport regimes and mesoscopic quantum transport, Scattering theory of conductance and Landauer-Buttiker formalism, Quantum point contacts, Quantum electronics and selected examples of mesoscopic devices (quantum interference devices).
Tunneling: Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (and wavefunction mapping in nanostructures and molecules), Nanoelectronic devices based on tunneling, Coulomb blockade, Single electron transistors, Kondo effect.
Molecular electronics: Donor-Acceptor systems, Nanoscale charge transfer, Electronic properties and transport in molecules and biomolecules; single molecule transistors.
Using Metamaterial as Optical Perfect AbsorberSepehr A. Benis
Article review and presentation on basics of using metamaterials as optical perfect absorbers
Metamaterial Course Final Project ( Optional Graduate Course )
Dr. Leyla Yousefi
Calculation of Optical Properties of Nano ParticlePHYSICS 5535- .docxRAHUL126667
Calculation of Optical Properties of Nano Particle
PHYSICS 5535- Optical Properties Matter-Spring 2017
Raznah Yami
Outline
1. Introduction: this part gives a precise overview of the whole paper. It begins by illustrating a brief introduction and importance of Nano Particles and the theoretical approaches used for their calculation.
2. Main idea: this section provides a step-by-step in-depth analysis of recently developed theories the calculation of optical properties of nanoparticles. It also provides calculation and equations employed these approaches.
2.1 Optical Properties of Nanoparticles: this section talks about the basics principles and governing the optical behavior of Nano particles and provides in-depth knowledge of different phenomena observed while dealing with optical properties of Nano particles.
2.2 Mie-Theory: the research provides exhaustive information the study optical properties of nanoparticles using Mie theory. This research focuses on Mie theory for the calculation of optical properties of Nano particle according to which we can calculate the place of surface Plasmon resonance in optical spectra of metallic spherical nanoparticle.
2.3 Discrete Dipole Approximation method: this section enumerates sufficient information about the calculation of absorption and scattering efficiencies and optical resonance wavelengths for three commonly used classes of nanoparticles: gold Nano spheres, silica-gold Nano shells, and gold Nano rods and we examine the magneto-optical scattering from nanometer-scale structures using a discrete dipole approximation.
3. Conclusion: This section provides a summary of the most important points, which presents an overview of the practical application and calculation methods of optical properties of Nano particles talking about core principles, which therefore explain the behavior exhibited by nanoparticles.
List of figures:
Figure 1: Localized surface Plasmon resonance ,resulting from the collective oscillations of delocalized electrons in response to an external electric field
Figure 2: Absorption spectra of semiconductor nanoparticles of different diameter. Right-nanoparticles suspended in solution.
Figure 3: Comparison of absorbance along increasing wavelength between Nano GaAs (7-15 nm) and Bulk GaAs showing an apparent blue shift
Figure 4: Showing the effect of blue shift because of quantum confinement as the wavelength shifts from 1100 nm to 2000 nm when we move from particle size of 9nm to parcile size of 3 nm.
Figure 5: Emission spectra of several sizes of (Cdse) Zns core-shell quantum dots.
Figure 6: The optical spectra and transmission electron micrographs for the particles in vials 1–5 are also shown. Scale bars in micrographs are all 100 nm
Figure7: Shows the effect of varying relative core and shell thickness of gold Nano Shells, there is an apparent blue shift as the frequency increases
References:
1. . P. S. Per ...
Introduction to nanoscience and nanotechnologyaimanmukhtar1
Introduction of nanoscience/nanotechnology ,properties/potential applications of nanomaterials and electrodeposition of metal single component and alloy nanowires in AAO template
In mineral science, there are several analytical instruments used for various purpose, viz…
Scanning electron microscopy
X-ray diffraction
Transmission electron microscopy
X-ray fluorescence
Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy
Electron microprobe analysis
Secondary ion mass spectrometry
Atomic force microscopy
Heterostructures, HBTs and Thyristors : Exploring the "different"Shuvan Prashant
This presentation aims at presenting the concepts of heterostructures : a structure resulting from semiconductors of different band gaps are used to form junctions. These junctions could have interesting effects due the potentials formed by the bands at the interfaces.
This presentation aims at introducing the concepts of soliton propagation. The solitons are a result of nonlinear optical interaction of light pulses within optical fibers.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
2. Talk Outline
What is a metamaterial?
How to get negative µ and ε
Technical Challenges
Applications
3D Metamaterials
Slow Light
Superlens
Chiral Metamaterials
Metamaterial Cloak
3. Classifying Materials
based on electromagnetic response (µ,ε)
ε<0, µ>0
Metals ,Doped
Semiconductors
Evanescent waves
ε>0, µ> 0
Most Dielectrics
Propagating Waves
ε<0, µ<0
No natural
Materials
Propagating Waves
ε>0, µ<0
Some ferrites
Evanescent waves
ε
µ III
III IV
4. What is a metamaterial ?
‘Meta’ means Beyond
Metamaterial is an artificially engineered composite of
periodic or non-periodic structures with exotic
macroscopic properties that are not found in Nature.
5. Where do metamaterials fit
in Optical Engineering ?
a<< λ
Effective medium
Approximation with
Maxwell Equations
a~λ
Structure dominates
Properties
determined by
diffraction and
interference
a>>λ
Properties
described by
geometrical optics
and ray tracing
Examples
Optical Crystals
Metamaterials
Examples
Photonic Crystals
X Ray diffraction
Radar Systems
Examples
Lens Systems
Shadows
a/λ0 1 ∞
6. )1)(1( iin )()1( i
2
)(
1
i
t
D
jHD
t
B
EB
,.
,0.
In 1968,
Victor Veselago theoretically proved that we can have material
with
Maxwell’s equations
2
n
i
i
Real part is negative,
Generally imaginary parts are >0
since they characterizes light absorption
Imaginary part of n has to be positive for any passive material.
Therefore minus sign must be chosen
Both ε´ < 0 and μ´ < 0 is possible ,
But not the only approach to achieving a negative n
Equation ε´|μ| + μ´|ε| < 0 must be obeyed to get negative n
Simultaneously negative ε and μ
8. Poynting Vector S: The direction of the
energy is determined by the real part of
the vector
Reversed
Doppler shift
EHk
HEk
ε<0,μ<0
E,H,K form a left-
handed triplet
ε>0,μ>0
E,H,K form a right-
handed triplet
HES
2
1
Left or Right ?
9. How to Get ε<0 Noble metals
Assuming Drude Model for permittivity Silver parameters
Plasma frequency
depends on geometry
rather than on material
properties
A periodic array of thin
metal wires with
r<<a<<λ
can acts as a low
frequency plasma
ε<0
10. How to get μ < 0 : Split Ring Resonator
Bulk metal has
no magnetism
in optics
A metal ring : weak
magnetic response
Current induced by H
A Split ring : magnetic
resonance due to LC
Double Split ring :
Enhanced magnetic
resonance
L
C
LC
res
1
Hind
Hext
12. Technical Challenges
Optical Metamaterials
3D Metamaterials
Loss Compensation in Metamaterials
Incorporate Gain Media
Coupling Effects in Meta-atoms
Metamolecules?
Slow Light
Fano Resonances
14. What we will focus on…
Optical Metamaterials
3D Metamaterials
Slow Light
Cloaks
Chiral Metamaterials
Superlens
15. How low can you go ? Scaling Limit of SRRs
• Saturation of resonance frequency with scaling
• Reason Loss in metal giving rise to kinetic inductance
• Finite electron mobility
;coilL size
1
kineticL
size
;total coil kineticL L L
total sizeC
2
1 1 1
( . / ).( . )total total
res
L C A size A size C size size const
16. Fishnet Structure : ε<0, μ<0
Nanostrip pair (TM):
Magnetic field applied along the
nanostrip. µ < 0 (resonant)
Nanostrip pair (TE):
Electric field applied along the
nanostrip. ε < 0 (non-resonant)
Fishnet - Combination of
Nanostrip pair in TM and TE:
µ < 0 and ε < 0
H
E
K
Nanostrip consists of 2 layers of
metal separated by a dielectric
spacer layer.
Dielectric Metal
24. In conclusion
• Traditionally Question: Which material has
desired optical properties ?
• New Question: How to engineer/design
materials to achieve desired optical
properties ?
– Answer: Metamaterials
• Dispersion engineering(Tamper ε and μ)
– Change how light interacts with matter
– Slow Light, Cloaking, Superlensing,
Thank You ALL, Q?A!
25. Divide and Rule
• Kain Lu LowChiral
• Zhang Taishi Slow light
• Shuvan Prashant3D Meta
• Zhao WenWen Cloak
• Naomi
Nandakumar
Super
Lens
26. References
• General
– Veselago, Soviet Physics Uspekhi 10 509, (1968)
– Liu & Zhang, Chem. Soc. Rev ., 40, 2 494–2507, (2011)
– Optical Metamaterials, Wenshan Cai and Vladimir Shalaev, 1st Edition,
Springer.(2010) and references therein.
– Shalaev, Nature Photonics, 1 ,41(2007)
• 3D Metamaterials
– Soukoulis and Wegener, Nature Photonics Published online, doi:
10.1038/nphoton.2011.154, (2011) and references therein
• Slow Light and Fano Resonances
– Lukyanchuk et al , Nature Materials, doi: 10.1038/nmat2810, (2010)
– Papasimakis et al, Optics and Photonics News, 20(10), 22-27 (2009)
• Cloaks
– Chen et al, Nature Materials, doi: 10.1038/nmat2743 2010
– Tolga, Ergin et al Science 328, 337(2010)
• Chiral Metamaterials
– Gansel et al, Science 325, 1513(2009)
– Plum et al, Physical Review B 79, 035407 (2009)
– Radke et al, Advanced Materials23(27), 3018-3021, (2011)
• Superlens
– Zhang & Liu, Nature Materials 7,435, (2008)
its man-made artifical atoms which has its own fuequency
Chiral Metamaterial is composed of particles that cannot be superimposed on their mirror image.
Left and right-handed circularly polarized light propagating in a chiral medium, the refractive index is : Hence, refractive index can be negative for sufficiently large Κ. It provides alternative route to realize the negative refractive index.
Slow light is light with reduced group velocity. Group velocity determines how fast the wave packet travels, or energy transmits, it’s dependent on both material refractive index as well as how fast refractive index changes with frequency, or dispersion. So to achieve slow light, drastic change of refractive index over short spectrum is needed.
Ref: 2007_nature_MM slow light; 2010_NMaterial_Fano Resonances in plasmonic NS and MMs