Nanomaterial application in healthcare

1. NANOMATERIAL APPLICATION IN
HEALTHCARE
PREPARED BY (EH220/1D) :
MUHAMMAD AZFAR BIN RUSLAN
EISYA NATASHA BINTI AZHARI
SAKINAH BINTI ABD RAZAK
NURULSYAZWANI BINTI MUEEDIN
NURUL AINUL AKHMAL BINTI SULAIMAN
CHE434:PROCESS CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 6: FRONTIER CHEMISTRY

2.  Role of nanomaterials in healthcare
In this topics:
 Usage of nanomaterials in medical treatment
 Fabrication for nanomaterials
 Dendrimers
 Nanoparticles
 Carbon nanotubes

3. ROLE OF NANOMATERIALS IN
HEALTHCARE
• Nanotechnology in healthcare is used to treat cancer and neuro degenerative
disorder such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease.
• Yet, this nanomaterial and nanotechnology is widely used in cancer
treatment.
• There are many nano products used in this treatment such as dendrimers,
nanoparticle and carbon nanotubes.

4. USES OF NANOMATERIALS IN
MEDICAL TREATMENT
CARBON NANOTUBES
• Uses nanotubes and gold nanoparticles to detect proteins that indicate the presence
of oral cancer.
• Lens coated with carbon nanotubes is used to convert light from a laser to focused
sound waves.
• Carbon nanotubes is used to change adult stem cells into a type of cell that may
help heal damaged heart tissue.
• Using nanotubes as a cellular scale needle to deliver quantum dots and proteins into
cancer cells.

5. NANOPARTICLES
• The use of polymeric micelle nanoparticles to deliver drugs to tumors.
• The use of polymer coated in iron oxide nanoparticles to break up clusters
of bacteria, possibly allowing more effective treatment of chronic bacterial
infections.
DENDRIMERS
• Drug Delivery and Targeting
• Gene Delivery
• In boron neutron capture therapy

6. DENDRIMERS
• Man made nanoscale compound
with unique properties that useful
in health and pharmaceutical
industry.
• Range size of dendrimers is 1-100
nanometer.
• Constructed by the successive
addition of layers of branching
groups.

7. DENDRIMERS
• DIVERGENT METHOD
• CONVERGENT METHOD
• DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL AND MIXED GROWTH METHOD

8. DIVERGENT METHOD
• Assemble the molecules from the core, extending radially to the periphery

9. CONVERGENT METHOD
• Start at the surface and proceed inwards, before the attachment of the pre-
synthesized dendrons to the core

10. DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL AND MIXED
GROWTH METHOD
• A rapid growth technique for linear polymer.

11. NANOPARTICLES
• The surface change of protein filled nanoparticles has been shown to affect
the ability of the nanoparticle to stimulate immune responses. These
nanoparticles may be used in inhalable vaccines.
• Cerium oxide nanoparticles act as antioxidant to remove oxygen free radicals
that are present in a patient’s bloodstream following a traumatic injury.

12. FABRICATION OF NANOPARTICLES
BY LASER ABLATION
(BOTTOM UP)

13. LASER ABLATION METHOD
• A pulsed laser vaporize a
graphite target in a high
temperature reactor.

15. 1. 2.
3. 4.
Laser beam is shot to a metal thread Metal thread is being vaporized
into nanoparticles
Metal nanoparticles is then mixed
with desired DNAs and peptide
DNAs and peptides will attached themselves
to the nanoparticles

17. CARBON NANOTUBES
• A Carbon Nanotube is a tube-shaped material, made of carbon, having a
diameter measuring on the nanometer scale.
• Carbon Nanotubes are formed from essentially the graphite sheet and the
graphite layer appears somewhat like a rolled-up continuous unbroken
hexagonal mesh and carbon molecules at the apexes of the hexagons.
• Nanotubes are members of the fullerene structural family.
• Their name is derived from their long, hollow structure with the walls
formed by one atom thick sheets of carbon, called graphene.

19. CARBON NANOTUBES
FABRICATION OF NANOTUBE
BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION
(BOTTOM UP)

20. CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION
• A mixture of hydrocarbon, metal catalyst and inert gas is flowed into
reaction chamber.

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3.
2.
4.

22. 8.7.
6.
5.

24. REFERENCES
• Carbon Nanotubes in Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved from www.understandingnano.com/carbon-nanotubes-medicine.html
• Carbon nanotube. (n.d.). Retrieved December 18, 2016, from http://www.slideshare.net/ANURAGTIWARI46/carbon-nanotube-
57286216
• P. S. (n.d.). Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes. Retrieved December 18, 2016, from http://www.physik.fu-
berlin.de/einrichtungen/ag/ag-reich/lehre/Archiv/ss2011/docs/Polina_Shifrina-Handout.pdf
• Technique For Synthesising Nanomaterials. (n.d.). Retrieved December 18, 2016, from
https://www.ttu.ee/public/m/Mehaanikateaduskond/Instituudid/Materjalitehnika_instituut/MTX9100/Lecture11_Synthesis.pdf
• M., T. (2015). Nanoparticle Synthesis, Characterization and Its Applications in Cancer Drug Delivery- A Review . 1(1). Retrieved
December 18, 2016, from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283477853_Nanoparticle_Synthesis_Characterization_and_Its_Applications_in_Cancer
_Drug_Delivery-A_Review.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=19nzPt62UPg
• A. (n.d.). Nanotechnology and its Applications in Medicine. Retrieved December 18, 2016, from
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/nanotechnology-and-its-applications-in-medicine-2161-0444-1000247.php?aid=41535
• DENDRIMERS. (n.d.). Retrieved December 17, 2016, from http://www.slideshare.net/SAIKATGHOSH58/dendrimers-11053327