3 english 101 تلخيص مادة

‫هادة‬ ‫تلخيص‬
ENGLISH 101
‫الذبلوم‬ ‫جلنت‬
‫الطالباى‬ ‫إعذاد‬
‫عكه‬ ‫حتسني‬ ‫إبراهين‬|‫الشواكري‬ ‫حسي‬ ‫عبذهلل‬

2
‫ىٍزننل‬‫ى‬‫ىج‬‫ا‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬
ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬ ً‫وه‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫جلنخ‬ ‫إجنبساد‬ ٌ‫أضخ‬ ‫ىٍزننل‬‫ى‬‫ىج‬‫ا‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫جلنخ‬ ٌ‫ىن‬ ً‫رقذ‬ ٌٍ‫ىزح‬‫ا‬ ِ‫ىزمح‬‫ا‬ ‫اهلل‬ ٌ‫ثس‬,ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬
‫وٍسبعذره‬ ‫ىت‬‫ب‬‫ىط‬‫ا‬ ‫خذٍخ‬ ‫خاله‬ ٍِ ‫اهلل‬ ‫اىل‬ ‫ىيزقزة‬ ‫وسٍيخ‬ ً‫ه‬ ‫وإمنب‬ ‫ىصٍذ‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ىشهزح‬‫ا‬ ‫ىنست‬ ‫ىٍسذ‬ ‫وسٍيخ‬ ‫عجبرح‬ ً‫ه‬
‫املزاجعخ‬ ‫وحمبضزاد‬ ‫احملىسجخ‬ ‫االسئيخ‬ ‫وثنىك‬ ‫ىزالخٍص‬‫ا‬ ً‫وه‬ ‫ٍزقذٍخ‬ ‫ٍزحيخ‬ ‫اىل‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ب‬‫ث‬ ‫ىقفش‬‫ا‬ ‫خاله‬ ٍِ‫و‬ ‫ٍقبثو‬ ُ‫ثذو‬
‫ىيَىاد‬ ‫ىىافٍخ‬‫ا‬ ‫ىزالخٍص‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫االسئيخ‬ ‫وثنىك‬ ‫املزاجع‬ ‫ورىفري‬ ‫احملىسجخ‬,‫ىعَو‬‫ا‬ ٍِ ‫مبٍيخ‬ ‫سنخ‬ ‫ّزبج‬ ِ‫ع‬ ‫عجبرح‬ ‫ىعَو‬‫ا‬ ‫هذا‬
‫اىل‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬ ‫ورزفزع‬ ‫األمبدميٍخ‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫ىيجنخ‬ ‫املزىاصو‬5ً‫ه‬ ‫فزعٍخ‬ ‫ئت‬‫ب‬‫حق‬:‫مجٍع‬ ‫عيى‬ ‫وحتزىي‬ ‫االوىل‬ ‫ىىرقخ‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬
‫اهلنذسٍخ‬ ‫وغري‬ ‫اهلنذسٍخ‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫ختصصبد‬ ‫جلٍَع‬ ‫االوىل‬ ‫ىىرقخ‬‫ا‬ ‫ملىاد‬ ‫االسئيخ‬ ‫وثنىك‬ ‫ىزالخٍص‬‫ا‬,‫وحتزىي‬ ‫ٍّخ‬‫ب‬‫ىث‬‫ا‬ ‫ىىرقخ‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬
‫اهلنذسٍخ‬ ‫ىيزخصصبد‬ ‫ٍّخ‬‫ب‬‫ىث‬‫ا‬ ‫ىىرقخ‬‫ا‬ ‫ملىاد‬ ‫االسئيخ‬ ‫وثنىك‬ ‫ٌص‬‫ال‬‫خت‬ ‫عيى‬,‫واملعَبري‬ ًّ‫ذ‬‫امل‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬,‫املسبحخ‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬
‫ٍّل‬‫ب‬‫املٍن‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬,‫ىنٍَبوي‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬
......(ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬)‫األمبدميٍخ‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫جلنخ‬ ‫إعذاد‬ ٍِ.....
‫عكه‬‫حتسني‬‫إبراهيى‬(‫َيت‬‫ذ‬‫امل‬‫اهلنذست‬),‫نشىاكري‬‫ا‬ٍ‫حس‬‫عبذاهلل‬(‫ئيت‬‫ب‬‫نكهرب‬‫ا‬‫اهلنذست‬)
.....‫األسئيخ‬ ‫وثنىك‬ ‫ىزالخٍص‬‫ا‬(‫ىشاٍٍخ‬‫ا‬ ‫غري‬ ‫ٍنهب‬ ‫ىذراسخ‬‫ا‬)‫ىنفسل‬ ‫ّزقبدك‬‫إ‬‫ث‬ ‫احزفظ‬ ‫ىل‬‫ذ‬‫ى‬....
........‫فٍهب‬ ‫املىجىدح‬ ‫االسئيخ‬ ٌ‫م‬ ‫ثسجت‬ ‫ىزالخٍص‬‫ا‬‫و‬ ‫ىجنىك‬‫ا‬ ‫صفحبد‬ ‫عذد‬ ‫ٌبدح‬‫س‬......
ً‫ىذثى‬‫ا‬ ‫ىيجنخ‬ ‫فقط‬ ‫ربثعخ‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫حقٍجخ‬–‫ىٍزننل‬‫ى‬‫ىج‬‫ا‬–‫ىٍزننل‬‫ى‬‫ىج‬‫ا‬ ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ‫طالة‬ ‫جزوة‬
ً‫ىذثيى‬‫ا‬ ٌ‫قس‬ ِ‫ع‬ ‫ىطالثٍخ‬‫ا‬ ‫اجلَعٍخ‬ ‫عضى‬:‫ىسنز‬‫ا‬ ‫أثى‬ ‫حمَذ‬

3
‫نيتكنك‬‫ى‬‫نب‬‫ا‬ ‫نذبهىو‬‫ا‬‫حقيبت‬:‫األوىل‬‫نىرقت‬‫ا‬
ً‫ال‬‫أو‬:‫يبدة‬English 101
‫ملبدة‬‫شبيم‬‫تهخيص‬English 101:‫عكه‬‫حتسني‬‫ابراهيى‬‫نبني‬‫ب‬‫نط‬‫ا‬‫إعذاد‬,‫نشىاكري‬‫ا‬ٍ‫حس‬‫عبذاهلل‬
‫األسئهت‬‫بنك‬500‫نهًبدة‬‫شبيم‬‫حمهىل‬ ‫سؤال‬:‫عكه‬‫حتسني‬‫ابراهيى‬‫نبني‬‫ب‬‫نط‬‫ا‬‫إعذاد‬,‫نشىاكري‬‫ا‬ٍ‫حس‬‫عبذاهلل‬
ً‫ب‬‫َي‬‫ب‬‫ث‬:‫احلبسىة‬ ‫يبدة‬
‫األوىل‬‫نهىحذة‬‫شبيم‬‫تهخيص‬(‫فصىل‬‫عشر‬)+‫االوىل‬‫نىحذة‬‫ا‬‫اسئهت‬‫بنك‬350‫نت‬‫ى‬‫حمه‬‫سؤال‬:‫عكه‬‫حتسني‬ ‫ابراهيى‬‫إعذاد‬
ً‫ب‬‫نث‬‫ب‬‫ث‬:‫نعربيت‬‫ا‬‫نهغت‬‫ا‬‫يبدة‬101
‫نهًبدة‬‫ووايف‬‫شبيم‬‫تهخيص‬+‫حمهىل‬‫نشبيم‬‫ا‬‫أسئهت‬ ‫بنك‬:‫نشىاكري‬‫ا‬‫عبذاهلل‬ ٌ‫نبب‬‫ب‬‫نط‬‫ا‬‫إعذاد‬,‫عكه‬‫حتسني‬‫ابراهيى‬
ً‫ب‬‫رابع‬:‫اإلسالييت‬‫نثقبفت‬‫ا‬ ‫يبدة‬
‫نهًبدة‬‫ووايف‬‫شبيم‬‫تهخيص‬+‫ل‬‫حمهى‬‫نشبيم‬‫ا‬‫أسئهت‬‫بنك‬:‫نشىاكري‬‫ا‬‫عبذاهلل‬ ٌ‫نبب‬‫ب‬‫نط‬‫ا‬‫إعذاد‬,‫عكه‬‫إبراهيى‬
‫يت‬‫ر‬‫نعسك‬‫ا‬‫نعهىو‬‫ا‬‫يبدة‬
ٍ‫ي‬‫املعهىيبث‬‫وبنك‬‫تهخيص‬6‫خمتهفت‬‫يراجع‬+‫نذوراث‬‫ا‬‫جلًيع‬‫نشبيم‬‫ا‬‫اسئهت‬‫يعهىيبث‬
‫عكه‬‫حتسني‬ ‫إبراهيى‬ٌ‫نبب‬‫ب‬‫نط‬‫ا‬‫إعذاد‬,‫نشىاكري‬‫ا‬ٍ‫حس‬‫عبذاهلب‬

4
DIPLOMA BAG – ( 552015)
ENGLISH
101
IBRAHEM OKKEH – ABDULAH HASAN

5
ENGLISH 101 - ‫لمادة‬ ‫تلخيص‬
‫الفهرس‬
Present simple Page 6-8 A few | A little Page 46
Present continuous Page 9-11 Too& Enough Page 46
Past simple Page 12-13 Homophones &
Homonyms
Page 47
Past continuous Page 14-16 This| That | These | Those Page 48
Present perfect Page 17-20 One | Ones Page 48-49
For & Since Page 19 Have & Have got Page 49-50
Been & Gone Page 20 Counters Page 50
Present perfect
continuous
Page 21-23 Linking words 51-52
Will Page 24-26 Comparative &
superlative
Page 52-56
Would Page 26-29 Adjectives Page 56-59
Going to Page 29-30 Adverbs Page 59-61
Going to v.s Will Page 31 Could Page 61
In On At Page 32-35 Titles Page 52-63
Should & shouldn’t Page 35-36 vocabulary of Unit 1 Page 63
Tell the time Page 36-37 vocabulary of Unit 2 Page 63-64
Numbers Page 38 Adjective & opposite Page 65
Used to Page 38-39 vocabulary of Unit 3 Page 66-67
Countable &
Uncountable
Page 40-44 Prepositions Page 67
Some & Any Page 44 vocabulary of Unit
5+6+8+9
Page 68-72
Much & Many & A lot
of
Page 45 Pronunciation Page 72-77
How much How Many Page 46 Conditionals Page 78

6
ً‫ال‬‫او‬:‫األزمان‬
The Present simple ‫البسيط‬ ‫المضارع‬
Positive ‫اإليجاب‬‫في‬:
 )I , we , you , they) + V(base) + comp ‫جمع‬
 (He, she, it) + V+(s or es ) + comp ‫مفد‬
Negative ‫النمي‬‫في‬:
 (I , we , you , they) + don’t + V(base) + comp ‫جمع‬
 (He, she, it) +doesn’t + V(base) + comp ‫مفد‬
Question ‫السؤاؿ‬‫في‬:
 Do + (I , we , you , they) + V(base) + comp ‫جمع‬
 Does +( He, she, it) + V(base) + comp ? ‫مفد‬
‫اللخالص‬:‫البسيط‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫المعل‬ ‫ػاعدة‬‫ق‬
‫للمعل‬ Es ,S 1-‫للمعل‬ ‫ضيي‬ ‫المفد‬‫ع‬
2-‫جفد‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ما‬ ‫المعل‬‫يببق‬ ‫الجمع‬‫ع‬
3-‫النمي‬‫الص‬ ‫في‬:
‫جفد‬ ‫المعل‬‫اف‬‫ح‬ ‫مه‬ Doesn’t + V ( base ) *‫الممفد‬:

7
‫جفد‬ ‫المعل‬‫اف‬‫ح‬ ‫مه‬ Don’t + V ( base ) *‫الجمع‬:
When we use the simple present: ‫البسيط‬‫المضارع‬‫سمعمل‬ ‫مق‬
‫ا‬‫لعادات‬(Habits):always- usually- often – some times – normally
‫المكفار‬ ‫ظفوؼ‬:never , rarely , hardly
‫المكفار‬ ‫تعابيف‬:Daily- Weekly- Every- Three times a … - on Monday
‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬:‫أ‬‫إلق‬‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬‫وتبسه‬-‫ب‬ ‫يص‬ ‫ه‬ ‫و‬ ‫علميص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬-‫لخيص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬
‫يص‬ ‫والكه‬ ‫العلميص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬:Water , Animals, books , The brain
‫الشلخيص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬:Age , Name , weight , Job
‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬-:‫فبط‬ ‫المعنق‬‫ه‬ ‫الدليل‬
‫مه‬:‫بالبهس‬ ‫يكهف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬be ))‫تخبب‬ ‫مفد‬ ‫ػاعل‬‫م‬‫ال‬‫اف‬ ‫اذا‬is‫جمع‬‫اف‬ ‫واذا‬are
‫اللخالص‬:‫عادات‬ ‫عن‬ ‫اللديث‬‫عند‬ ‫البسيط‬‫المضارع‬‫سملدـ‬(‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫داام‬ ‫عملما‬ ‫ياا‬ ‫ا‬)‫عن‬ ‫ملدث‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬ ‫أو‬
‫مل‬ ‫لخيص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬ ‫أو‬ ‫والماا‬ ‫والبمف‬ ‫الشمم‬‫مل‬ ‫علميص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬(‫اسكن‬‫اين‬‫اعمل‬‫ذا‬ ‫عمفي‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬)
*‫في‬ ‫هرة‬ ‫المذ‬‫العادلل‬‫علق‬ ‫الدالص‬‫ات‬ ‫الكخ‬ ‫وجهد‬ ‫فيئ‬ ‫عن‬ ‫بسيط‬ ‫ضارع‬ ‫الجملص‬‫اف‬‫عففص‬ ‫يمه‬
‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬‫أو‬ ‫المكفار‬‫تعابيف‬ ‫أو‬‫المكفار‬‫ظفوؼ‬ ‫أو‬‫علق‬ ‫ا‬(‫فبط‬ ‫المعنق‬‫ن‬ ‫ؿ‬ ‫اإلسمد‬‫يمكنن‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫للل‬)
‫قواعد‬‫اضافة‬s‫او‬es‫لالفعال‬:
-‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫ينممي‬ ‫الذي‬‫المعل‬(ssshchzo)‫المعل‬‫ااف‬‫الق‬‫ضيي‬es.(‫بالممخيل‬ ‫ػل‬‫م‬‫بااس‬ ‫ص‬ ‫شفو‬)
-‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫ينممي‬ ‫الذي‬‫المعل‬y‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫بدلما‬ies‫مل‬:hurryhurries.
-‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫ينممي‬ ‫الذي‬‫المعل‬y‫علص‬ ‫فؼ‬ ‫وقبلل‬(aioue)‫ضيي‬s‫مل‬ ‫المعل‬‫ااف‬:playplays.

8
Example: ‫أمثلة‬
1- Teachers Often ………. the students ( support )
2- Ali usually ………… the piano well ( play )
3- Huda …………, always careful ( be )
4- Water ………… of tow elements : oxygen and Hydrogen ( consist )
5- The earth ………….round the sun ( go)
6- The sun ……. round the earth ( not go)
7- They ………. in Manchester ( live )
8- She …….. the piano ( play )
‫اإلجابات‬
1- Support 2- Plays 3- is 4- consists
7- Live 8- Plays 5- goes 6-Doesn’t
‫ح‬:
*‫بسيط‬ ‫ضارع‬ ‫الجملص‬‫اف‬ ‫نما‬ ‫سمدؿ‬ ‫لمات‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫يهجد‬ ‫والمالمص‬ ‫يص‬ ‫والما‬ ‫ولق‬ ‫ا‬‫الجملص‬
*‫المعنق‬‫ن‬ ‫نما‬ ‫سمدؿ‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬‫ساب‬ ‫ػلنا‬‫ق‬ ‫ما‬ ‫و‬ ‫علميص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫والسادسص‬ ‫سص‬ ‫واللا‬ ‫الفابعص‬‫الجملص‬
(‫والميدروجين‬ ‫سجين‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫يمكهف‬ ‫الماا‬)(‫الشمم‬‫هؿ‬ ‫تدور‬ ‫رض‬ ‫ا‬)(‫اارض‬‫هؿ‬ ‫تدور‬ ‫الشمم‬)
*‫لخيص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬ ‫ي‬ ‫نص‬ ‫والما‬ ‫السابعص‬ ‫الجملص‬:(‫ـ‬ ‫في‬ ‫تعيش‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬‫ف‬‫سمف‬)(‫ه‬ ‫البيا‬‫تلعع‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬)

9
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ ‫ا‬:‫المسممف‬ ‫المضارع‬
The present continuous
The present continuous.
Positive ‫اإليجاب‬:
I + am + ( V + ing ) + comp ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬
( he she it ) + is + ( V+ing ) + comp ‫مفد‬
(we youthey) + are + ( V+ing ) + comp ‫جمع‬
Negative : ‫النمي‬
( I ) + am not + ( V+ing ) + comp . ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬
( He she it ) + is not + ( V+ing ) + comp . ‫مفد‬
(we youthey) + are not + (V+ing ) + comp ‫جمع‬
Questions ‫السؤاؿ‬:
am + I + ( V+ing ) + comp ? yes , I am no , I am not
is + (hesheit) + ( V+ing ) + comp ? yes , he is no , he is not
are + (we youthey) + (V+ing ) + comp ? yes , you are no , you
are not
We use the present continuous tense to ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬ ‫المسممف‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫سملدـ‬:
Say what happening at the moment: ‫الللحص‬ ‫ذذ‬ ‫في‬ ‫يلخل‬ ‫ذا‬ ‫لهالي‬

10
 We are watching tv at the moment ‫الللحص‬‫ذذ‬ ‫في‬ ‫ػاز‬‫م‬‫المل‬‫د‬ ‫شا‬ ‫لن‬
 where is jane ? she is having a bath ‫تسمله‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬ ‫جين‬‫اين‬(‫ف‬ ‫ا‬‫المبخهد‬)
Describe a temporary state : ‫ؤقمص‬ ‫الص‬ ‫لهالي‬
 I am staying with friends for the weekend . ‫الععلص‬‫ذذ‬ ‫ػااي‬‫ق‬‫أالد‬‫ع‬ ‫أببق‬‫سهؼ‬
 I am living with my parents until I find house ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫ننؿ‬ ‫اجد‬‫مق‬ ‫لي‬ ‫ا‬‫ع‬ ‫أعيش‬
Describe a future arrangement : ‫سمببلي‬ ‫تفتيع‬ ‫لهالي‬
 I am going to London tomorrow ‫نىذن‬ ‫إنى‬ ً‫ا‬‫غذ‬ ‫أرهب‬ ‫سىف‬
 she is meeting her boyfriend this afternoon ‫انظهر‬ ‫بعذ‬ ‫صذيقها‬ ‫تقابم‬ ‫سىف‬
The Keywords of present continuous ‫المسممف‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫علق‬ ‫الدالص‬ ‫الكلمات‬:
 Now , Right now , at present , These days , at the moment.
*‫مل‬ ‫اآلف‬‫يمه‬ ‫للدث‬ ‫مباذ‬ ‫اإل‬‫لمل‬ ‫نما‬ ‫الغفض‬‫ف‬ ‫اا‬‫أفعاؿ‬‫ن‬ ‫جمهعص‬ ‫يهجد‬:
 Look . Listen , Be careful , Don't
Examples : ‫ملص‬ ‫أ‬
1. The secretary ………… your curriculum vaitae now ( type)
2. I ………….. with my grandmother at the moment ( stay)
3. Look , the young man ………… the lions ( feed)
4. Listen , the secretary ………….. your name now ( call)
5. Don't go outside now , it …………… heavily ( rain )
6. Sami ………….. on the thesis at the moment ( work)

11
1- is typing 2- am staying 3- is feeding
4- is calling 5- is raining 6- is working
‫تمفين‬3‫الملص‬ ‫الكماب‬‫في‬17
I………. ( work) for a construction company. We ………. ( build ) roads
dams , bridges and things like that . At the moment my company ………..
( produce ) a plan for a new motorway . I usually ……… ( work ) in the
roads department , but this month I ……… ( work) in the department that
………… ( build ) bridges , So my whole working day is different just now
, I normally ………( spend ) a lot of time outdoors because I ………. (go )
to the construction sites . But now with this new project I ………. ( spend )
a lot of time in the workshop. At the moment we ……… ( test ) a model of
one of the new bridges . I ....... ( enjoy) it a lot , because I ………. ( Learn )
a lot of new things.
Work build is producing work am working builds spend
go Am spending are testing am enjoying am learning
‫يف‬ ‫للمذ‬:‫عن‬ ‫للملدث‬ ‫البسيط‬‫المضارع‬‫عادات‬‫دااما‬ ‫معلما‬ ‫ياا‬ ‫وا‬‫تكفار‬ ‫وظفوؼ‬‫عن‬ ‫وللملدث‬
‫العلميص‬‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬‫و‬‫الشلخيص‬‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬‫الل‬‫عن‬ ‫للملدث‬ ‫المسممف‬‫المضارع‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫الص‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الملدث‬‫أو‬‫اآلف‬‫يلخل‬ ‫يا‬
‫سمببلي‬ ‫تفتيع‬ ‫أو‬‫ؤقمص‬

12
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫الم‬:‫البسيط‬‫المااي‬
Past simple
Past Simple
Positive: ‫اإليجاب‬
Subj + V2 ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫تخفيي‬ + comp
‫النمي‬ ‫الص‬ ‫في‬:‫ااافص‬did‫ااقهاس‬ ‫بين‬ ‫للمهجهد‬Negative
Subj + did not + V1 + comp . ‫جفرررررد‬ ‫النمي‬‫بعد‬ ‫ببالن‬ ‫واليما‬ ‫ف‬ ‫وتذ‬ ‫ح‬
Questions : ‫السؤاؿ‬
Did + subj + V1 + comp ?
‫البسيط‬ ‫المااي‬ ‫ػاعدة‬‫ق‬ ‫اليااص‬ ‫للخ‬:
*‫المعل‬‫ن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الما‬‫المخفيي‬‫فيئ‬ ‫عن‬ ‫اإليجاب‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫في‬ ‫البسيط‬‫المااي‬‫اليااص‬ ‫يمه‬
‫للمعل‬(‫جفد‬ ‫يكهف‬ ‫نا‬ ‫المعل‬‫مبل‬ ‫إ‬) Did not *‫إاافص‬ ‫يمه‬ ‫النمي‬‫الص‬ ‫في‬
*‫ػاعدة‬‫ق‬:‫ااافص‬‫أي‬‫بدوف‬ ‫جفد‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫النمي‬‫بعد‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ااز‬‫جميع‬‫في‬
Were ‫تخبب‬ ‫جمع‬‫اف‬ ‫واذا‬Was ‫تخبب‬ ‫مفد‬ ‫ػاعل‬‫م‬‫ال‬‫اف‬ ‫ػإذا‬‫ف‬ Be *‫البهسين‬‫بين‬ ‫اف‬ ‫اذا‬
We use the past simple tense to describe‫خي‬ ‫اف‬ ‫فيد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬ ‫البسيط‬ ‫المااي‬ ‫سملدـ‬

13
A completed action in the past ‫المااي‬ ‫في‬ ‫كممل‬ ‫دث‬:
 we played football yesterday ) ‫ص‬ ‫البار‬‫الكفة‬‫لعبنا‬(‫ص‬ ‫البار‬‫اللعع‬‫شاط‬ ‫ممل‬ ‫ا‬
‫ممق‬ ‫وا‬
 He Leaved for Aqaba last night ‫الماايص‬‫الليلص‬‫العببص‬‫إلق‬‫ا‬‫اادر‬
A completed situation in the past ‫المااي‬ ‫في‬ ‫نممي‬ ‫دث‬:
 I lived in Paris from 1988 to 1999 ‫ن‬ ‫باريم‬ ‫في‬ ‫عشل‬1988‫إلق‬1999
A repeated action in the past ‫المااي‬ ‫في‬ ‫مكفر‬ ‫عمل‬
 They went to Spain every year until 1995
 ‫مق‬ ‫عاـ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫يا‬ ‫اسبا‬‫إلق‬‫بهف‬ ‫يذ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ا‬1995
Keywords of past simple :‫البسيط‬ ‫المااي‬ ‫علق‬ ‫الدالص‬ ‫الكلمات‬
Yesterday , last ( week , day ,…….) , ( three weeks ,day …..) ago
In the past , in 1995 , since + verb + subject .
‫البسيط‬ ‫المااي‬ ‫علق‬ ‫الدالص‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫أيض‬:‫سين‬ ‫الملن‬ ‫مل‬ ‫الميل‬ ‫افعاؿ‬,‫كسبيف‬ ‫ويلياـ‬
Example ‫ملص‬ ‫أ‬:
 A year ago , Ali ………. a scholarship to complete his studies ( win (
 The police …………. the robbers last night ( catch )
 Mary …………… to London in 1999 ( travel (
 William Shakespeare …………… many organization ( found)
 King Hussein ……………. A great leader ( be )
 The manger ………….. the meeting last week (not hold)

14
 Rami ………… the car yesterday ( not repair )
won , caught , started , traveled , founded , was , did not hold , did not repair
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫رابع‬:‫المسممف‬‫المااي‬
Past continuous
Past continuous
Positive ‫اإليجاب‬:
 ( I hesheit) + was + Ving + comp .
 (we youthey) + were + Ving + comp
negative : ‫النمي‬
 ( I hesheit) + was not + Ving + comp .
 (we youthey) + were not + Ving + comp
questions : ‫السؤاؿ‬
 was + ( I hesheit) + Ving + comp ? yes, I was no, I wasn’t .
 were (we youthey) + Ving + comp ? yes, you were no , you weren`t
When we use the past simple : ‫المسممف‬ ‫المااي‬ ‫سملدـ‬ ‫مق‬

15
The most common use of the past continuous tense is to talk about
something that was happening around a particular time in the past.
‫عين‬ ‫وقل‬ ‫هؿ‬ ‫يلدث‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫يا‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الملدث‬‫ه‬ ‫المسممف‬‫المااي‬‫ن‬ ‫يهعا‬ ‫مف‬ ‫اا‬‫سملداـ‬ ‫ا‬
‫المااي‬‫في‬
 What were you doing at 8 o'clock last night? I was watching
television
 ‫ػاز‬‫م‬‫المل‬‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫نل‬ ‫نص‬ ‫الما‬‫الساعص‬‫عند‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬‫في‬ ‫تمعل‬ ‫نل‬ ‫ذا‬
 This time last year I was living In Brazil
 ‫البفازيل‬‫في‬ ‫اعيش‬‫نل‬ ‫الماايص‬‫السنص‬‫في‬ ‫الهقل‬‫ذا‬ ‫مم‬ ‫في‬
 At eight O’clock last night I was studying
 ‫ػاز‬‫م‬‫المل‬‫د‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫نل‬ ‫ص‬ ‫البار‬‫ليلص‬‫ًا‬‫ا‬ ‫تما‬ ‫نص‬ ‫الما‬‫الساعص‬‫في‬
 At 6 o’clock on Saturday morning we were travelling to the airport
‫المعار‬‫إلق‬‫ساففين‬ ‫نا‬ ‫السبل‬‫يهـ‬‫ًا‬‫ا‬ ‫البا‬ ‫السادسص‬‫الساعص‬‫في‬
It is used to express an action going on at sometime in the past.
‫المااي‬‫ن‬ ‫الن‬‫في‬ ‫سممف‬ ‫دث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للمعبيف‬ ‫يسملدـ‬
-They were playing football all evening yesterday
‫ه‬ ‫ا‬(‫ظله‬)‫المساا‬‫هاؿ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬‫في‬ ‫الكفة‬‫يلعبهف‬
-They were playing football yesterday evening till it got dark
‫الحخـ‬‫ل‬ ‫مق‬ ‫الكفة‬‫يلعبهف‬ ‫ظله‬ ‫ص‬ ‫البار‬‫في‬

16
*‫المااي‬‫ن‬ ‫الن‬‫في‬ ‫اسممفاريص‬‫تجد‬ ‫نا‬ ‫ح‬
The past continuous and past simple
.We often use the past continuous and the past simple tense together.
When this happens, the past continuous describes a longer,
‘background’ action or situation and the past simple describes the
action or events
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫سهي‬ ‫البسيط‬‫والمااي‬ ‫المسممف‬‫المااي‬‫سملدـ‬ ‫ًا‬‫ا‬ ‫يا‬ ‫ا‬,‫يخي‬ ‫المسممف‬‫المااي‬ ‫ػإف‬‫ف‬ ‫ذلن‬ ‫يلدث‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬
‫مسل‬ ‫المعل‬‫يخي‬ ‫البسيط‬‫المااي‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫بل‬ ‫قمنا‬ ‫الذي‬‫المعل‬‫أو‬‫لللدث‬ ‫الللميص‬.
While , When , as *‫سملدـ‬ ‫البسيط‬‫المااي‬‫ع‬ ‫المسممف‬‫المااي‬‫المااي‬‫سملدـ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬
* while he was having a bath , the telephone rang .
‫يسمله‬ ‫اف‬ ‫بينما‬,‫الماتي‬‫رف‬
* As I was going to the shops , I saw my friend .
‫للممجف‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ذا‬ ‫نل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬,‫الديبي‬ ‫رأيل‬
* we were driving to the airport when the accident happened .
‫المعار‬‫بإتجاذ‬ ‫بهد‬ ‫نا‬,‫اللادث‬‫وقع‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬
While she was walking in the park , she met her friend
‫المنمنذ‬‫في‬ ‫تمشي‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫بينما‬,‫الديبمما‬ ‫ػابلل‬‫ق‬

17
‫ممص‬ ‫حات‬ ‫خ‬:
(was , were ) + ing ‫سممف‬ ‫ااي‬ ‫دااما‬While , as *‫بعد‬ ‫اف‬‫ح‬
V2 ‫بسيط‬ ‫ااي‬ ‫يكهف‬ While , as *‫جمل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الما‬‫الشعف‬‫اف‬‫ح‬ ‫و‬
while he was having a bath , the telephone rang
As I was going to the shops , I saw my friend
‫بسيط‬ ‫ااي‬ ‫فة‬ ‫با‬ ‫ا‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫ييتي‬,‫سممف‬ ‫ااي‬ ‫الجملص‬‫ن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الما‬‫الشئ‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ When *‫ح‬
when Reem called,I was cooking
when he worked,I was calling
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫اا‬:‫الماـ‬ ‫المضارع‬

18
The present perfect
The present perfect
positive : ‫اإليجاب‬ ‫في‬
 ( hesheit) + has + p.p + comp. ‫مفد‬
 ( I weyouthey) + have + p.p + comp ‫جمع‬
negative :‫النمي‬ ‫في‬
 ( hesheit) + has not + p.p + comp. ‫مفد‬
 ( I weyouthey) + have not + p.p + comp ‫جمع‬
 has + ( hesheit) + p.p + comp ?
 have ( I weyouthey) + p.p + comp?
When we use : ‫ل‬ ‫سملد‬ ‫مق‬
Is time that we use to talk about the event or act occurred before this
period and the period of non-specific (ie, an hour before, two days before a
year ago ... etc) and the remaining results so far, if the event is bound to be:
* Act or event occurred before an indefinite period, and may be sometimes
specific.
* Still traces of this act or event linger yet.

19
‫دث‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫أو‬‫دث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للملدث‬ ‫ل‬ ‫سملد‬ ‫الذي‬‫ن‬ ‫الن‬‫ه‬‫لددة‬ ‫ايف‬ ‫الممفة‬ ‫ذذ‬ ‫و‬ ‫فمفة‬ ‫قبل‬(
‫سنص‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫ين‬ ‫يه‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫ساعص‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫اي‬...‫الل‬)‫مااجل‬ ‫و‬‫ف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫الق‬ ‫مببيص‬,‫يكهف‬ ‫اف‬‫بد‬ ‫اللدث‬‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫اذ‬ :
* ‫لددة‬ ‫ايف‬ ‫فمفة‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫دث‬ ‫او‬‫وقع‬ ‫فعل‬,‫لددة‬ ‫ًا‬‫ا‬ ‫يا‬ ‫ا‬‫تكهف‬ ‫وقد‬ .
* ‫ف‬ ‫ا‬‫مق‬ ‫باقيص‬ ‫اللدث‬‫او‬‫المعل‬‫ذا‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ا‬‫زالل‬ ‫ا‬ .
I have met many people since I came here in June
‫جهف‬‫مف‬ ‫نذ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫قدو‬ ‫للحص‬ ‫نذ‬ ‫الناس‬ ‫ن‬ ‫العديد‬ ‫ػابلل‬‫ق‬ ‫لبد‬
We have been here for two weeks
‫اسبهعين‬ ‫نذ‬ ‫نا‬ ‫لن‬
They have studied the lesson very good
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫جيد‬‫الدرس‬‫فو‬ ‫اسمذ‬‫لبد‬
Key words for Present perfect
Since , for , just , yet , ever , never , recently , already
For ‫و‬ Since‫بين‬ ‫المفؽ‬
‫لمدة‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬ For ‫نذ‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬ Since ‫المعنق‬ ‫يث‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ًا‬‫او‬:

20
Since , For ‫علق‬ ‫ملص‬ ‫ا‬
1- I haven't met him ………. a long time
2- We have fixed five doors ……… the morning
3- My father has slept ……… an hour
4- We have been in Amman ………. January
5- Khaled hasn't seen his friend……… tow weeks
6- Asma has been playing the piano ………. she was thirteen
1-For 2- Since 3- For 4- Since 5- For 6- Since
‫الماـ‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫علق‬ ‫ملص‬ ‫ا‬
1. The committee members ………….. out since 8 o'clock ( be).
2. The man …………… for an hour to get a taxi ( wait ).
3. I………..Muna since last June (not see).
4. My father ………… six countries so far ( visit ).
5. The manager ………… The meeting yet ( not hold ).
Since For
‫الزمنية‬ ‫الفترات‬ ‫أسماء‬
1994 , march , Monday , 9 oclock
‫الفترة‬ ‫طول‬
A year , 5 years , a month , a day , 10
days
(a , an ) ‫ب‬ ‫يتبع‬ ‫ال‬ (a, an) ‫يمبع‬

21
6. The girls ………… already ……… the garden ( clean).
1- Have been 2-has waited 3- have not seen
4- has visited 5- has not held 6- have cleaned .
Beengone
Be and go have a particular meaning in the present perfect tense .
- she has gone to London .
- she has been to London .
- have you ever been India ?
We have been to Scotland three times
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫سادس‬:‫المسممف‬ ‫الماـ‬ ‫المضارع‬

22
The present perfect continuous
The present perfect continuous
Positive :‫اإليجاب‬ ‫في‬
 ( hesheit) + Has+ been + V ing + comp ‫مفد‬
 (I we you they ) + Have+ been +Ving + comp ‫جمع‬
negative :‫النمي‬ ‫في‬
 ( hesheit) + Has not+ been + V ing + comp ‫مفد‬
 (I we you they ) + Have not + been +Ving + comp ‫جمع‬
Has + ( hesheit) + been + V ing + comp ?
Have +(I we you they ) + been + V ing + comp ?
When we use
Used to talk about an activity or a specific job ((verb)) occurred in the past
(whether near or distant past) and continued this work or to act now
(While I speak) .
‫يسملدـ‬‫للملدث‬‫عن‬‫شاط‬‫أو‬‫عمل‬‫عين‬((‫فعل‬))‫وقع‬‫في‬‫المااي‬(‫سهاا‬‫اف‬‫المااي‬‫البعيد‬‫أو‬
‫البفيع‬)‫واسممف‬‫ذا‬‫العمل‬‫أو‬‫المعل‬‫إلق‬‫اآلف‬(‫وقل‬‫ا‬‫أتكله‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬)‫إذا‬‫ايممنا‬‫نا‬‫في‬‫ذا‬‫ن‬ ‫الن‬
‫ه‬‫إسممفاريص‬‫اللدث‬.

23
‫إلق‬‫شيف‬ ‫اف‬‫فيد‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬ ‫ه‬ ‫و‬ ‫د‬ ‫وا‬ ‫اسملداـ‬‫المسممف‬‫الماـ‬‫للمضارع‬(‫دة‬)‫المااي‬‫في‬ ‫بدأ‬ ‫عين‬ ‫عل‬
‫اللااف‬‫إلق‬‫وأسممف‬
‫ملص‬ ‫أ‬
It has been raining all day ‫اليهـ‬‫هاؿ‬ ‫تمعف‬ ‫ما‬ ‫إ‬
‫البدايص‬‫نذ‬ ‫يننؿ‬ ‫اف‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أ‬‫يث‬ ‫المعف‬‫نوؿ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫نا‬ ‫ػاللدث‬‫ف‬ ‫اللدث‬‫اف‬‫ح‬‫المعهؿ‬‫في‬ ‫سممف‬ ‫زاؿ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬
‫سممف‬ ‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫وايض‬ ‫تاـ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ػاللدث‬‫ف‬ ‫لذلن‬
You have been studying for five hours. Why don’t you take a break
‫يدرس‬ ‫يناؿ‬ ‫لكنل‬) For ‫ساعات‬ ‫امم‬‫ن‬ ‫تدرس‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬,‫ص‬ ‫إسمفا‬‫تياذ‬ ‫لمذا‬(‫نا‬ ‫اسملد‬‫ح‬
I have been sitting here since seven o’clock ‫السابعص‬‫الساعص‬‫نذ‬ ‫نا‬ ‫أجلم‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬-‫جالم‬‫زاؿ‬
*‫جالم‬‫يناؿ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬‫ح‬(‫الكخـ‬‫لللحص‬ ‫بما‬ ‫واسممف‬ ‫المااي‬‫في‬ ‫الجلهس‬‫عمليص‬ ‫بدا‬ ‫فبد‬)
Key words ‫الدالص‬ ‫الكلمات‬
Since , For , All day , All morning , All week
The future with will :
Positive : ‫اإليجاب‬

24
subj + will + V(base) + comp .
Negative : ‫النمي‬
subj + will + not + V(base) + comp .
will + subj + V(base) + comp ? yes , subj + will
We use the future with will to : ‫ما‬ ‫سملد‬ ‫مق‬
to make predictions or general statements about the future :
‫بالمسمببل‬ ‫للمنبي‬
- in the next century the world will run out of oil .
- this medicine won`t do you any good
to express a decision made at the moment of speaking :
‫الكخـ‬‫للحص‬ ‫في‬ ‫قفار‬ ‫تلاذ‬
the television`s very loud . ok , I will turn it down .
- is peter going to the party ? I don`t know , I will give him a ring
Will the first conditional

25
Form ‫ػاعدة‬‫ب‬‫ال‬:
if + Simple Present, will-Future
Use ‫اإلسملداـ‬:
predict the effects of a real or probable action or event
‫اللدث‬‫أو‬‫لممل‬ ‫أو‬‫بيبي‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫ار‬ ‫بب‬ ‫تنبؤ‬(‫بيفة‬ ‫ل‬ ‫دو‬ ‫مماليص‬ ‫ا‬)
If you lie in the sun too long, you will get sun burnt.
‫هيلص‬ ‫لممفة‬ ‫الشمم‬‫في‬ ‫تكمن‬ ‫نل‬ ‫اذا‬,‫الشمم‬‫تلفقن‬ ‫سهؼ‬.
- we will not go out if it rains .
‫عفت‬ ‫ا‬‫اذا‬‫لفج‬ ‫لن‬ ‫لن‬
-If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.
‫العخف‬‫في‬ ‫اراذ‬‫له‬ ‫اذا‬,‫المساا‬‫ذا‬ ‫بل‬ ‫اتخل‬‫سهؼ‬(‫هجهدة‬ ‫الشفط‬‫تلبئ‬ ‫مماليص‬ ‫ا‬‫ح‬)
If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.-
‫دعهة‬ ‫ارسللما‬‫رح‬ ‫ما‬ ‫عنها‬ ‫لبيل‬ ‫اذا‬‫هؿ‬ ‫علق‬
If John has the money, he will buy a Ferrari. -
- if I win the competition , I will buy a new car .
- if I see him I will tell him

26
Will ‫علق‬ ‫تمارين‬
1. If I do this test, I ………….my English. (improve)
2. If I find your ring, I ………… it back to you. (give )
3. Peggy will go shopping if she …………time in the afternoon ( have )
4. Simon …….to London next week , if he gets a cheap.( go )
5. If her boyfriend ………… to day she will leave him ( Not phone )
6. If it rain tomorrow , I ………. Water the plants ( not have to )
7. If they ……..( study) harder, they will not pass the exam
1- Will improve 2- will give 3- has 4- will go
5- doesn’t phone 6- Will not have to 7-don’t study
Would
positive : ‫اإليجاب‬
subj + would + V(base) + comp .
subj + would not + V(base) + comp
questions : ‫السؤاؿ‬
- would + subj + V(base) + comp?
Yes + subj + would . no + subj + wouldn’t

27
Use : ‫اإلسملداـ‬
* To talk about improbable or impossible situations .
‫لمملص‬ ‫ايف‬ ‫او‬‫سمليلص‬ ‫الص‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للملدث‬.
- I would like to live alone , but I live with six other people .
‫دي‬ ‫له‬ ‫اعيش‬‫اف‬‫اود‬,‫ع‬ ‫اعيش‬‫لكني‬6‫لاص‬ ‫ا‬
- she would be a good politician , but she works in a bank .
‫جيدة‬‫سياسيص‬ ‫لمكهف‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬,‫البنن‬‫في‬ ‫تعمل‬ ‫لكنما‬
* make polite offers :‫عفوض‬ ‫لمبديه‬
would you like a cup of coffee ? ‫قمهة‬ ‫فنجاف‬ ‫تفيد‬ ‫ل‬
would you like to go to the cinema? ‫السينما‬‫إلق‬‫ع‬ ‫تذ‬ ‫اف‬‫تهد‬ ‫ل‬
Second conditionals ( if clause )
Form ‫ػاعدة‬‫ب‬‫ال‬
if clause main clause

28
Simple Past would + infinitive
+‫جفد‬ ‫فعل‬ Would ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫تخفيي‬ ‫فعل‬,‫الش‬‫وفي‬‫ؽ‬‫ي‬ ‫الما‬ If ‫ع‬ ‫اف‬‫ح‬
When we use :
‫المدد‬‫بعيد‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الملبئ‬‫العع‬ ‫الشفط‬‫يكهف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬ ‫يسملدـ‬
‫المااي‬‫المعل‬‫ن‬ ‫عليل‬ ‫سمدؿ‬ ‫اف‬‫ويمكن‬
 if I saw a ghost , I would faint ‫بب‬ ‫رأيل‬ ‫اذا‬,‫اااؼ‬‫سهؼ‬
 if we won a lot of money , we would spend it all
 ‫لل‬ ‫خففل‬ ‫سهؼ‬ ‫الماؿ‬‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫ربلنا‬ ‫اذا‬
 if I had my life again , I wouldn't make the same mistakes
 ‫اافد‬‫فة‬ ‫ياتي‬ ‫عدت‬ ‫اذا‬,‫اعاا‬ ‫ا‬‫مم‬ ‫افعل‬‫له‬
Second conditionals ‫علق‬ ‫تمفين‬
1-. If I had a lot of money , I --------------------------------- ( build) a mosque
2- I’d change the educational system if I ---------------------------- ( be )
Minister of Education.
3- What -------------------------------( you do ) if you had a gun?
4- If I had wings , I ----------------------------(fly) in the sky
5- Would you help poor people if you ----------------- ( be) a millionaire?
6- If I were invisible , I---------------------(do ) many amazing things
7- If Israel didn’t exist, the world -------------------------( be ) much better

29
‫اإلجابات‬:
1- Would build 2- Were 3- Would you do 4- would fly
5- Were 6- Would do 7- Would be
The future with going to :
 I + am + going to + V1 + comp .
 (hesheit) + is + going to + V1 + comp .
 (weyouthey ) + are + going to + V1 + comp .
 I + am not + going to + V1 + comp .
 (hesheit) + is not + going to + V1 + comp .
 (weyouthey ) + are not + going to + V1 + comp
 am + I + going to + V1 + comp ?
 is + (hesheit) + going to + V1 + comp ?
 are (weyouthey ) + going to + V1 + comp ?

30
Use ‫اإلسملداـ‬:
to talk about plans and intentions .‫هايا‬ ‫و‬ ‫اعط‬‫عن‬ ‫للملدث‬.
- I am going to buy a new car next week . ‫ػادـ‬‫ب‬‫ال‬‫بهع‬ ‫ا‬‫جديدة‬‫سيارة‬ ‫بشفاا‬ ‫اقهـ‬‫سهؼ‬
- I am going to paint the living room this week end .
‫ااسبهع‬‫ذا‬ ‫مايص‬ ‫في‬ ‫المعيشص‬‫اففص‬ ‫اف‬ ‫بد‬ ‫اقهـ‬‫سهؼ‬
to talk about things that we can see or feel about the future .
‫اللديث‬‫عن‬‫ياا‬ ‫اا‬‫المي‬‫يمكننا‬‫أف‬‫ف‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫أو‬‫شعف‬‫بما‬‫بشيف‬‫المسمببل‬ .
 I feel terrible , I think I am going to be sick .
 ‫اعفاب‬ ‫با‬ ‫عف‬ ‫ا‬,‫فض‬ ‫سي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ا‬‫أعمبد‬
 look at those clouds , its going to rain ‫الغيهـ‬‫ذذ‬ ‫إلق‬‫حف‬ ‫أ‬,‫سمه‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬‫اعمبد‬
Will and going to ‫بين‬ ‫المفؽ‬‫للخ‬

31
will ) Future Simple (
‫ات‬ ‫سملد‬ ‫ا‬
1-‫بالدليل‬ ‫وليم‬ ‫بالملمين‬ ‫المنبؤ‬: E.X : I expect he will stay for dinner
2-‫لالص‬ ‫تبع‬ ‫سهؼ‬ ‫سمببليص‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ب‬(‫مخ‬ ‫عمار‬ ‫ا‬‫ًا‬E.X : I'll be seventeen next week
3-‫الكخـ‬‫للحص‬ ‫فهريص‬ ‫قفارات‬E.X: A) oh I'm thirsty B) I'll get you water
4-‫لع‬ ‫أو‬‫أقمفاح‬‫أو‬‫عفض‬ ‫تبديه‬E.X: I'll lend you the money you need
5-‫والملذيف‬ ‫للممديد‬E.X: take your umbrella with you or you will get wet
6-‫سبئ‬ ‫تفتيع‬ ‫دوف‬ ‫هعد‬ ‫تلديد‬E.X:I will come to visit you tomorrow
going to (Near future )
‫ات‬ ‫سملدا‬ ‫ا‬
‫الكخـ‬‫للحص‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫المبفرة‬‫او‬‫لما‬ ‫الملعط‬‫النيص‬‫عن‬ ‫للمعبيف‬
ex. We're saving up because we're going to buy a car
ex. I'm going to make some coffee . Do you want some ?
‫اآلف‬‫الل‬ ‫د‬ ‫لل‬ ‫سمببلق‬ ‫دث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للمنبي‬(‫فاق‬-‫سمعق‬-‫سق‬ )
ex. I fell terrible . I think I'm going to be sick
ex. I think it's going to rain . the sky's looking very dark
In On At ‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫ي‬ ‫ا‬:‫ػاعدة‬‫ق‬

32
Example Time Example Place preposition
Paris is
beautiful inthe
springtime.
‫فخل‬ ‫في‬ ‫جميلص‬‫باريم‬
‫الفبيع‬
Years, seasons, months
and parts of the day.
‫السنهات‬,‫المهاسه‬,‫الشمهر‬,‫وااجناا‬
‫والمساا‬ ‫الخباح‬‫مل‬ ‫اليهـ‬‫ن‬
Palermo is a
city in Italy.
Buildings,
towns, cities,
regions,
provinces,
countries and
contents.
‫ي‬ ‫المبا‬,‫المدف‬,
‫ئ‬ ‫المنا‬,
‫عات‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬‫الم‬,
‫الملافحات‬,‫الدوؿ‬,
‫ػارات‬‫ب‬‫ال‬
in
Some stores are
closed on sunday
‫يهـ‬ ‫غلئ‬‫ُت‬‫ت‬ ‫الملخت‬‫بعع‬
‫د‬ ‫اا‬.
We have a
party onMarch
17.
‫السابع‬‫في‬ ‫ػلص‬‫م‬ ‫لدينا‬
‫ارس‬ ‫ن‬ ‫عشف‬
Days of the week and
dates.
‫والمهاريل‬ ‫ااسبهع‬‫أياـ‬‫ع‬
I
live on beautiful
street.
‫ارع‬ ‫في‬ ‫أسكن‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬
‫جميل‬
The boat is
sailing on the
river.
‫النمف‬‫في‬ ‫يبلف‬ ‫ػارب‬‫ب‬‫ال‬
Streets and
bodies of
water(rivers).
‫مار‬ ‫واا‬ ‫الشهارع‬
‫والبليفات‬ ‫وااوديص‬
on
This shop
opens at9:00 a.m
‫الساعص‬‫بممب‬ ‫الملل‬9.
I love to walk
around the
city atnight.
Specific time of day and
with: noon, night and
midnight.
‫اليهـ‬‫ن‬ ‫الملخخص‬‫ػات‬‫ق‬‫ااو‬‫ع‬
‫الكلمات‬‫ذذ‬ ‫ع‬ ‫و‬
Noon1_‫الحمف‬
Jen lives at 14
Bow street
‫المننؿ‬‫في‬ ‫يسكن‬ ‫جين‬
14‫باو‬ ‫ارع‬ ‫في‬
I will meet
you at the
Street
addresses
Specific
places
locations
‫الشهارع‬‫عناوين‬
at

33
‫هؿ‬ ‫المشي‬‫ع‬ ‫أ‬
‫الليل‬‫في‬ ‫المدينص‬
2_night‫الليل‬
3_Midnight‫الليل‬‫نمخي‬
corner of main
street and Elm
street.
‫زاويص‬ ‫في‬ ‫ػابلن‬‫ق‬‫سي‬
‫الفايسي‬‫الشارع‬‫ع‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬‫ت‬
‫ايله‬‫ارع‬ ‫ع‬.
‫ن‬ ‫والكميف‬
‫الملخخص‬‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اا‬
In *‫عما‬ ‫سملدـ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وأ‬ ‫ػات‬‫ق‬‫أو‬‫ن‬ ‫ص‬ ‫العا‬‫ياا‬ ‫اا‬‫أف‬‫نا‬ ‫ح‬ ‫خ‬
On *‫سملدـ‬ ‫مار‬ ‫واا‬ ‫ارع‬ ‫و‬ ‫لدد‬ ‫وتاريل‬ ‫ااسبهع‬‫أياـ‬‫ن‬ ‫يهـ‬ ‫مل‬ ‫ػليخ‬‫ق‬ ‫اخخنا‬‫وإذا‬
*‫سملدـ‬ ‫مف‬ ‫وأ‬ ‫مف‬ ‫أ‬‫فخلنا‬ ‫وإذا‬at‫ارع‬ ‫ن‬ ‫جنا‬‫مل‬,‫ع‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬‫ت‬,‫زاويص‬,‫اليهـ‬‫ن‬ ‫لددة‬ ‫ساعص‬
‫المماؿ‬‫وفي‬on‫نا‬ ‫اسملد‬‫السابئ‬‫الجدوؿ‬‫في‬on‫ارع‬ ‫لمص‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬(street)
‫نا‬ ‫اسملد‬‫بعدذ‬ ‫اللي‬‫المماؿ‬‫في‬ ‫ولكن‬at‫البيل‬‫ورقه‬ ‫الشارع‬‫اسه‬‫دد‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬
‫ع‬ ‫و‬noon , night and midnight
‫سملدـ‬in‫مل‬ ‫سبيا‬ ‫العهيلص‬‫نيص‬ ‫الن‬‫الممفات‬‫ع‬(‫عالسنين‬ ‫الشمهر‬ ‫سبهعع‬ ‫ا‬)
‫مل‬ ‫ذلن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫هؿ‬ ‫ا‬‫الممفات‬‫و‬ decade ‫عبد‬(‫فمفة‬10‫سنهات‬ ) century ( ‫قفف‬100‫سنص‬ )
‫الهقل‬‫عن‬ ‫وللمعبيف‬ ‫الساعات‬‫ع‬ at ‫ياـ‬ ‫ا‬‫ع‬‫سملدـ‬ on ‫سملدـ‬
In ‫ًا‬‫او‬

34
‫ا‬ ‫إلاميفا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫يهجد‬
1) part of the day like (morning,afternoon,evening) – ‫الخباح‬–‫الحمف‬‫بعد‬–‫المساا‬
in ‫حص‬ ‫خ‬:‫عما‬ ‫سملدـ‬ ‫المي‬‫يدة‬ ‫اله‬‫اليهـ‬‫اجناا‬‫ذذ‬
2) months like (january,july,ets) in ‫وايفذ‬ ‫وديسمبف‬ ‫سبممبف‬ ‫مف‬ ‫اا‬‫يعني‬‫لمار‬
3) seasons(spring ,summer,fall/autumn) ‫الفبيع‬-‫الخيي‬–‫اللفيي‬–‫اللفيي‬
4)years (1999) in ‫حص‬ ‫خ‬)‫تلمار‬ ‫السنص‬‫ع‬ ‫الشمف‬‫اجممع‬‫له‬
5)the future (3 hours,2 days,a year)
‫نا‬ in ‫ا‬ ‫عنا‬(‫ظفؼ‬ ‫في‬ )
‫ظفؼ‬ ‫في‬ ‫نهاجبي‬ ‫مميل‬ ‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫مخ‬ ‫يعني‬3‫سنص‬ ‫ظفؼ‬ ‫في‬ ‫او‬‫ين‬ ‫يه‬ ‫ظفؼ‬ ‫في‬ ‫او‬‫ساعات‬
‫ظفؼ‬ ‫في‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عنا‬ ‫وتكهف‬ ‫للمسمببل‬ ‫تيتي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫و‬
‫ا‬ in july ,in Saudi Arabia , in the winter ,in my car ,in the pacific
,in the atlantic . (in the school(
( on ) :
‫ا‬ ‫اميار‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫الل‬ ‫يهجد‬ :
1) dates (December 31 st)
on ‫تلمار‬ ‫والسنص‬ ‫والشمف‬ ‫اليهـ‬‫ع‬ ‫تمخيلي‬ ‫تاريل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫تاريل‬ ‫خلل‬ ‫له‬ ‫يعني‬
2) days (Monday,Tuesday,etc)
on ‫تلمار‬ ‫ياـ‬ ‫ا‬‫يعني‬
on ‫حص‬ ‫خ‬)‫تلمار‬ ‫اليهـ‬‫ع‬ ‫الشمف‬‫اجممع‬‫اذا‬
on the plane , on the ship , on the train
on july 6 1978 ‫ل‬ ‫الكا‬‫للماريل‬ ‫تسملدـ‬ ‫نا‬ ‫و‬ complete date
on 14th street ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫الغيف‬‫للعنهاف‬ ‫ما‬ ‫سملد‬ ‫نا‬ ‫و‬ incomplete address
(At ) :

35
‫ا‬ ‫اميار‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫الل‬ ‫يهجد‬ :
1) clock times (10 a cloak)
‫تلمار‬ ‫لددة‬ ‫لساعص‬ ‫ارة‬ ‫ا‬‫اي‬‫يعني‬ at
2)‫اليهـ‬‫اجناا‬ (night , day, midday ,midnight,sunset,sunrise,weekends )
3)‫مل‬ ‫وااجنبيص‬ ‫العفبيص‬‫ااعياد‬‫ع‬ (EID , Easter , Christmas )
(at school) ‫ا‬ ‫ايف‬ ‫او‬‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫تنمحف‬ ‫او‬‫للمدرسل‬ ‫ااف‬‫ز‬ ‫بخممن‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ناتسملد‬ ‫و‬
at the hospital ‫ايفذ‬ ‫او‬‫ااف‬‫ن‬ ‫ايحا‬
at 6:00 a.m ‫ل‬ ‫الكا‬‫الهقل‬‫عند‬ ‫ما‬ ‫تسملد‬ ‫نا‬ ‫و‬ complete time
at 1620 w.104th st ‫انكامم‬ ‫انعىىان‬ ‫عىذ‬ ‫تستخذمها‬ ‫هىا‬ ‫طبعا‬
Should , shouldn’t ‫علين‬ ‫ينبغي‬,‫علين‬ ‫ينبغي‬
 You should means something like I think it is a good idea for you to
do it .‫بالنسبص‬ ‫جيد‬‫أو‬‫ناسع‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬‫اعمبد‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫يا‬ ‫تعني‬ ‫علين‬ ‫ينبغي‬(‫للنخيلص‬ ‫ايضا‬‫تسملدـ‬)
 You shouldn't means something like I think it is a bad idea for you to
do it .‫جيد‬‫او‬‫ناسع‬ ‫اظنل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫يا‬ ‫تعني‬ ‫علين‬ ‫ينبغي‬(‫للنخيلص‬ ‫تسملدـ‬ ‫ايضا‬)
 Should is used to express the opinion of a speaker and often follows I
think or I don't think .‫او‬‫اعمبد‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫لمص‬ ‫يمبع‬ ‫واالبا‬ ‫المملث‬‫رأي‬ ‫عن‬ ‫للمعبيف‬ ‫يسملدـ‬
.‫جفد‬ ‫فعل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫ًا‬‫دااما‬ ‫ياتي‬(V base).
1- I should clean the windows. ‫الشباؾ‬‫حي‬ ‫ا‬‫اف‬‫علي‬ ‫ينبغي‬

36
2- We shouldn’t watch so much television . ‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫ميف‬ ‫ػاز‬‫م‬‫المل‬‫د‬ ‫شا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬‫علينا‬ ‫ينبغي‬
3- you shouldn’t drive so fast , it's dangerous ‫اعف‬‫ذا‬ ‫بسفعص‬ ‫تبهد‬ ‫اف‬‫علين‬ ‫ينبغي‬
4- if you`re ill , you should go to the doctor . ‫فال‬ ‫اذا‬,‫ع‬ ‫تذ‬ ‫اف‬‫علين‬ ‫ينبغي‬
‫للعبيع‬
Tell the time ‫الهقل‬‫إابار‬
‫الهقل‬‫إلابار‬ ‫فيبمين‬ ‫نالن‬
 Say the hour first and then the minutes. (Hour + Minutes)
 ‫ااولق‬‫العفيبص‬:‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫الد‬‫ه‬ ‫ًا‬‫او‬‫الساعص‬
 6:25 - six twenty-five ‫وعشفوف‬ ‫امسص‬‫و‬ ‫السادسص‬
 8:05 - eight O-five ‫امسص‬‫و‬ ‫نص‬ ‫الما‬
 9:11 - nine eleven ‫و‬ ‫الماسعص‬11
 2:34 - two thirty-four ‫هف‬ ‫خ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اربعص‬‫و‬ ‫يص‬ ‫الما‬
 2) Say the minutes first and then the hour. (Minutes + PAST / TO
+ Hour)
 ‫يص‬ ‫الما‬‫العفيبص‬:‫الساعص‬‫ه‬ ‫وؿ‬ ‫ا‬‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫الد‬‫مهؿ‬(‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫د‬+(‫و‬)‫او‬(‫ا‬)+‫ساعص‬)
 Past : ‫بمعنق‬(‫و‬)
 To : ‫بمعنق‬(‫ا‬)
 For minutes 1-30 we use PAST after the minutes

37
 ‫ن‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫للد‬1–30‫ضع‬(‫و‬)‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫الد‬‫قبل‬
 For minutes 31-59 we use TO after the minutes
 ‫ن‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫للد‬31-59‫ضع‬(‫إ‬)‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫الد‬‫قبل‬
 2:35 - twenty-five to three ‫ا‬‫المالمص‬25‫دقيبص‬
 11:20 - twenty past eleven ‫دقيبص‬ ‫عشفوف‬ ‫و‬ ‫عشفة‬ ‫اللاديص‬
 4:18 - eighteen past four ‫دقيبص‬ ‫عشف‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ما‬ ‫و‬ ‫الفابعص‬
 8:51 - nine to nine ‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫د‬ ‫تسع‬ ‫ا‬‫الماسعص‬
 2:59 - one to three ‫دقيبص‬ ‫ا‬‫المالمص‬
‫ه‬ ‫او‬‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫الد‬‫كمع‬ ‫العفيبص‬‫ذذ‬ ‫في‬ ‫ح‬(‫و‬)‫او‬(‫ا‬)‫الساعص‬‫ه‬
 When it is 15 minutes past the hour we normally say: a quarter
past
 ‫تكهف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬15‫وربع‬ ‫الساعص‬‫بهؿ‬ ‫الساعص‬‫بعد‬ ‫دقيبص‬

 When it is 15 minutes before the hour we normally say: a
quarter to
 ‫تكهف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬45‫الساعص‬ ‫بهؿ‬ ‫دقيبص‬(‫ا‬ ‫بعد‬ ‫الي‬)‫ربع‬ ‫ا‬
 12:45 - a quarter to one ‫ربع‬ ‫ا‬‫دة‬ ‫الها‬
 When it is 30 minutes past the hour we normally say: half past
 3:30 - half past three (but we can also say three-thirty)
‫الساعص‬‫تكهف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫عند‬(‫و‬30‫دقيبيص‬)‫خي‬ ‫و‬ ‫الساعص‬‫بهؿ‬

38
‫ػاـ‬‫ق‬‫اار‬Numbers
How to say the large numbers‫الكبيفة‬ ‫ػاـ‬‫ق‬‫ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لمح‬ ‫يي‬
432 four hundred and thirty-two
1,000 a/one thousand
1,008 a/one thousand and eight
1,100 one thousand one hundred
3,000 three thousand
3,831 three thousand eight hundred and thirty-one
5,100 five thousand one hundred
100,000 a/one hundred thousand
1,000,000 one million
1,000,000,000 one billion
‫على‬ ‫إعتاد‬ used to
- subj + used to + V(base) + comp .
* negative : ‫انىفي‬
- subj + didn’t use to + V(base) + comp .
questions : ‫انسؤال‬
-did subj + use to + V(base) + comp ?
* short answer :

39
- yes + subj + did .
- no + subj + didn’t .
Use :
* to express a habit in the past ( which is no longer true in the present ) .
‫انحاضر‬ ‫انىقت‬ ‫في‬ ‫صحيحت‬ ‫تعذ‬ ‫ونم‬ ‫انماضي‬ ‫في‬ ‫عادة‬ ‫عه‬ ‫نهتعبير‬.
Example :
- I used to play tennis every day , but I don’t now .
‫بسيظ‬ ‫ماضي‬ ‫انجمهت‬ ‫مه‬ ‫االول‬ ‫انجزء‬ ‫ان‬ ‫هىا‬ ‫والحظ‬,‫وبيىهما‬ ‫بسيظ‬ ‫مضارع‬ ‫انثاوي‬ ‫وانجزء‬
but.
The presentThe past
Now she works in a bank .She used to work in a shop .
Now he doesn’t watch much tv.He used to watch a lot of tv .
Now they are divorced .They used to be married .
Now I go swimming .I didn’t use to go swimming .

40
Countable and uncountable nouns
‫أسماء‬‫عد‬ُ‫ت‬Countable nouns
‫جمع‬ ‫مفدع‬ ‫إلق‬‫تنبسه‬ ‫تعد‬ ‫المق‬‫ااسماا‬
‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫يسبئ‬ ‫الممفد‬(a)‫بمعنق‬a boy / car - one
‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫أو‬(an)‫بمعنق‬one‫مل‬ ‫نعهؽ‬ ‫ملفؾ‬ ‫يلفؼ‬ ‫المعل‬‫بدأ‬ ‫إذا‬(A ,E , I , O , U )
an apple. An egg, an orange
‫الماليص‬‫ملص‬ ‫اا‬‫ح‬.
A uniform
‫اؿ‬‫فؼ‬ ‫اف‬‫ح‬U
‫ينعئ‬y‫اامنا‬‫لذلن‬a
‫وليم‬an
A European
‫ف‬ ‫أف‬‫ح‬‫فق‬EU‫ػا‬‫ب‬‫ع‬
‫لفؼ‬Y‫سملدـ‬ ‫لذلن‬
a
An hour (our )
‫اؿ‬‫فؼ‬ ‫اف‬‫ح‬H
‫ينعئ‬O‫اامنا‬‫لذلن‬
An
A university
‫اؿ‬‫فؼ‬ ‫اف‬‫ح‬U
‫ينعئ‬y‫اامنا‬‫لذلن‬a
‫وليم‬an
‫أف‬‫ح‬ ‫خ‬ ‫أف‬‫يجع‬( an , a )‫بالمهالهؼ‬ ‫مبهعص‬ ‫الغيف‬‫الخمص‬‫تسبئ‬ ‫لكنما‬ ‫الممفد‬‫المهالهؼ‬‫اإلسه‬‫تسبئ‬
‫الجمع‬‫الي‬‫يلهؿ‬ ‫يعد‬ ‫الذي‬‫سه‬ ‫وا‬
‫بإاافص‬S‫أو‬es
‫جمع‬‫المعنق‬‫مفد‬
Flowers‫فة‬ ‫ز‬ a flower
Weeks‫أسبهع‬ a week
nice places‫لعيي‬ ‫كاف‬ anice place

41
‫إاافص‬‫دوف‬ ‫تجمع‬ ‫ااسماا‬‫بعع‬S‫مل‬
‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫المنمميص‬ ‫ااسماا‬( s, sh, ch , x)‫بإاافص‬ ‫تجمع‬es
‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫المنمميص‬ ‫ااسماا‬O‫بإاافص‬ ‫تجمع‬S‫أو‬es
two watches‫يد‬ ‫ساعص‬ a watch
geese‫أوزة‬ a goose
men‫رجل‬ a man
women‫أة‬‫ف‬ ‫ا‬ a woman
children‫ػل‬‫م‬ a child
feet‫قدـ‬ a foot
teeth‫ل‬ّ‫سن‬ a tooth
mice‫ػير‬‫ف‬ a mouse
people‫لخ‬ a person
boxes‫الندوؽ‬ box
glasses‫زجاج‬ glass
sandwiches‫عيفة‬ sandwich
Tomatoes‫بندورة‬ tomato
Potatoes‫ا‬ ‫بعا‬ potatoes
Radios‫اديه‬‫ر‬ radio

42
‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫المنمميص‬‫ااسماا‬y‫اؿ‬‫تلهؿ‬ ‫ملفؾ‬ ‫فؼ‬ ‫قبلما‬ ‫ليم‬‫د‬ies
‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫المنمميص‬‫ااسماا‬f‫أو‬fe‫اؿ‬‫تلهؿ‬‫د‬ves
‫ااالص‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬
photos‫الهرة‬ photo
hippos‫النمف‬‫ففس‬ hippo
pianos‫ه‬ ‫بيا‬ piano
babies‫رايع‬ baby
ladies‫سيدة‬ lady
cities‫دينص‬ city
‫لكن‬ but
boys‫ػل‬‫م‬ boy
wives‫زوجص‬ wife
lives‫ياة‬ life
knives‫سكين‬ knife
leaves‫ورقص‬ leaf
shelves‫رؼ‬ shelf
roofs‫سبي‬ roof
chiefs‫باخ‬ chief
giraffes‫افص‬‫ر‬‫ز‬ giraffe

43
‫الجمع‬‫مسل‬ ‫ه‬ ‫الممفد‬‫أسماا‬‫ناؾ‬
‫في‬ ‫بهاعما‬ ‫وذلن‬ ‫للعدد‬ ‫ػابلص‬‫ق‬ ‫الغيف‬‫ااسماا‬‫عد‬‫ُت‬ ‫أف‬‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫أيض‬‫يمكن‬ ‫للعد‬ ‫ػابلص‬‫ب‬‫ال‬‫ااسماا‬‫عد‬ ‫أف‬‫يمكننا‬ ‫ما‬ ‫و‬
‫الماليص‬‫ملص‬ ‫اا‬‫في‬ ‫ما‬ ‫عبهات‬
uncountable nouns
‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫تسبئ‬ ‫تعد‬ ‫المي‬‫ااسماا‬a‫أو‬an
‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫داام‬ ‫الممفد‬‫لص‬ ‫عا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫تعا‬ ‫تعد‬ ‫المي‬‫ااسماا‬
sheep‫افوؼ‬ a sheep
fish‫سمكص‬ a fish
water / milk‫اسص‬ A glass of
milk / beer‫زجاجل‬ A bottle of
cake / cheese‫علبص‬ A bin / can of
tea , coffee‫فنجاف‬ a cup of
 Water‫اا‬ Air‫هاا‬ tea‫اد‬
 Meat‫لله‬ bread‫ابن‬ money‫بهد‬
 Music‫هسيبي‬ plastic‫بخسمين‬ gold‫ع‬ ‫ذ‬
 Silver‫فضص‬
 Salt‫لب‬ Rice‫أرز‬ tea‫اد‬
 sugar‫سكف‬ coffee‫بن‬ wood‫اشع‬
 Dust‫ابار‬ Sand‫ل‬ ‫ر‬ iron‫ديد‬

44
Some Any
‫تستخدم‬some(‫بعض‬)‫في‬:‫تسملدـ‬any(‫أي‬)‫في‬:
1-‫بات‬ ‫اإل‬ ‫جمل‬:
I gave him some papers.
‫الهرؽ‬‫بعع‬ ‫أععيمل‬‫لبد‬
1-‫النمي‬ ‫جمل‬
I don’t have any money.
‫اؿ‬ ‫أي‬‫لدي‬ ‫ليم‬.
2-‫عنما‬ ‫اإلجابص‬ ‫في‬ ‫مئ‬ ‫المي‬ ‫ااسئلص‬
Did you give him some tea? Sure, I
did.
‫أععيمل‬‫بالعبع‬ ‫الشاي‬‫ن‬ ‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫بعض‬ ‫أععيمل‬‫ل‬.
2-‫ااسئلص‬ ‫في‬
Have you got any money?
‫اؿ‬ ‫أي‬‫لدين‬ ‫ل‬
3-‫في‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫علي‬ ‫المشجيع‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ش‬ ‫لع‬
‫ا‬ ‫لشش‬ ‫الدعهة‬
Could I take some onions, please?
‫فضلن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫البخل‬‫بعع‬ ‫اذ‬ ‫أف‬‫يمكنني‬ ‫ل‬
Would you like some tea?
‫الشاي‬‫ن‬ ‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫بعض‬ ‫تلع‬ ‫ل‬
Examples :
1- I have some bread
2- I have some oranges
3- I don’t have any money
4- I don’t have any dollars
5- would you like some bread ?
6- would you like some apples ?
7- is there any butter ?
 Lead‫رالاص‬ Glass‫زجاج‬ cloth‫قماش‬
 cotton‫قعن‬ silk‫فيف‬

45
8- are there any eggs ?
Much ManyA lot of
Much Many A lot of
‫سملدـ‬Much‫ااسماا‬‫ع‬
‫والجمل‬ ‫ااسئلص‬‫في‬ ‫المعدودة‬‫ايف‬
‫المنميص‬
We haven’t got much
time
‫الهقل‬‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫لدينا‬ ‫ليم‬
Have you got much
work to do
‫لممعلل‬ ‫ميف‬ ‫عمل‬ ‫لدين‬ ‫ل‬
‫سملدـ‬Many‫ااسماا‬‫ع‬
‫ااسئلص‬‫في‬ ‫المعدودة‬‫الجمع‬
‫المنميص‬‫والجمل‬
There aren’t many
tourists here this year
‫ذا‬ ‫السياح‬‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫يهجد‬
‫العاـ‬
Are there many
restaurants in town?
‫في‬ ‫المعاعه‬‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫نالن‬ ‫ل‬
‫المدينص‬
‫سملدـ‬A lot of‫ااسماا‬‫ع‬
‫في‬ ‫المعدودة‬‫وايف‬ ‫المعدودة‬
‫الممبمص‬‫الجمل‬
We bought a lot of fruit
‫مص‬ ‫ػا‬‫م‬‫ال‬‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫مفينا‬ ‫ا‬‫لبد‬
There are a lot of new
students in the class
‫الجدد‬‫العلبص‬‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫يهجد‬
‫المخل‬‫في‬
A few A little
A few A little
‫تسملدـ‬A few‫في‬ ‫الجمع‬‫المعدودة‬‫ااسماا‬‫ع‬
We waited a few minutes and then
left
‫ا‬‫اادر‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ػليلص‬‫ق‬ ‫ػاائ‬‫ق‬‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫محف‬ ‫ا‬
I have got a few friends
‫تسملدـ‬A little‫في‬ ‫المعدودة‬‫ايف‬ ‫ااسماا‬‫ع‬
I have got a little money
‫الماؿ‬‫ن‬ ‫ػليل‬‫ب‬‫ال‬‫لن‬ ‫ا‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬
She speaks a little Arabic
‫العفبيص‬‫ن‬ ‫ػليل‬‫ب‬‫ال‬‫تمكله‬ ‫ما‬ ‫إ‬

46
‫قهاعد‬ ‫للخ‬Much , Many , A lot of , A few , A little
much‫نميص‬ ‫جملص‬‫ع‬ ‫تيتي‬-‫سؤاؿ‬-‫المعدود‬‫لغيف‬)‫للكميف‬)
many‫نميص‬ ‫جملص‬‫ع‬ ‫تيتي‬-‫سؤاؿ‬-‫للمعدود‬)‫للكميف‬)
a lot‫الممبمص‬‫جملص‬‫ع‬ ‫تيتي‬-‫المعدود‬‫لغيف‬ ‫و‬ ‫للمعدود‬)‫للكميف‬)
few‫ع‬ ‫تيتي‬‫مبمص‬ ‫جملص‬-‫المعدود‬)‫ػليل‬‫ب‬‫لل‬)
little‫ع‬ ‫تيتي‬‫مبمص‬ ‫جملص‬-‫المعدود‬‫ايف‬)‫ػليل‬‫ب‬‫لل‬)
How much How many
‫سملدـ‬(How many)‫العدد‬‫عن‬ ‫للسؤاؿ‬-‫المعدودة‬‫ااسماا‬
‫سملدـ‬ ‫و‬(How much)‫عد‬‫ُت‬‫ت‬ ‫المق‬‫لألسماا‬ ‫بالنسبص‬ ‫الكميص‬‫عن‬ ‫للسؤاؿ‬
How many children are there in your class?
How much sugar do you want in your tea?
How much money do you have?
Tooenough
Too + adjective .……. Opposite adjective ( ‫ضدها‬ ‫)صفة‬ + enough
Look at these two sentences from the conversation
It is not big enough ‫ػايص‬‫م‬‫الك‬‫فيل‬ ‫بما‬ ‫بيفة‬ ‫ليسل‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬ it is too dark ‫جدا‬‫حلمص‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬
Example ‫ملص‬ ‫أ‬
1- they are too loose ‫جدا‬‫واسعص‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬ 3- they aren’t dark enough ‫ػايص‬‫م‬ ‫حلمص‬ ‫ليسل‬
2- it isn’t long enough ‫ػايص‬‫م‬ ‫هيلص‬ ‫ليسل‬ 4- these are too small ‫جدا‬‫الغيفة‬ ‫ي‬
5- you are too short ‫جدا‬‫قخيف‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ 6- it isn’t thick enough ‫ػايص‬‫م‬ ‫سميكص‬ ‫ليسل‬

47
Homophones
.Homophones are words that have exactly the same sound ( pronunciation )
but different meaning and spelling
‫والممجئص‬ ‫المعنق‬‫في‬ ‫تلملي‬ ‫لكنما‬ ‫اللمح‬‫مم‬ ‫لما‬ ‫لمات‬
Example ‫ملص‬ ‫أ‬.
Eye – I Buy -by Dear-deer Too-to-tow Pane-pain
Bare – bear Cell-sell Flour-flower Wear-were Knows-nose
Be –bee Cent-scent For-four Rain-reign Heel-heal
Brake-break Dam- damn Hole-whole Son sun Sea see
Wheel we`ll Bored-board They'retheretheir Weight wait Wear where
Homonyms
Word that have the same sound ( pronunciation ) and spelling but different
meaning .
‫والممجئص‬ ‫اللمح‬‫مم‬ ‫لما‬ ‫لمات‬(‫الكلمص‬‫كل‬)‫يلملي‬ ‫المعنق‬‫ولكن‬
Example ‫ملص‬ ‫أ‬
Saw
‫رأد‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬
‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬ ‫وقد‬
‫نشار‬
Present
‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬
‫تيتي‬ ‫وقد‬ ‫سمببل‬
‫ديص‬ ‫بمعنق‬
Watch
‫د‬ ‫يشا‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬
‫ساعص‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫وتيتي‬
‫يد‬
Play
‫يلعع‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬
‫بمعنق‬ ‫وتيتي‬
‫يص‬ ‫سف‬
Left
‫يسار‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬
‫سفؽ‬ ‫بمعنق‬ ‫وتيتي‬

48
‫ارة‬ ‫اإل‬ ‫أسماا‬This - That - These - Those
 This : ‫ذا‬
( For singular things that are near to me) ‫قفيع‬ ‫لشيا‬ ‫مفد‬ ‫ارة‬ ‫إ‬‫إسه‬
 That : ‫ذلن‬
( For singular things that are far from me) ‫إسه‬‫ارة‬ ‫إ‬‫مفد‬‫لشيا‬‫بعيد‬‫عني‬
 These : ‫ذذ‬
( For plural things that are near to me( ‫إسه‬‫ارة‬ ‫إ‬‫جمع‬‫لشيا‬‫قفيع‬‫ني‬
 Those : ‫تلن‬
( For plural things that are far from me) ‫إسه‬‫ارة‬ ‫إ‬‫جمع‬‫لشيا‬‫بعيد‬‫عني‬
One – Ones
One ‫ًا‬‫او‬
one= a ,an ‫الممفد‬ ‫ع‬
 Would you like a chocolate ?
 Would you like one
 chocolate=one

49
 I need a pen . Have you got one
 I don't like the black coat but I like the brown one.
ones=plural ‫الجمع‬
 A:Which keys are yours
 B :The ones on the table
------------------------------------------------------------------
 I don't like the red shoes but I like the green ones
 ?These cups are dirty.Can we have some clean ones
Have , Have got
‫بين‬ ‫المفؽ‬ have ‫و‬ have got
‫سملدـ‬has‫أو‬have‫فبط‬(‫بدوف‬got)‫ػاعل‬‫م‬‫ال‬‫ن‬ ‫جنا‬‫بل‬ ‫الممعهؿ‬‫اف‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يملن‬ ‫بمعني‬.
A camel has four legs - I have ten fingers - The poor woman has five
children
‫ااوؿ‬‫المماؿ‬‫في‬(‫اارجل‬)‫ن‬ ‫جنا‬‫ي‬(‫الجمل‬)..‫ي‬ ‫الما‬‫المماؿ‬‫وفي‬(‫ااالابع‬)‫وفي‬ ‫ني‬ ‫جنا‬
‫يعمبف‬ ‫المالث‬‫المماؿ‬(‫ػاؿ‬‫م‬ ‫اا‬)‫المفاة‬‫ن‬ ‫جنا‬.
‫سملدـ‬ ‫و‬has got‫أو‬have got‫نل‬ ‫جنا‬‫وليسل‬ ‫ػاعل‬‫م‬‫ال‬‫تلخ‬ ‫ياا‬ ‫أ‬‫أو‬‫ش‬ ‫ه‬ ‫بل‬ ‫الممعهؿ‬‫اف‬ ‫إذا‬
All the pupils have got pencils - The doctor has got a new car
Ali and his brother have got new shoes

50
‫ااوؿ‬‫المماؿ‬‫في‬(‫الفالاص‬‫ػخـ‬‫ق‬‫اا‬)‫تلخ‬(‫يذ‬ ‫المخ‬)‫نمه‬ ‫جنا‬‫وليسل‬..‫ي‬ ‫الما‬‫المماؿ‬‫وفي‬
(‫السيارة‬)‫تلخ‬(‫العبيع‬)..‫المالث‬‫المماؿ‬‫وفي‬(‫الجديدة‬‫ذيص‬ ‫اا‬)‫تلخ‬(‫وأايل‬ ‫علي‬)
‫وانجىسياث‬ ‫انبهذان‬
IrregularIEseIshAn
France
French
Iraq
Iraqi
Japan
Japanese
England
English
America
American
Netherland
Dutch
Israel
Israeli
Portugal
Portuguese
Turkey
Turkish
Hungary
Hungarian
Thailand
Thai
Pakistan
Pakistani
China
Chinese
Scotland
Scottish
Germany
German
Greece
Greek
Ireland
Irish
Italy
Italian
Poland
Polish
Argentina
Argentinean
Denmark
Danish
Belgium
Belgian
ٍ Spain
Spanish
Egypt
Egyptian
Brazil
Brazilian
Mexico
Mexican
Korea

51
Korean
Linking words ‫الفبط‬‫لمات‬
Because : ‫بسبع‬
 Show the reason in the next part of the sentence
 ‫الجملص‬‫ن‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الما‬‫الجنا‬‫في‬ ‫السبع‬‫تبين‬
 He was ill because he ate bad food ‫سيا‬ ‫عاـ‬ ‫لل‬ ‫أ‬‫بسبع‬ ‫فيع‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أ‬
So : ‫لذلن‬
 Show a result ‫النميجص‬‫تبين‬
 He was ill , so he didn’t go to school ‫المدرسص‬‫إلق‬‫ع‬ ‫يذ‬ ‫له‬ ‫لذلن‬ ‫فيع‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أ‬
Although : ‫بالفاه‬
 Shows contrast ‫المباين‬‫أو‬‫المضاد‬‫تبين‬
 Although he is rich , he doesn’t spend a lot of money
 ‫اني‬ ‫ل‬ ‫أ‬‫ن‬ ‫بالفاه‬,‫الماؿ‬‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫ينمئ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬
 Although the weather is cold , he wears a T- shirt
 ‫السيا‬‫العبم‬‫ن‬ ‫بالفاه‬,‫اميمص‬‫سمفة‬ ‫يفتدي‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬(‫بيف‬ ‫يا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫خ‬ ‫بلهزة‬)
So that ‫الشيا‬‫فعل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫الغفض‬‫تبين‬
 So ‫المص‬ that ‫(جملص‬ ‫الممفتع‬‫ف‬ ‫اا‬ )
 The movie was so interesting that I couldn’t leave it .
 She was so poor that she couldn’t buy a bread
 Ali was so late that he missed the train

52
And , also , too , as well as , in addition
‫بمعنق‬ ‫تيتي‬ ‫لما‬(‫و‬),(‫اافص‬ ‫با‬),(‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫أيض‬)
 Ahmad can speak English and he can speak French
 Ahmad can speak English. He can also speak French
 Ahmad can speak English and he can speak English too
 Ahmad can speak English as well as French
 Ahmad can speak English. In addition he can speak French
Comparatives and superlatives
Comparative ‫شيئين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫المقبرنة‬‫شخصين‬
‫ضيي‬ ‫لخين‬ ‫او‬‫يئين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫للم‬( -er )‫قخيفة‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اذا‬‫الخمص‬‫علق‬(‫بعع‬ ‫ن‬ ‫تمكهف‬
‫د‬ ‫وا‬,‫الخمص‬‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫إذا‬(‫د‬ ‫وا‬ ‫بعع‬ ‫ن‬ ‫تمكهف‬‫بععين‬ ‫او‬(‫ي‬ ‫الما‬‫المبعع‬‫فؼ‬)(y)‫بدؿ‬ ‫ضع‬
y )(‫بعع‬ier ))
‫ماؿ‬‫علق‬‫بعع‬‫الهتي‬‫د‬ ‫وا‬
big‫حها‬‫عند‬‫عبما‬‫تنعئ‬‫بيج‬‫بمبعع‬‫الهتي‬‫د‬ ‫وا‬‫تخبب‬bigger
‫الهتيين‬ ‫بععين‬ ‫علق‬ ‫ماؿ‬
funny‫فن‬ ‫حها‬-‫ي‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫الهتيين‬ ‫بععين‬ ‫ي‬‫بعع‬y‫ؿ‬ ‫يمغيف‬i=funnier
*‫هيلص‬ ‫الكلمص‬‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اذا‬‫ا‬ ‫أ‬(‫د‬ ‫وا‬ ‫بعع‬ ‫ن‬ ‫مف‬ ‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫تمكهف‬)‫قبلما‬ ‫سملدـ‬More‫أو‬Less
‫ماؿ‬
expensive‫م‬ ‫إ‬‫حها‬--‫بين‬--‫ع‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬ ‫ص‬ ‫خ‬ ‫سيي‬‫الهتيص‬ex--pen--sive
‫المالي‬‫الجدوؿ‬‫الق‬‫حف‬ ‫ا‬

53
‫هيلص‬ ‫لمات‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫قخيفة‬ ‫لمات‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬
Beautiful – more beautifulTall – taller
Important – more importantCheap- cheaper
Interested- more interestedRich- richer
‫سملدـ‬ ‫عادة‬ ‫لخين‬ ‫أو‬‫يئين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫الم‬‫عند‬Than‫ن‬ ‫وتعني‬
 Saleh is rich ‫اني‬ ‫الالب‬
 Saleh is richer than Ahmed ‫مد‬ ‫أ‬‫ن‬ ‫أانق‬‫الالب‬
 Fatimah is intelligent ‫يص‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫مص‬ ‫ػا‬‫ف‬
 Fatimah is more intelligent than Sara ‫سارة‬ ‫ن‬ ‫اا‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫مف‬ ‫أ‬‫مص‬ ‫ػا‬‫ف‬
‫حروف‬ ‫ستت‬ ‫عه‬ ‫تزيذ‬ ‫ال‬ ‫واحذ‬ ‫مقطع‬ ‫مه‬ ‫تتكىن‬ ‫انتي‬ ‫انقصيرة‬ ‫انصفاث‬ ً‫ا‬‫غانب‬
‫حروف‬ ‫سبعت‬ ‫عه‬ ‫تزيذ‬ ‫غانبأ‬ ‫مقطعيه‬ ‫مه‬ ‫اكثر‬ ‫مه‬ ‫تتكىن‬ ‫انتي‬ ‫انطىيهت‬ ‫انصفاث‬
Superlative ‫شخصين‬ ‫أو‬ ‫شيئين‬ ‫من‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫مقبرنة‬
*‫ضيي‬ ‫الممين‬ ‫أو‬‫يئين‬ ‫ن‬ ‫مف‬ ‫أ‬‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫للم‬the-(est)‫قخيفة‬ ‫الكلمص‬‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اذا‬‫الخمص‬‫علق‬
‫قبلما‬ ‫سملدـ‬ ‫هيلص‬ ‫الكلمص‬‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اذا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬( The most )
‫هيلص‬ ‫لمات‬ ‫بإسملداـ‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫قخيفة‬ ‫لمات‬ ‫بإسملداـ‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬
Beautiful- the most beautifulTall – the tallest
Important-the most importantCheap – the cheapest
Interested – the most interestedRich- the richest
Example-‫أمثهت‬
 Khalid is clever ‫ي‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫االد‬
 Khalid is the cleverest is our family ‫عاالمنا‬ ‫في‬ ‫اا‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫مف‬ ‫اا‬‫االد‬
 Samia is beautiful ‫جميلص‬‫يص‬ ‫سا‬
 Samia is the most beautiful in the school ‫المدرسص‬‫في‬‫ًا‬ ‫جما‬‫مف‬ ‫اا‬‫يص‬ ‫سا‬

54
As + ‫المص‬ + As ‫سملدـ‬ ‫مشابمين‬ ‫لخين‬ ‫أو‬‫يئين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫للم‬
 Khalid is as tall as Bassem ‫بساـ‬ ‫مل‬ ‫هيل‬ ‫االد‬
 Ibrahim is as clever as Ahmed ‫يه‬ ‫ابفا‬‫مل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫يه‬ ‫ابفا‬
‫النمي‬‫الص‬ ‫في‬ ‫سملدـ‬ ‫و‬+ as‫المص‬Not asso +
 She is not as clever as me ‫ملي‬ ‫يص‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ليسل‬ ‫ي‬
 Rami is not so tall as mostafa ‫خعمق‬ ‫مل‬ ‫هيل‬ ‫ليم‬ ‫ي‬ ‫را‬
‫الشاذة‬‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬
SuperlativeComparativeAdjective
The bestBettergood
The worstWorsebad
The mostMoremany
The mostMoremuch
The leastLesslittle
‫ػات‬‫م‬‫للخ‬ ‫عاـ‬ ‫للخ‬
‫نين‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫مف‬ ‫أ‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫للم‬‫فبط‬ ‫نين‬ ‫ا‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ػار‬‫ب‬‫الم‬‫الخمص‬‫هع‬
The most +‫هيلص‬ ‫المص‬
Samira is the most beautiful
girl in the class
More + ‫هيلص‬ ‫+المص‬ than
Huda is more beautiful
than Nadia
‫هيلص‬ ‫المص‬
The + ‫قخيفة‬ ‫+المص‬ est
Ahmed is the tallest of them
Er (r) + than+‫قخيفة‬ ‫المص‬
Ahmed is taller than
‫قخيفة‬ ‫المص‬

55
allAli
‫بالممخيل‬ ‫ػات‬‫م‬‫للخ‬ ‫الشفح‬‫ه‬ ‫ذا‬:‫المالي‬‫الجدوؿ‬‫تلمح‬ ‫اف‬‫او‬‫تمممل‬ ‫اف‬‫تسمعيع‬
‫الكماب‬‫في‬ ‫المهجهد‬
Comparatives and superlatives :
superlativeComparativeadjective
The tallest
The coldest
Taller
Colder
Tall
cold
One
syllable
‫واحد‬ ‫مقطع‬
The hottest
The thinnest
The biggest
Hotter
Thinner
Bigger
Hot
Thin
Big
one
syllable;
short
vowel +
one
constant
The heaviest
The prettiest
Heavier
Prettier
Heavy
pretty
Two
syllables ;
Constant
+y
The most modern
The most
interesting.
More modern
More interesting
Modern
Interesting
Two or
more
syllables

56
The best
The worst
The furthest
Better
Worse
Further
Good
Bad
Far
Irregular
Adjective & adverbs
ً‫ال‬‫او‬:‫الصفبت‬ Adjective
‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫عينين‬ ‫كاف‬ ‫أو‬‫يا‬ ‫أو‬‫لخ‬ ‫هعيص‬ ‫تخي‬‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫أبد‬‫تجمع‬ ‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬.
‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫كاؿ‬ ‫أ‬:
1)‫بعع‬‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫لدد‬ ‫بمبعع‬ ‫تنممي‬ ‫و‬ ‫لددة‬ ‫ػاعدة‬‫ق‬ ‫لما‬ ‫ليم‬.‫مل‬:
large ~ small , old ~ young , old ~ new , long ~ short , hard ~ soft
rich ~ poor , hot ~ cold , black ~ white , good ~ bad , smart ~ stupid
2)‫ن‬ ‫الكميف‬‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫المص‬ ‫فمي‬ ‫الكلمص‬‫اف‬ ‫في‬ ‫ت‬َ‫د‬ِ‫ج‬‫و‬ ‫إذا‬‫الماليص‬‫ع‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬‫والم‬ ‫لددع‬ ‫بمبعع‬ ‫تنممي‬:
Al
actual , final , general , mental , physical , special
Ent
ancient , convenient , excellent , frequent , urgent
Ous
anxious , conscious , dangerous , famous , serious , various,
Ic
atomic , basic , electric , scientific , sympathetic

57
Y
angry , dirty , funny , guilty , healthy , hungry , icy
Ive
active , attractive , expensive , native , sensitive
Ed
confused , excited , limited , related , surprised
Ble
enjoyable , fashionable , possible , probable , sensible
Ful
beautiful , careful , faithful , grateful , skillful
An
Americans , Christians , German , human , Indian , Russian
Ing
amusing , disappointing , surprising , willing
Less
blameless , careless , childless , harmless , senseless

58
Ar
familiar , particular , popular , regular , similar
‫حص‬ ‫خ‬:‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫تنممي‬ ‫المي‬less‫اااللي‬‫المعل‬‫عنق‬ ‫عكم‬ ‫عنق‬ ‫لما‬.
care - careless
‫ممل‬-‫يممه‬
‫اليااص‬ ‫يمكن‬‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫بالمبعع‬ ‫المنمميص‬‫ػات‬‫م‬‫للخ‬ ‫المضادة‬less‫المبعع‬‫بلذؼ‬ ‫وذلن‬less‫وإاافص‬
‫المبعع‬ful.‫مل‬:
helpless - helpful
‫ميد‬-‫عاجن‬
‫بعع‬ ‫نالن‬‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫بإاافص‬ ‫فبط‬ ‫تخاغ‬a‫المعل‬‫أوؿ‬‫في‬.‫ا‬ ‫مف‬ ‫أ‬‫ن‬:
sleep - asleep
‫ااه‬-‫يناـ‬
live - alive
wake - awake
‫تخاغ‬‫ػات‬‫م‬‫الخ‬‫ع‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬‫الم‬‫بإاافص‬ ‫المضادة‬dis , un , il , in , im‫لما‬ ‫ليم‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬‫الم‬‫ذذ‬ ‫و‬ ‫الخمصع‬‫أوؿ‬‫في‬
‫تلمح‬ ‫أف‬‫يجع‬ ‫أي‬‫ابمص‬ ‫ػاعدة‬‫ق‬.‫مل‬:
happy - unhappy
accurate - inaccurate
possible - impossible
legal - illegal
honest - dishonest

59
Ing – and ed – adjectives
present participle ( verb + ing ) describe what
somebody or something is : ( ‫عينص‬ ‫غلص‬ ‫)لهالي‬
 it is fascinating story ( ‫ما‬ ‫ا‬‫قخص‬‫رااعص‬ )
 the film was boring ( ‫مل‬ ‫اف‬ ‫)الميله‬
past participle (verb + ed) describe what how
somebody feels : ( ‫ااف‬‫لخ‬ ‫عهر‬ ‫او‬‫عهرؾ‬ ‫لهالي‬(‫ػل‬‫ق‬‫للعا‬) )
 we were fascinating story
 we were bored
‫بيه‬ ‫انفرق‬Adjectives & Adverbs
‫ال‬adjective‫هى‬‫انصفت‬
‫تأتي‬‫انصفه‬‫مع‬‫اإلسم‬‫ال‬noun‫مثم‬
‫ممكه‬‫تأتي‬‫بعذ‬‫انفعم‬‫هىا‬Ahmad is smart
‫سمارث‬‫صفت‬‫ألحمذ‬
‫وممكه‬‫تأتي‬‫قبم‬‫اإلسم‬‫مثم‬
I met a beautiful girl

60
‫هىا‬‫بيىتيفم‬‫صفت‬‫وهي‬‫صفت‬‫نهفتاة‬‫بأوها‬‫جميهه‬
‫و‬adverb‫هى‬‫انحال‬
‫ا‬‫تصف‬‫ال‬‫ف‬‫عم‬‫مثال‬
Ahamad writes guickly
‫هىا‬‫أوا‬‫أصف‬‫حانت‬‫كتابت‬‫أحمذ‬‫بأوها‬‫سريعه‬
‫انخالصت‬‫أن‬‫انصفه‬‫تصف‬‫اإلسم‬‫نكه‬‫انحال‬‫يصف‬‫انفعم‬
You can recognize adverbs
easily because many of them
are formed by adding -ly to
an adjective.
‫بسهىنت‬ ‫انظروف‬ ‫عهى‬ ‫انتعرف‬ ‫يمكىك‬ ‫و‬
‫بــ‬ ‫يىتهى‬ ‫ما‬ ‫عادة‬ ‫معظمها‬ ‫ألن‬ly
adverbs : describe the verb
‫بعدذ‬ ‫وتيتي‬ ‫فعاؿ‬ ‫ا‬‫تخي‬
Adjectives : describes the noun
‫قبلل‬ ‫وتيتي‬ ‫سه‬ ‫ا‬‫تخي‬
He drives carefullyHe is a careful driver
She reads very slowlyIt was a slow journey
The teacher speaks English well :
well is the adverb that describes
the verb speaks
The teacher is good : good is
adjective that describe the noun
the teacher
The shark hit him so hard:
* hard is the adverb
* hardly : means not a lot

61
Expressing Like and Dislike ( ing form )
‫يليل‬ ‫الذي‬‫المعل‬‫يكهف‬ ‫الشعهر‬‫افعاؿ‬‫بعد‬ing
* I like dancing .
* I enjoy running .
* I fancy reading .
‫يمضل‬(prefer)‫مهوس‬(fancy)‫ممع‬(enjoy)‫اعجع‬(like)‫يلع‬(love)
Could‫مكن‬
Could you + base verb …..? could I + base verb …..?
‫بعد‬could‫جفد‬ ‫فعل‬‫ًا‬‫ا‬‫داام‬
* could you please give me pen ?
* could I just borrow your pen ?
‫األلقاب‬
Miss : ‫سص‬ ‫لأل‬ ‫تسملدـ‬(‫الممنوجص‬‫ايف‬)
Mrs : ‫الممنوجص‬‫للسيدة‬ ‫تسملدـ‬
Ms : ‫اـ‬‫منوجص‬ ‫المفأة‬‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اذا‬‫عففمنا‬ ‫عدـ‬ ‫الص‬ ‫في‬ ‫تسملدـ‬
Mr : ‫او‬‫منوج‬ ‫اف‬ ‫سهاا‬ ‫للفجل‬ ‫تسملدـ‬
Widow : a woman whose husband has died ‫لص‬ ‫أر‬:‫زوجما‬ ‫ات‬ ‫المي‬
Widower : a man whose wife has died ‫ل‬ ‫أر‬:‫زوجمل‬ ‫اتل‬ ‫الذي‬
Niece : the doughter of your sister or brother ‫ااال‬‫او‬‫ااخ‬‫أبنص‬
Nephew : The son of your sister or brother ‫أوااال‬‫ااخ‬‫ابن‬

62
Fiancé : The man that a woman is engaged to ‫اعيع‬
Fiancée : The woman that a man is engaged to ‫اعيبص‬
Unit One : Everyday life
 Turn up ‫يشغل‬  Hurry ‫يسفع‬
 Like ‫يعجع‬  Go ‫ع‬ ‫يذ‬
 Come down ‫دأ‬ ‫أ‬  Wake up ‫اسمبيح‬
 Miss ‫فهت‬,‫أاعي‬  Switch on ‫فمب‬ ‫أو‬‫غل‬
 Watch ‫د‬ ‫يشا‬  Run ‫ع‬ ‫يف‬
 Stay ‫يببق‬  Take ‫يياذ‬
 Have ‫يملن‬  Start ‫يبدأ‬
 Get up ‫يلخل‬  Make a bed ‫المفاش‬‫يفتع‬
 Buy a bed ‫للنهـ‬ ‫كاف‬ ‫اسمئجار‬  Get out of bed ‫النهـ‬‫ن‬ ‫يبهـ‬
 Go to bed ‫للنهـ‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يذ‬  Lie in bed ‫المفاش‬‫علق‬ ‫يممدد‬
Unit two
 Thin : ‫ليي‬  Young : ‫الغيف‬
 Tall :‫هيل‬  Dark : ‫حله‬
 Fair :‫عادؿ‬  Good looking : ‫المحمف‬‫سن‬
 Short : ‫قخيف‬  Thick : ‫سمين‬
 Wavy : ‫بيل‬  Red : ‫مف‬ ‫أ‬
 Green : ‫ااضف‬  Big : ‫بيف‬
 Fat : ‫سمين‬  Straight : ‫سمبيه‬
 Long : ‫هيل‬  Black : ‫اسمف‬

63
 Bald : ‫االلع‬  Pretty : ‫جميل‬
 Blue : ‫ازرؽ‬  Curly : ‫مهج‬
 Slim : ‫رفيع‬  Attractive ‫جذاب‬:
 Grey : ‫ادي‬ ‫ر‬  Small : ‫الغيف‬
 Old : ‫عجهز‬ ‫او‬‫قديه‬  Well – built : ‫البنيص‬‫جيد‬
 Husband : ‫زوج‬  Wife : ‫زوجص‬
 Father : ‫اب‬  Mother : ‫اـ‬
 Son : ‫ابن‬  Daughter : ‫ابنص‬
 Brother : ‫اخ‬  Sister : ‫اال‬
 Uncle : ‫عه‬  Aunt : ‫عمص‬
 Grandfather : ‫جد‬  Grand mother : ‫جدة‬
 Nephew : ‫خ‬ ‫ا‬‫ابن‬  Niece : ‫خ‬ ‫ا‬‫ابنص‬
 Fiancé ‫ع‬ ‫اا‬  Fiancée ‫بص‬ ‫اا‬
Marital status :
 Single  ‫اعنب‬
 Engaged to  ‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫فتبط‬
 Married to  ‫ػ‬‫ػ‬‫ب‬ ‫منوج‬
 Divorced from  ‫علئ‬
 Separated  ‫نمخل‬
 A widow : a wife whose husband
died
 ‫ل‬ ‫ار‬
 A widower : a husband whose wife
died
 ‫لص‬ ‫ار‬

64
Adjective & opposite (‫مه‬ )
Unit three : life stories
 Wealthy : ‫في‬  Cheap : ‫رايخ‬
 Poor : ‫فبيف‬  Generous ‫فيه‬
 Sell: ‫يبيع‬  Tax : ‫افيبص‬
 Rich : ‫اني‬  Free ‫ي‬ ‫جا‬
 Buy : ‫يشمفي‬  Pay : ‫دفع‬
 Stock exchange: ‫البهرالص‬  Stocks and Shares : ‫وااوراؽ‬ ‫ااسمه‬
‫الماليص‬
 Mean : ‫بليل‬  Bank : ‫خفؼ‬
 Fortune : ‫فوة‬  Cost : ‫تكلمص‬ ‫أو‬‫من‬
 Millionaire : ‫يف‬ ‫ليه‬  Price : ‫سعف‬
 Work : ‫عمل‬  Count : ‫يلخي‬ ‫أو‬‫يعد‬
 Expensive : ‫االي‬  Property : ‫لكيص‬
OppositeadjectiveOpposite‫عكسها‬Adjective
‫الصفة‬
Opposite‫عكسها‬Adjective‫الصفة‬
TalllongShortUgly‫بشع‬Attractive‫جذا‬
‫ب‬
short‫قخيف‬tall‫هيل‬
Straight‫سمبيه‬Curly‫مهج‬Fat‫االب‬Slim‫ليي‬dark‫ئ‬ ‫اا‬light‫ػاتب‬‫ف‬
Quiet‫ادئ‬Noisy‫نعب‬outgoin
g
‫وقب‬Shy‫اجهؿ‬young‫ديث‬old‫قديه‬
Weak‫اعيي‬Strong‫قهي‬Lively‫يهي‬Dull‫سه‬
‫ؿ‬
small‫الغيف‬Big‫بيف‬
Thin‫ليي‬Thick‫سمي‬
‫ف‬
Slow‫بعيا‬Fast‫سفيع‬boring‫مل‬Excitin
g
‫ميف‬
Poor‫فبيف‬Well-
Off
‫اني‬different‫لمل‬
‫ؼ‬
The same‫شابل‬unfrien
dly
‫عهائ‬ ‫ا‬
‫ي‬
sociable‫اجمماعي‬

65
 Diamonds : ‫الماس‬  Job: ‫وظيمص‬
 Jeweler : ‫فات‬ ‫جه‬  Mortgage:‫ن‬ ‫ر‬
Lose : ‫يمبد‬ Earn : ‫سع‬
Save : ‫مح‬ Inherit : ‫ص‬ ‫ورا‬
Spend : ‫ينمئ‬ Witch : ‫فة‬ ‫سا‬
Huge : ‫اله‬ Safe : ‫ن‬
Carefully : ‫بشدة‬ Suddenly : ‫فجية‬
Hard : ‫العع‬ Large : ‫بيف‬
Dangerous : ‫اعيف‬ Well : ‫جيد‬
Prepositions ‫انجر‬ ‫حروف‬
Pay for Died at age
of
Spend money
on clothes
Pay money
on
Sleep for 8
hour
In the
world
Learn about At the
wedding
Fall in love Know about
Read it in a
day
Bottle of
milk
Be at school Pay for the
taxi
on tv
Stay here
for a few
days
Listen to
the radio
At work

66
Unit five : comparisons
 Shirt ‫قميخ‬  Bra ‫الدر‬ ‫مالص‬
 Socks ‫جهارب‬  Tracksuit ‫ريااص‬ ‫بدلص‬
 Jumper ‫ػاز‬‫م‬‫ق‬  vest ‫سمفة‬
 Skirt ‫تنهرة‬  Shorts ‫هرت‬
 coat ‫ععي‬  Jacket ‫يل‬ ‫جا‬
 Tie ‫عنئ‬ ‫ربعص‬  Trousers ‫سفاويل‬
 Blouse ‫بلهزة‬  jeans ‫جينن‬
 Cap ‫قبعص‬  shoes ‫ذاا‬
 Dress ‫فسعاف‬ ‫او‬‫هب‬  tights ‫فينوف‬
 hat trainers ‫المدربين‬‫قبعص‬  Boots ‫ذاا‬
 Sandals ‫الندؿ‬  stocking ‫جهرب‬
 Knickers ‫دااليص‬ ‫خبم‬  underpants ‫تلمي‬ ‫سفواؿ‬
 swimsuit ‫ص‬ ‫السبا‬‫خبم‬  On your head ‫الفاس‬‫علق‬
 Above your waist ‫اللخف‬‫فهؽ‬  Below your waist ‫اللخف‬‫تلل‬
 On your feet ‫قداـ‬ ‫ا‬‫علق‬  Body ‫جسه‬ upper ‫فهؽ‬
Unit six : people and place
 Ring ‫يفف‬  Police station ‫ص‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ف‬
 Put ‫يضع‬  Leisure centre ‫تففيل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ف‬
 Drop ‫يسبط‬  Hide ‫يلمبقا‬
 Return ‫يعيد‬  Get out ‫يلفج‬
 Give ‫يععي‬  Appear ‫يلممي‬
 Get ‫يياذ‬  Go ‫ع‬ ‫اذ‬
 Call ‫يمخل‬  Put down ‫اع‬
 Be ‫يكهف‬  Hear ‫يسمع‬

67
 Phone ‫اتي‬  Clean ‫ينحي‬
 Have ‫يملن‬  Help ‫يساعد‬
 Garage ‫فاج‬  Ring ‫يفف‬
 Theater ‫سفح‬  Fall off ‫يبع‬
 Main square ‫الفايسيص‬‫ص‬ ‫السا‬  Not get dressed ‫خبم‬ ‫يفتدي‬
 Hotel ‫فندؽ‬  Look ‫ينحف‬
 Church ‫نيسص‬  Put on ‫علق‬ ‫يضع‬
 Temple ‫عبد‬  Stand ‫يبي‬
 Cinema ‫سينما‬  Night club ‫ليلي‬ ‫لمق‬
 Museum ‫ملي‬  School ‫درسص‬
 Railway ‫ديديص‬ ‫سكص‬  Cathedral ‫اتدراايص‬
 Castle ‫ػلعص‬‫ق‬  Car park ‫سيارات‬ ‫هقي‬
 Pub ‫ص‬ ‫ا‬  Bank ‫بنن‬
 Post office ‫بفيد‬ ‫كمع‬  Bus station ‫باالات‬ ‫هقي‬
 Market ‫سهؽ‬  Clock tower ‫الساعص‬‫بفج‬
 Town hall ‫البلديص‬‫بنق‬  Park ‫هقي‬
 Supermarket ‫ل‬ ‫ار‬ ‫سهبف‬  Café ‫بمق‬
 Library ‫كمبص‬  Hospital ‫سمشمق‬
Unit eight : food and health
 Tomatoes ‫بندورة‬  Yoghurt ‫لبن‬
 Ice cream ‫فيه‬ ‫ايم‬  Butter ‫زبدة‬
 Eggs ‫بيع‬  Olive oil ‫زتهف‬ ‫زيل‬
 Spaghetti ‫ص‬ ‫عكفو‬  Grapes ‫عنع‬
 Nuts ‫جهز‬  Peppers ‫ػل‬‫م‬‫ػل‬‫ف‬
 Rice ‫رز‬  Wine ‫بيذ‬
 Chocolate ‫ختص‬ ‫ه‬  Prawns ‫قفيدس‬

68
 Margarine ‫سمنص‬  Biscuits ‫بسكهت‬
 Cucumbers ‫ايار‬  Lemonade ‫الليمهف‬‫عخيف‬
 Breakfast cereal ‫فعار‬ ‫ا‬‫بهب‬  Chicken ‫دجاج‬
 Oranges ‫ػاؿ‬‫ب‬‫بفت‬  Bananas ‫هز‬
 Salmon ‫السلمهف‬‫سمن‬  Pork ‫اننيف‬‫لله‬
 Cod ‫البد‬‫سمن‬  Peas‫ا‬ ‫باز‬
 Cream ‫فيه‬  Tune ‫ص‬ ‫المه‬‫لله‬
 Ham ‫اننيف‬‫لله‬  Beef ‫ببف‬ ‫لله‬
 Noodles ‫عيفيص‬  Apples ‫ػاح‬‫م‬‫ت‬
 Sausages ‫ئ‬ ‫ػا‬‫ب‬  Milk ‫ليع‬
 Sweets ‫لهيات‬  Cake‫ين‬
‫الهرؽ‬‫ن‬ ‫قععص‬A piece of paper .
‫العلين‬‫ن‬ ‫يم‬A bag of flour .
‫الشاي‬‫ن‬ ‫يل‬ ‫با‬A packet of tea .
‫ػ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ن‬ ‫علبص‬coke .A can of coke.
‫الماا‬‫ن‬ ‫زجاجماف‬.Two bottles of water .
‫ختص‬ ‫الشه‬‫ن‬ ‫فيط‬.A bar of chocolate .
‫المفبق‬‫ن‬ ‫ماف‬ ‫بف‬.A jar of marmalade .
‫الغفاا‬‫ن‬ ‫بهب‬ ‫ا‬.A tube of glue .
‫اللبن‬‫ن‬ ‫رايي‬.A loaf of bread .
‫د‬ ‫باو‬ ‫نين‬ ‫ا‬‫الببف‬‫لله‬ ‫ن‬ ‫يله‬.Two pounds a kilo of beef
Unit nine : possibilities
 Murder ‫قمل‬ ‫جفيمص‬  Shoot ‫النار‬‫لئ‬ ‫ا‬
 Assault ‫اعمداا‬  Break into ‫اقمله‬

3 english 101 تلخيص مادة

3 english 101 تلخيص مادة

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (19)

Similar to 3 english 101 تلخيص مادة

Similar to 3 english 101 تلخيص مادة (20)

More from Basel Samhouri

More from Basel Samhouri (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

3 english 101 تلخيص مادة