Heba never comes home late. (doesn't) French is spoken well by him. Where do you come from? (do) Ahmed always watches television. People speak Arabic in many countries. (is spoken)

1. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 1
To the Max ! 2Unit 1 FamilyTo the Max ! 2
-: New Vocabulary :-
‫المجتمع‬ ‫بناء‬fabric‫تعجب‬–‫تروق‬appeal
‫تأثير‬impact‫االجيال‬ ‫بين‬ ‫الفجوة‬Generation gap
‫يواصل‬pursue‫جدال‬argument
‫الطالق‬ ‫تشريع‬Legalisation of divorce‫متكبر‬snob
‫بـ‬ ‫يحتفظ‬retain‫يربك‬-‫يزعج‬bother
‫تقليدي‬traditional‫قليال‬slightly
‫محافظ‬conservation‫يسامح‬forgive
‫سواء‬whether‫خطأ‬fault
‫مطلق‬divorced‫فظ‬-‫وقح‬rude
‫الي‬ ‫يميل‬Tend to‫قيمه‬value
‫علي‬ ‫يحافظ‬maintain‫وفي‬-‫مخلص‬loyal
‫روابط‬ties‫متماسك‬Close-knit
‫ممتد‬extend‫تدعم‬-‫تقوي‬reinforce
‫المنزل‬ ‫تقاسم‬House-sharing‫شعبي‬popular
‫عجوز‬elderly‫عميق‬profound
‫مسئولية‬responsibility‫يضحي‬sacrifice
‫وجبة‬meal‫يحسن‬Better (v)
‫االجتماعي‬ ‫الوضع‬Social status‫يحمي‬prevent
‫يرتدي‬Dress (v)‫الشكليات‬ ‫من‬ ‫جو‬Air of formailty
‫باناقة‬Elegantly‫المائدة‬ ‫أدوات‬Cutlery
‫شبشب‬Flip flop‫المعيشة‬ ‫آداب‬Etiquette
‫رياضية‬ ‫أحذية‬Jogging bottoms‫ضم‬-‫دمج‬Combine
‫مالئم‬Appropriate‫يستهلك‬consume
‫مميزة‬ ‫سمات‬Characteristic features‫معينة‬ ‫أوقات‬Certain time
‫قشعريرة‬-‫برد‬chill‫المثال‬ ‫سبيل‬ ‫علي‬For instance
‫المقيمين‬residents‫موضه‬Fashion
‫مؤشر‬indicator‫شخصي‬ ‫مظهر‬Person's apperance
‫يفسر‬-‫يؤول‬interpret‫أستهالل‬-‫أبتداء‬inception

2. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 2
prepositions
‫بـ‬ ‫يعتني‬Look after‫بـ‬ ‫مرتبط‬Associated with
‫مع‬ ‫يعيش‬Live with‫من‬ ‫يمكن‬Managed to
‫بـ‬ ‫متهم‬Accused of‫علي‬ ‫يركز‬Focus on
‫فخور‬Proud of‫علي‬ ‫يركز‬Concentrate on
‫فجأة‬ ‫يدخل‬–‫يندفع‬Pop into‫الي‬ ‫يميل‬Tend to
‫يكتشف‬Find out‫يجتمع‬Meet up
Study these definitions :-
word meaning definition
Give( someone)
apiece of his mind
‫يوبخ‬-‫يزعق‬ To bawl someone's out or to rebuke
someone.
Blow her top ‫لمنتهاها‬ ‫تصل‬ Become very angery.
Get his head
around
‫يفهم‬ To understand
Turn up his nose
at someone
‫علي‬ ‫يتكبر‬
Get the wrong
end of the stick
‫الفهم‬ ‫يسئ‬ To misunderstand something.
Have a word with
him
‫أنف‬ ‫علي‬ ‫يتكلم‬‫راد‬
‫معه‬
Speak briefly to him.
drastic (adj) ‫عنيف‬ Strong effective and usually quick.
drastically (adv) ‫بعنف‬ Done in a very noticeable way.
legal (adj) ‫قانوني‬ Allowed by law.
legalisation (n) ‫تشريع‬-‫إباحة‬ The act of making something legal.
profound (adj) ‫عميق‬ Great , deep and complete..
profoundly (adv) ‫بعمق‬ Greatly; extremly.
observe (v) ‫يالحظ‬ To notice somebody or something or
watch something carefully
observation (n) ‫مالحظه‬ The act of watching something carefully.
observant (adj) ‫مالحظ‬ Quick to notice or perceive things.
Overprotective (adj)
‫الحماية‬ ‫زيادة‬ having an excessive tendency to protect
someone,specially a child.

3. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 3
sacrifice (v) ‫يضحي‬ Lose something for the sake of
somebody;offer something to a god
,often by killing it.
sacrifice (n) ‫تضحية‬ Something that you give up for someone
or something else; an animal
slaughtered for religious reasons.
perceive (v) ‫يدرك‬-‫يفهم‬ Interpret or regard (someone or
something ) in a particular way;notice or
become aware of something.
Attire (n) ‫كسوة‬-‫مالبس‬ Formal clothes
Counterpart (n) ‫نظير‬ Someone that has the same job or status
as someone else.
Taboo (n) ‫حرام‬-‫محرم‬ Something that you mustn't do or talk a
bout because people think that it is
morally wrong or embarrassing.
Mr Alaa Ragab

4. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 4
Grammar
The Present Simple Tense
-‫االستخدام‬:
:Usage-
‫حقائق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬(( facts
Ex: - The sun rises in the east.
- The earth goes round the sun.
.‫المفرد‬ ‫االسم‬ ‫مع‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫في‬ ( s ( ‫وضع‬ ‫الحظ‬
‫عادات‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬( habits)‫اآلتية‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫و‬:
always ‫دائما‬ usually ‫عادة‬
sometimes
‫أحيانا‬
often ‫غالبا‬
every ‫كل‬
generally
‫عموما‬
ever
‫مرة‬ ‫ذات‬
never
‫أبدا‬
Once/ twice (a day, a week,
a month,a year)
‫كل‬ ‫مرتين‬ / ‫مرة‬‫يوم‬ (–‫اسبوع‬-‫شهر‬-‫سنه‬)
Rarely ‫نادرا‬
Frequently
‫مرارا‬
Ex: - I usually go to school on foot.
‫المستقبل‬ ‫في‬ ‫المواعيد‬ ‫جدول‬ ‫عن‬ ‫التعبير‬ ‫في‬ ‫يستخدم‬tablesfuture actions related to time:
The plane arrives at 6:15
‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬‫ثابتة‬ ‫مواقف‬)( permanent situations‫اآلتية‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫يستخدم‬ ‫و‬:
Ex :- - I prefer coffee to tea.
- My father is a doctor . He works in a hospital.
--‫ال‬‫تكوين‬::Formation-
he kkkljkjkssgsssssssssskkj ‫تت‬
she ‫الفعل‬ + ( s ‫أو‬ es ‫أو‬ ies )
it
‫مفرد‬ ‫أسم‬
I kkkljkjkssgsssssssssskkj
We
You ‫المصدر‬ ‫في‬ ‫الفعل‬
They
‫جمع‬ ‫أسم‬ ‫ب‬
( ‫إضافة‬ ‫قواعد‬ ‫بعض‬S): ‫للفعل‬-

5. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 5
‫مثل‬ ‫غائب‬ ‫مفرد‬ ‫الجملة‬ ‫فاعل‬ ‫كان‬ ‫إذا‬Ahmed …)–It–She–( He‫يضاف‬( s ). ‫للفعل‬
Ex: - He drinks tea every morning.
-‫يضاف‬ ‫أو‬( es )....... ‫اآلتية‬ ‫بالحروف‬ ‫تنتهي‬ ‫التي‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫مع‬ ‫للفعل‬
( o – ss – ch – sh – x )
go goes cross crosses
wash washes watch watches
fix fixes
Ex: - Sara goes to school by bus.
.(ies)‫ونضيف‬ y ‫حرف‬ ‫نحذف‬ ‫ساكن‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫وقبله‬ y ‫بـ‬ ‫المنتهي‬ ‫الفعل‬ -
try tries hurry hurries
‫مباشرة‬ s ‫نضيف‬ ‫متحرك‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫وقبله‬ y ‫بـ‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫أنتهي‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اما‬
Play plays obey obeys
‫النفي‬:Negation-
-‫نستخدم‬does )–( do. ‫المصدر‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫بعدهما‬ ‫و‬ ‫النفى‬ ‫فى‬
he kkkljkjkgkkj ‫تت‬
she doesn't +‫المصدر‬ .
it
Ex:- He watches T.v. He doesn't watch T.v.
fgs I kkkljkjkgkkj ‫تت‬
We
you don't +‫المصدر‬ .
They
Ex:- They watch T.v. They don't watch T.v.
Ex:-
Hoda doesn't play tennis = Hoda never plays tennis.
They don't get up early = They never get up early.
-Interrogation :‫األستفهام‬
yes or No ‫بـ‬ ‫االجابة‬ ‫وتكون‬ " ‫هل‬ " ‫بـ‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫أوال‬
he
= never‫المصدر‬don't / doesn't +

6. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 6
Does + she + +......‫المصدر‬ ?
it
Ex:- Does he play Tennis?
Yes, he does. No,he doesn't.
I
Do + we + ‫المصدر‬ +......?
you
they
Ex: - Do they play football?
Yes, they do. No, they don't.
" ‫أستفهام‬ ‫أداة‬ " ‫بـ‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫ثانيا‬
- Where do you come from ? - I come from Egypt.
- When does Ahmed get up ? -he gets up at 7:00 am
-: ‫المضارع‬ ‫فى‬ ‫للمجهول‬ ‫المبنى‬
1-‫نجع‬‫ـ‬.ً‫ال‬‫فاع‬ ‫المفعول‬ ‫ل‬
2-‫بـ‬ ‫نأتى‬am – is – are
3-.‫للفعل‬ ‫الثالث‬ ‫بالتصريف‬ ‫نأتى‬

7. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 7
.by+ 4-‫الفاعل‬ ‫بـ‬ ‫الجملة‬ ‫نختم‬
‫فاعل‬ ‫مفعول‬
- Most people speak English.
‫مفعول‬ by+ ‫فاعل‬
English is spoken by most people.
- They play football every Friday.
Football is played every Friday.
2- Rewrite using the words in brackets:
1- Heba never comes home late. ( doesn't )
2- People speak Arabic in many countries. ( spoken )
3- Where are you from? ( do )
4- Ahmed watches television every time. (always)
6- He speaks French well. ( French is )
7- People speak Arabic in many countries. ( spoken )
The Present Continuous Tense
:‫االستخدام‬-usage:
‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬
2-‫م‬ ‫و‬ ‫اآلن‬ ‫يحدث‬ ‫حدث‬‫الحدوث‬ ‫في‬ ‫ستمر‬actions happening at the time of speaking
Ex: - He is watching TV at the sitting room now.
- Look ! they are playing football.
2-‫المستقبل‬ ‫في‬ ‫له‬ ‫مخطط‬ ‫حدث‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬fixed arrangement.
Ex: - I am traveling to England next week.
- We are having a party tonight .
3-‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬‫مؤقتة‬ ‫مواقف‬temporary situations.
Dave is looking for a job.
2-‫عن‬ ‫يعبر‬‫الحدوث‬ ‫متكررة‬ ‫االفعال‬repeated actions.
He is always getting amazing grades.
key words:- -:‫الدالة‬ ‫الكلمات‬
Look ‫انظر‬at the moment ‫اللحظة‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫في‬now ‫اآلن‬
at the present time ‫الحاضر‬ ‫الوقت‬ ‫في‬Listen ‫استمع‬

8. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 8
Still ‫يزال‬ ‫ال‬
Today
‫اليوم‬
Tonight ‫الليلة‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫في‬While/as ‫بينم‬‫ا‬
-‫ال‬‫تكوين‬:Formation-
I am + ( verb + ing )
*I am playing football now.
He kkkljkjkgkkj ‫تت‬
She is + ( verb + ing )
it
* She is reading a book at the moment.
we kkkljkjkgkkj ‫تت‬
you are + ( verb + ing )
they
‫شقثث‬Look! they are playing basketball.
‫الحظ‬:1-‫بـ‬ ‫ينتهي‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫كان‬ ‫إذا‬e‫إضافة‬ ‫عند‬ ‫نحذفها‬ing
ride riding write writing
2-‫إضافة‬ ‫عند‬ ‫االخير‬ ‫الحرف‬ ‫يضاعف‬ ‫متحرك‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫وسبقه‬ ‫ساكن‬ ‫حرف‬ ‫بـ‬ ‫ينتهي‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫كان‬ ‫إذا‬ing
run running swim swimming
3-‫إضافه‬ ‫عند‬ ‫الساكن‬ ‫الحرف‬ ‫يضاعف‬ ‫ال‬ ‫متحركين‬ ‫حرفين‬ ‫وسبقه‬ ‫ساكن‬ ‫بحرف‬ ‫ينتهي‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫كان‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫أما‬ing
gain gaining read reading
ing ‫نضيف‬ ‫ثم‬ y ‫الي‬ ‫تقلب‬ ie ‫بـ‬ ‫ينتهي‬ ‫الفعل‬ ‫كان‬ ‫إذا‬ -4
lie lying die dying
‫النفي‬:Negation
I am + not + ( v + ing )
*I 'm not playing football now.kkkljkjkgkkj ‫تت‬
( He , she , it ) is + not + ( v + ing )

9. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 9
pronunciation
* She isn't reading a book at the moment.
( you,we,they ) are + not + ( v + ing )
* Look! they aren't playing basketball
‫األستفهام‬Interrogation
" ‫هل‬ " ‫بـ‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫أوال‬‫بـ‬ ‫االجابة‬ ‫وتكون‬yes or No
he
Is + she + ( v + ing )………….?
it>r>iIi‫>هف‬II>iii>‫لهفهالرهفبي‬
‫تالتالتالالتاالتاالتاالابقيؤيييصصصال‬‫لبصييلبلييصسص‬- Is he waking?
Yes,he is No,he isn't
we
Are + you + ( v + ing )………….?
>r>they
-Are they eating fish at present ?
Yes,they are. No,they aren't.
-‫التركيبة‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫الحظ‬
Ex: - There is a girl watering the flowers..
-‫فى‬ ‫تأتي‬ ‫لكن‬ ، ‫معناها‬ ‫في‬ ‫متضمنة‬ ‫االستمرارية‬ ‫أن‬ ‫حيث‬ ‫المستمر‬ ‫المضارع‬ ‫زمن‬ ‫فى‬ ‫تأتى‬ ‫ال‬ ‫األفعال‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫أن‬ ‫الحظ‬
:‫البسيط‬ ‫المضارع‬
like – dislike – love – hate – want – know – prefer – see
understand – posses – hear – smell – taste – wish – mean – obey – forget –
remember – notice – believe – forgive – think – feel .
Ex: - Mona wants to leave now.
When is /r/ pronounced in words ?
The sound /r/ is pronounced in English when it is followed by a vowel .
+ v. + ing.‫فاعل‬There + is / are +

10. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 10
Language Essentials
The sound /r/ isn't pronounced in English when it is followed by a consonant.
The sound /r/ isn't pronounced in English when it comes at the end of a word
/r/ isn't pronounced/r/ is pronounced
/∫a:k/shark/stri:t/street
/ha:t/heart/treIn/train
/∫ : /shore/dri:m/dream
short /∫ :t//Ѳru:/through
car /ka://fraI/fry
work /wз:k//straIk/strike
Forms of Main Verbs
Main verbs (except the verb "be") have only 4, 5 or 6 forms. "Be" has 9 forms.
V1 V2 V3
infinitive base
past
simple
past
participle
present
participle
present simple, 3rd
person singular
regular (to) work work worked worked working works
irregular
(to) sing
(to) make
(to) cut
sing
make
cut
sang
made
cut
sung
made
cut
singing
making
cutting
sings
makes
cuts
(to) do*
(to)
have*
do
have
did
had
done
had
doing
having
does
has
infinitive base
past
simple
past
participle
present
participle
present simple
(to) be* be was, were been being am, are, is
These example sentences use main verbs in different forms:-
Infinitive
 I want to work
 He has to sing.
 This exercise is easy to do.

11. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 11
 Let him have one.
 To be, or not to be, that is the question:
Base - Imperative
 Work well!
 Make this.
 Have a nice day.
 Be quiet!
Base - Present simple
(except 3rd person singular)
 I work in London.
 You sing well.
 They have a lot of money.
Base - After modal auxiliary verbs
 I can work tomorrow.
 You must sing louder.
 They might do it.
 You could be right.
Past simple
 I worked yesterday.
 She cut his hair last week.
 They had a good time.
 They were surprised, but I was not.
Past participle
 I have worked here for five years.
 He needs a folder made of plastic.
 It is done like this.
 I have never been so happy.
Present participle
 I am working. ( present participle )
 Singing well is not easy. ( Gerund : a verb form to function as a noun )
 Having finished, he went home. ( Gerund & subject )
 That is an amusing story. ( adjective )
 To see a crying baby just breaks my heart. ( adjective )

12. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 12
3rd person singular, present simple
 He works in London.
 She sings well.
 She has a lot of money.
 It is Vietnamese.
The Situations
(1) introducing family and friends: ‫واالصدقاء‬ ‫العائلة‬ ‫تقديم‬
This is my friend , jack
This is my brother,Bob
(2) when talking about your family infront of others: ‫عائلتك‬ ‫أفراد‬ ‫عن‬ ‫التحدث‬ ‫عند‬
I have two brothers.one is older /younger than me .
These are my parents.
I am the third of three brothers.
I'm an only child.
I'm the youngest member of the family.
(3) when asking a bout your friend's family: ‫عائلته‬ ‫عن‬ ‫صديقك‬ ‫تسال‬ ‫عندما‬
How many brothers and sisters do you have ?
Are you the oldest,youngest or in the middle ?
How old is your father ?
What does your mother do ?
Do you have a big/small family ?
Learn how to write an article ‫تكتب‬ ‫كيف‬ ‫تعلم‬‫مقال‬
: ‫المقال‬ ‫كتابة‬ ‫عند‬ ‫االتي‬ ‫مراعاة‬ ‫يجب‬
-.‫السطر‬ ‫وسط‬ ‫في‬ ‫الموضوع‬ ‫عنوان‬ ‫كتابة‬
2-‫مسافة‬ ‫ترك‬2.‫فقط‬ ‫األول‬ ‫السطر‬ ‫بداية‬ ‫في‬ ‫سم‬
3-‫بـ‬ ‫الجملة‬ ‫تبدأ‬ : ‫الترقيم‬ ‫عالمات‬ ‫مراعاة‬(Capital letter)‫بنقطة‬ ‫وتنتهي‬(full stop).

13. Mr : Alaa Ragab Page 13
4-‫م‬ ‫بعمل‬ ‫ينصح‬ ‫ولذلك‬ ,‫الشطب‬ ‫أو‬ ‫الكشط‬ ‫وعدم‬ ‫الخط‬ ‫تنسيق‬.‫الكتابة‬ ‫قبل‬ ‫للموضوع‬ ‫سودة‬
5-‫الهجائية‬ ‫األخطاء‬ ‫ومراعاة‬ ‫الموضوع‬ ‫سياق‬ ‫مع‬ ‫الجملة‬ ‫زمن‬ ‫تناسب‬(Spelling mistakes).
‫اإلنشاء‬ ‫لموضوع‬ ‫اللغوية‬ ‫المواصفات‬ : ً‫ا‬‫ثاني‬
:‫أقسام‬ ‫ثالثة‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫اإلنشاء‬ ‫موضوع‬ ‫ينقسم‬
1-‫مقدمة‬‫الموضوع‬1- Introduction
1-.‫المعطاة‬ ‫األفكار‬ ‫وفهم‬ ً‫ا‬‫جيد‬ ‫السؤال‬ ‫قراءة‬ ‫يجب‬
2-‫تسمى‬ ‫للموضوع‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الفكرة‬ ‫تلخص‬ ‫للتقديم‬ ‫جملة‬ ‫كتابة‬(Topic sentence):‫مثل‬ ,
‫الموضوع‬ ‫تعريف‬ )‫(ج‬ ‫شعبي‬ ‫مثل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫حكمة‬ )‫(ب‬ ‫عامة‬ ‫جملة‬ )‫(أ‬
3-ً‫ا‬‫مفكك‬ ‫الموضوع‬ ‫أصبح‬ ‫وإال‬ ‫المعطاة‬ ‫واألفكار‬ ‫الموضوع‬ ‫صلب‬ ‫عن‬ ‫االبتعاد‬ ‫عدم‬ ‫يجب‬.
2-‫الموضوع‬ ‫صلب‬2- Body
1-‫تفاصريل‬ ‫تعرر‬ ‫حيرف‬ ,‫المقدمرة‬ ‫فري‬ ‫إجمالرا‬ ‫ترم‬ ‫مرا‬ ‫بالتفصريل‬ ‫واشرر‬ ‫ناقش‬‫األساسرية‬ ‫الفكررة‬(Topic
sentence).‫المعطاة‬ ‫األفكار‬ ‫و‬ ‫الموضوع‬ ‫سياق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يخرج‬ ‫ال‬ ‫بما‬
2-‫لموضروع‬ ‫المناسربة‬ ‫التفاصريل‬ ‫وركرر‬ ‫الكتابرة‬ ‫واتجاهرات‬ ‫محاور‬ ‫لتحديد‬ ً‫ا‬‫جيد‬ ‫المعطاة‬ ‫األفكار‬ ‫قراءة‬ ‫عليك‬
.‫اإلنشاء‬ ‫لموضوع‬ ‫العضوية‬ ‫بالوحدة‬ ‫رلك‬ ‫يسمى‬ ‫حيف‬ ‫المعطاة‬ ‫األفكار‬ ‫و‬ ‫الكتابة‬
3-‫والبناء‬ ‫المعنى‬ ‫وصحيحة‬ ‫وسهلة‬ ‫بسيطة‬ ‫جمل‬ ‫استخدام‬ ‫على‬ ‫احرص‬.
4-‫في‬ ‫األفكار‬ ‫تسلسل‬ ‫من‬ ‫البد‬‫توج‬ ‫وال‬ ‫الموضوع‬‫د‬‫يسرمى‬ ‫مرا‬ ‫وهرذا‬ ‫المقدمة‬ ‫في‬ ‫إليها‬ ‫أشرت‬ ‫قد‬ ‫تكن‬ ‫لم‬ ‫فكرة‬
‫اإلنشاء‬ ‫لموضوع‬ ‫العضوية‬ ‫الوحدة‬(Organic Unity)
3-‫الموضوع‬ ‫خاتمة‬3- Conclusion
1-‫الكاتب‬ ‫شخصية‬ ‫عن‬ ‫الجزء‬ ‫هذا‬ ‫يعبر‬‫تعر‬ ‫حيف‬ ,.‫والحلول‬ ‫ومقترحاتك‬ ‫لرأيك‬ ‫بإيجاز‬
2-.ً‫ا‬‫شخصي‬ ‫وليس‬ ‫بناء‬ ‫رأيك‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫يوصى‬ ‫و‬ ‫للموضوع‬ ‫العام‬ ‫السياق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫تخرج‬ ‫ال‬
1-.‫جملتين‬ ‫عن‬ ‫تزيد‬ ‫ال‬ ‫قصيرة‬ ‫الخاتمة‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫ما‬ ‫عادة‬
Introductory Sentences ‫التقديم‬ ‫جمل‬
 For positive themes ‫ايجابية‬ ‫لموضوعات‬
 We all agree that …...... is one of the most important things in our life and has its vital
role nowadays.
.‫األيام‬ ‫هذه‬ ً‫ا‬‫حيوي‬ ً‫ا‬‫دور‬ ‫لا‬ ‫و‬ ‫حياتنا‬ ‫في‬ ‫المهمة‬ ‫األشياء‬ ‫من‬ ‫أن..........واحد‬ ً‫ا‬‫جميع‬ ‫نتفق‬

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 No wonder if we say that ….. has / have its good and positive effects on us.
‫إرا‬ ‫عجب‬ ‫ال‬‫قل‬‫ن‬‫علينا‬ ‫وإيجابي‬ ‫فعال‬ ‫أثر‬ ‫أن......لا‬ ‫ا‬.
 No one can deny that we owe much to …..... which play(s) an important role and
active part in our life.
.‫حياتنا‬ ‫في‬ ً‫ال‬‫وفعا‬ ً‫ا‬‫هام‬ ً‫ا‬‫دور‬ ‫يلعب‬ ‫لـ..........الذي‬ ‫بالكثير‬ ‫ندين‬ ‫أننا‬ ‫أحد‬ ‫ينكر‬ ‫ال‬
===================================
 For negative themes ‫سلبية‬ ‫لموضوعات‬
 We all see that….........stands as an obstacle in the way of our progress.
.‫تقدمنا‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫أمام‬ ‫كعقبة‬ ‫أن..........يقف‬ ً‫ا‬‫جميع‬ ‫نرى‬
 There is no doubt that …..... is one of the most dangerous problems in our life as it
has bad effects on us.
.‫علينا‬ ‫سيئة‬ ‫اثأر‬ ‫لها‬ ‫ألنها‬ ‫حياتنا‬ ‫في‬ ‫المشاكل‬ ‫اخطر‬ ‫من‬ ‫أن..........واحدة‬ ‫فيا‬ ‫شك‬ ‫ال‬ ‫مما‬
 We all believe that ….. is really serious and harmful nowadays and has bad effects on
all of us.
‫جميعا‬ ‫نعتقد‬.َ‫ا‬‫جميع‬ ‫علينا‬ ‫سيئة‬ ‫أثأر‬ ‫ولا‬ ‫األيام‬ ‫هذه‬ َ‫ا‬‫ضار‬ ‫و‬ ً‫ا‬‫خطير‬ .......... ‫أن‬
===================================
 For advantages and disadvantages themes ‫مزدوجة‬ ‫لموضوعات‬
 There is no doubt that …… is a double edge weapon that has both advantages and
disadvantages.
.‫وعيوب‬ ‫مميزات‬ ‫من‬ ‫لا‬ ‫لما‬ ‫حدين‬ ‫رو‬ ‫سال‬ ‫أن..........يعتبر‬ ‫فيا‬ ‫شك‬ ‫ال‬ ‫مما‬
 In fact that …….. is considered a mixed blessing in our life.
‫سال‬ ‫أن..........يعتبر‬ ‫حقيقة‬.‫حياتنا‬ ‫في‬ ‫واحد‬ ‫وقت‬ ‫في‬ ‫ونقمة‬ ‫نعمة‬
What about the body? ‫الموضوع؟‬ ‫صلب‬ ‫عن‬ ‫ماذا‬
‫يمكن‬.َ‫ا‬‫متماسك‬ ‫المعني‬ ‫ليصبح‬ ‫اآلتية‬ ‫الربط‬ ‫بأدوات‬ ‫الموضوع‬ ‫صلب‬ ‫في‬ ‫الجمل‬ ‫ربط‬
* and, besides, in addition to, as well as, moreover…………….
 but, though, although, even though, however, despite……….
 so, because, that's why, consequently, hence, therefore….…
 after, before, when, while, during, until, if, unless……………..
 thus, at the same time, on one hand and on the other hand…
What about the conclusion? ‫الخاتمة؟‬ ‫عن‬ ‫ماذا‬
:‫اإلنشاء‬ ‫موضوع‬ ‫لختام‬ ‫اآلتية‬ ‫والعبارات‬ ‫الجمل‬ ‫إحدى‬ ‫كتابة‬ ‫يمكن‬
* In my opinion./ In my point of view………………..…………….
 At last…/ Finally………./ Last but not least…………………….
 To sum up ….…/ In short…….. / In brief (In a word)………….

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 Commenting on what mentioned above………………………..
 In a few words as possible, I think………………………………
Holland
Vocabulary:
‫مشهد‬sight‫التيولب‬ ‫زهرة‬tulip
‫يواجه‬encounter‫حميم‬Heartwarming
‫يقدر‬appreciate‫ذكريات‬memories
‫مذهل‬stunning‫تذكر‬reminded
‫الشكل‬ ‫بصلي‬bulb‫واسع‬vast
‫غريب‬odd‫والحيويه‬ ‫بالنشاط‬ ‫نابض‬vibrant
‫ضئيل‬Shallow‫هولندي‬Dutch
‫مائيه‬ ‫ممرات‬waterways‫هوائية‬ ‫طواحين‬Windmills
‫هادئ‬tranquil‫همس‬Whisper
‫مثالي‬idyllic‫أبحار‬navigating
‫طريف‬Quaint‫ريف‬Countryside
‫مشهور‬renowned‫منظر‬-‫مشهد‬Scenery
‫به‬ ‫موصي‬recommended‫مطبخ‬Cuisine
‫توصيه‬recommendation‫مطعم‬-‫مطاعم‬eatery - eateries
‫غايه‬–‫مقصود‬ ‫مكان‬destination‫ممتع‬-‫جذاب‬pleasant
‫تبقي‬remain‫مريح‬relaxing