Growth pattern of towns Natural and Planned,
Types of zoning and importance,
various road networks(Grid iron pattern, shoe string development,
Surveys for data collection, physical survey, social survey, economic survey, civic survey,
Town aesthetics, landscape architecture,
Rehabilitation of slum and urban renewal,
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2.3 layout of housing & road network
1. Transportation Engineering – II (Town Planning)
1/7/2018
Prof. S.K. Patil, www.skpatil.com 1
.
Course Learning Outcomes:
• At the end of this session, the student will be able to explain
use of various layouts in town planning
Layouts of Housing & Road Network
2. Prof. (Dr.) Sachin Kishor Patil
B.E. Civil, M.E. Civil Environmental Engineering, Ph.D. (IIT, Bombay)
❑ Professor & Head of Department
❑ Department of Civil Engineering
❑ AMGOI, Vathar, Kolhapur, MH, India.
1/7/2018
Prof. S.K. Patil, www.skpatil.com 2
Disclaimer and acknowledgment
The study material presented by Prof. S K Patil is licensed under
The study material presented herewith is web sourced made
available for community use under Creative Commons Attribution-
NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 unported License.
If you feel the ownership of some of the content, I can acknowledge
or remove as the case may be. Permissions beyond the scope of this
license can be requested at www.skpatil.com
3. Traffic problem in cities
3
Traffic congestions – Disadvantages
Increase in congestion leads to an increase in transport cost and a
decrease in economic productivity
Congestion leads to a distorted land use pattern in the long run,
causing more serious transport problems in the future
Transport problems discourage decentralization and re-distribution
of economic activities and population.
Increase in traffic demand caused by the influx of 'migrants' hinders
the smooth implementation of urban transport development plans
Insufficient 'space' available within the built up areas to allow large
scale urban transport improvement programs, thus hindering future
growth
The lack of proper inter-modal coordination leads to increase in
transport cost as well as reduction in overall urban productivity
Pollution
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
4. Remedies for traffic problem
4
Weightage roads
One ways
Special provision for car parking
Terminal bus stops
Mandatory provision of parking places at public places
Awareness /education
Enforce rules and regulation
Speed restrictions
Signals and symbols
Provision of junctions
Apply principle of segregation
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
5. Principle of segregation of traffic
5
Intermingling of traffic types
Slow/Fast
Highway/Local
Segregation-Separation
Place segregation
Separating traffic by height e.g. Bridge
Separation on same level by physical barriers
Time segregation
Imposing one ways in particular times
Night entry for heavy haulers
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
7. Layouts - Grid Iron/ Rectangular
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
7
Roads at right angles
Fixed layout (predictable)
Suitable for flat terrain
Grid Iron network of roads
Advantage
Good speed
Rectangular houses
No land wastage, Max. use of space
Disadvantage
No shortcuts
Costly in uneven terrain
Accidents
Monotonous
8. Neighborhood Unit Planning
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
8
Unity in diversity
Principles of Neighborhood Unit Planning
Size – Population units
Boundaries – By periphery road
Protective strips - Limits
Internal roads – Traffic control
Commerce units
Community centers
Facilities
Amenities
9. Housing Layouts- Cul-de-sac Layout
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
9
Dead ends – suitable for small country
Traffic control
Length should not be more than 80-100 m
Privacy maintained
Peace, free from noise, Dust
Minimum accidents
Dead End road Network
10. Housing Layouts - Shoe-String development
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
10
Improved variety of cul-de-sac
Shoe (encircle) ‘S’ shape
No direct access to main road
Advantage as same of cul-de-sac
Privacy maintained
Peace, free from noise, Dust
Minimum accidents
Shoe String road network
13. Circular and Radial (Spider Web) System
1/15/2018Prof.S.K.Patil,www.skpatil.com
13
Advantage
Direct access to HEART
Traffic distribution
Support natural/economic growth of town
Disadvantage
Trapezoidal shape of plots
Not economical for
house construction