By 吉隆坡循人中学圣约翰救伤队

1. LESSON 1
INTRODUCTION OF FIRST
AID

2. WHAT IS FIRST AID??

3. 急救的定义
First Aid is the treatment given to the
casualty for an injury or sudden
illness before the arrival of the
ambulance or medical assistance
(Doctor/ Nurse)

4. THE PURPOSES OF FIRST AID
• To preserve life 保存生命
• To prevent deterioration in casualty’s condition.
防止伤势恶化
• To promote recovery 促进复原
• To protect the unconscious

5. FIRST AIDER’S
RESPONSIBILITIES
YOU SHOULD:
• Rapid but calm approach应对
• Make quick assessment评估 of the situation and
casualty.
• Make a correct diagnosis诊断of the condition.
• Give immediate and appropriate适当 management.
• Arrange proper and appropriate disposal处理of
casualty.

6. FIRST AIDER’S
RESPONSIBILITIES
• End responsibilities when the casualty is
handed over to the care of medical
assistance or appropriate person.
• First aider should not leave when there are
no one could take charge the casualty.

7. ASSESSMENT评估OF THE
SITUATION
• 发生什么事？
• 现场有什么对我有危险Danger的，旁观者By Standers
和伤者Casualty？
• 多少位伤者？
• 伤者的情况Condition会是怎样的？
• 谁的生命是有危险的？
• 什么资源Resources是可以当场利用的？
• 有什么特别的需要Special needed？
D
R
S
A
B
C
Check for Danger 的细部流程

8. PRIMARY ASSESMENT
1.Check for responsiveness
-Alert (conscious)
-Voice(semiconscious)
-Pain
-Unresponsive (unconscious)
Check for Response 的细部流
程

9. 2. ENSURE OPEN AIRWAY
-HEAD TILT倾斜 CHIN下巴 LIFT
3.CHECK BREATHING
-LOOK, FEEL, LISTEN
4.CHECK FOR CIRCULATION

10. S- Sign and Symptom
A- Allergy
M- Medication
P- Previous medical history
L- Last meal
E- Event history
History- taken directly from bystanders
PRINCIPLE OF DIAGNOSIS诊断