By 吉隆坡循人中学圣约翰救伤队

1. Headaches

2. Causes of headaches

3. Types of Headaches
• Sinus
• Migraine
• Tension
• Cluster
• TMJ
• Neck
• Stress headaches
• Anxiety headaches
• Headaches caused by digestive problems

4. Sinus 鼻窦炎
• Inflammation of the lining
of eight sinus cavities.
• Signs and symptoms:
– A deep dull chronic ache
around the eyes,
cheekbones, forehead,
and bridge of the nose.
– Leaning over, sudden
movement, or exercising
may make the headache
worse.

5. Migraine 偏头痛
• Signs and symptoms:
– Intense pain on one side
of the head with pressure
behind one eye.
– Always repeated in the
same area.
– Accompanied by
disturbances of vision
and hearing.
– Nausea and vomiting.
– Pain gets worse with
normal physical
activities.

6. Tension
• Causes of headache:
– Muscle contractions.
• Signs and symptoms:
– Mild to moderate pain
on both sides from neck
to forehead.
– “Squeezing” pain
around the crown of
head.
– Physical activity does
not make headache
worse.

7. Cluster 丛集性头痛
• Signs and symptoms:
– Pain on one side of
the face, head, or
neck.
– Pain around one eye.
– Pain does not switch
sides.
– Lying down makes
headache worse.

8. TMJ (Temporomandibular joint dysfunction)
• Signs and symptoms:
– Pain at temples,
ahead of ears.

9. Neck
• Signs and symptoms:
– Pain in back of head
and top of neck.

10. Stress Headaches
• Signs and symptoms:
– Pain runs from the
neck to the top of the
skull.

11. Anxiety Headaches
• Signs and symptoms:
– Pain crosses the
forehead.

12. Headaches Caused by Digestive
Problems
• Causes of headache:
– Overindulgence of
alcohol.
– Food sensitivities.
– Food addictives.
• Signs and symptoms:
– Headaches
accompanied by
stomach, kidney,
intestinal and
gallbladder ailments.

13. Relieving headaches
• Ask the casualty to drink plenty of water – The
casualty will gradually feel the pain start to ease.
• Find a quiet, dark place for casualty to take a break –
This sensory reduction can help the casualty relax and
heal.
• Use a cool compress over the casualty’s forehead and
eyes – To help the blood vessels constrict.
• Massage the casualty’s face, scalp, neck and
shoulders – This can improve circulation and relieve
pain of the headache.
• Ask the casualty to take a deep breath – Which may
help the casualty to relax.