The document discusses female reproductive physiology, describing the stages from puberty through menopause. It focuses on the menstrual cycle, explaining the hormonal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and the cyclic changes that occur in the ovaries and endometrium under the influence of estrogen and progesterone. During the proliferative phase, estrogen stimulates endometrial growth, while the secretory phase is characterized by the effects of progesterone on the endometrium to prepare for potential implantation.

3. Puberty menopause Child –bearing period menstruation pregnancy

9. menses

12. Hypothalamus Pituitary Ovary endometrium

13. Hypothalamic- Pituitary Axis

18. Ganodotropin secretory pattern

22. positive feedback negative effect negative effect During the luteal phase, both LH and FSH are significantly suppressed through the negative feedback effect of elevated circulating estradiol and progesterone levels.

25. Hypothalamus

27. GnRH ( gonadotropin-releasing hormone)

33. Ovarian cycle

39. Cervix mucus

49. Follicular development

64. ovulation

65. Human oocyte-corona-cumulus complex

70. Histophysiology of the Endometrium

83. Spermatogenesis, sperm capacitation, and fertilization

87. More than 15% of which should be morphologically normal.

90. The overlying plasma membrane becomes unstable and eventually breaks down, releasing Hyaluronidase corona-dispersing enzyme.

93. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

94. Cleavage, morula, blastocyst

96. 4-cell 8-cell blastocyst Implanted blastocyst

97. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENDANCE