The document discusses operating systems and how to install and upgrade Windows. It provides an overview of key operating systems including various versions of Windows, Mac OS, Linux distributions, and UNIX. It then details the steps for preparing for, performing, and troubleshooting Windows installations and upgrades, covering topics such as hardware requirements, installation methods, and common errors.

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 Provides the fundamental link between the
hardware that makes up the PC and the
user
 OS should be able to do four things:
– Communicate with hardware
– Provide a user interface
– Provide a structure for accessing applications
– Enable users to manipulate programs and data

3. Microsoft Windows
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 Mac OS
 UNIX
 Linux
– Few of the more famous ones:
 Fedora Core
– A popular general-purpose Linux, derived from Red Hat Linux.
 Debian
– Used for everything from individual systems to powerful servers.
 Slackware
– A favorite distro for folks who are good at Linux—flexible but not as user
friendly.
 Ubuntu
– Based on Debian but designed for easy use by individual users.
 SuSE
– Another popular general-purpose distro.

5. Installing/Upgrading
Windows
 Preparing for Installation or Upgrade
1. Identify hardware requirements
2. Verify hardware and software compatibility
3. Decide whether to perform a clean installation or an
upgrade
4. Determine how to back up and restore existing data, if
necessary
5. Select an installation method
6. Determine how to partition the hard drive and what file
system to use
7. Determine your computer’s network role
8. Decide on your computer’s language and locale settings
9. Plan for post-installation tasks

6. Post-Installation Tasks
 Identifying Installation Problems
 Patches, Service Packs, and
Updates
 Upgrading Drivers
 Restoring User Data Files
(if Applicable)

7. Installing or Upgrading to
Windows 2000 Professional
 Hardware Requirements

8. Installing or Upgrading
to Windows XP
Professional
 Upgrade Paths
– Windows 98 (all versions)
– Windows Me
– Windows NT 4.0 Workstation (Service
Pack 5 and later)
– Windows 2000 Professional (including
service packs)
– Windows XP Home Edition

9. XP Hardware Requirements

10. Upgrading Issues for Windows
2000 and Windows XP
 Issues that you should be aware of before performing an
upgrade:
– You can upgrade directly to Windows 2000 Professional from
Windows 95/98 (but not Windows Me) and Windows NT
Workstation
 Because of differences between Windows 9x and Windows
2000/XP, you
– might find that some programs that ran well under Windows 9x
will not run under Windows 2000/XP
– Not only does Windows 2000/XP have new hardware
requirements, it also does not like a lot of Windows 9x software!
– Third-party disk compression applications are not supported by
Windows 2000/XP
– Third-party power management applications are also likely to
cause problems with a Windows 2000/XP installation

11. The Windows 2000/XP
Clean Install Process
 Manually
– From CD-ROM
– Over the Network Installation
 Automating the Install
– Scripting Installations with Setup
Manager
– Sysprep
 Disk Cloning

12. Troubleshooting
Installation Problems (Text
Mode Errors)
 No Boot Device Present When Booting Off the Startup
Disk
 Either the startup disk is bad or the CMOS is not set to look at that disk drive
first
 Windows Setup Requires XXXX Amount of Available Drive
Space
– You forgot to format the C: drive, or there’s a bunch of stuff on the drive
already
 Not Ready Error on Optical Drive
– You probably just need to give the optical drive a moment to catch up.
Press R for retry a few times. You may also have a damaged installation
disc, or the optical drive may be too slow for the system
 A Stop Error (Blue Screen of Death) After the Reboot at
the End of Text Mode
– This is most common during a Windows 2000/XP installation and may
mean that you didn’t do your homework in checking hardware
compatibility, especially the BIOS. I’ll tell you more about stop errors in
Chapter 15, but if you encounter one of these errors during installation,
check out the Microsoft Knowledge Base, especially article 165863,
“Troubleshooting ‘Stop 0x0A’ Messages in Windows 2000 and Windows
NT.”

13. Troubleshooting Installation
Problems (Graphical Mode
Errors)
 Hardware Detection Errors
 Can’t Read CAB Files
 Lockups During Install
 Smart Recovery, Repair Install
 Optical Drive, Hard Drive