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1 Introduction To Premises Cabling System
- 1. Introduction to PREMISES CABLINGSYSTEM 1
- 2. Standards ISO CENELEC AS/NZS ANSI IEC CSA TIA EIA EN50173 AS/NZS 3080 TIA/EIA-568A ISO/IEC 11801 CSA T 529 AS 3084 TIA/EIA-569 CSA T 530 AS/NZS 3085 TIA/EIA-606 CSA T 529 TIA/EIA-607 CSA T 528 2
- 3. Benefits of StandardsCompliance • Assurance that cabling system will support standards-based applications − Future network applications will most likely be developed based on infrastructure standards • Simplify administration − Reduce Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) • Accommodate future growth 3
- 4. ISO/IEC-11801 • Generic cablingfor customer premises Standard − Approved and released in 1995 − The de-facto standard that all other organizations model their standards after • Purpose − To provide a world standard for the design, installation, and administration of commercial building telecommunications systems. 4
- 5. TIA/EIA-568A • Commercial BuildingTelecommunications Cabling Standard − EIA/TIA-568 - July 1991 − TIA/EIA-568A - October 1995 − EIA/TIA-568B - 2000 • Purpose − To enable the planning and installation of a structured cabling system for commercial buildings... − ...specifying a generic telecommunications cabling system that will support a multi-product, multi-vendor environment 5
- 6. ISO/IEC-11801 and TIA/EIA-568A Overview Major sections include: • Definitions, Acronyms, Abbreviations • Horizontal and Backbone Cabling • Telecommunications Closets, Equipment Rooms, Building Entrance Facilities • Unshielded Twisted Pair, Shielded Twisted Pair and Optical Fiber Cabling and Connecting Hardware • Shielding Practices • Link Specifications and Testing 6
- 7. ISO/IEC-11801 and TIA/EIA-568A Differences Cable Type: • ISO allows 120Ω cable and 50/125µm optical fiber Terminology: TIA/EIA-568A ISO/IEC 11801 Main Cross Connect Campus Distributor Intermediate Cross Connect Building Distributor Horizontal Cross Connect/ Floor Distributor Telecommunications Closet Entrance Facility Building Entrance Facility Interbuilding Backbone Campus Backbone Intrabuilding Backbone Building Backbone 7
- 8. TIA/EIA-569A • Commercial BuildingStandard for Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces • Purpose − Standardize specific design and construction practices within and between buildings which are in support of telecommunications media and equipment • Sections − Horizontal Pathways − Backbone Pathways − Work Area − Telecommunications Closet, Equipment Room, Entrance Facilities 8
- 9. TIA/EIA-606 • Administration Standardfor the Telecommunications Infrastructure of Commercial Buildings • Purpose − To provide a uniform administration scheme that is independent of applications and establishes guidelines for owners, end users, manufacturers, consultants, contractors, designers, installers, and facilities administrators involved in the administration of telecommunications infrastructure • Sections − Administration Concepts − Pathway and Space, and Grounding & Bonding Administration − Labeling and Color Coding 9
- 10. TIA/EIA-607 • Commercial BuildingGrounding and Bonding Requirements for the Telecommunications Industry • Purpose − To enable the planning, design, and installation of a telecommunications grounding system that supports a multi- vendor, multi-product environment as well as the grounding practices for various systems • Sections − Grounding and Bonding Overview − Components of the Grounding and Bonding Infrastructure − Telecommunications Closet, Equipment Room, and Entrance Facilities 10
- 11. Elements/Sub-Systems • Work Area •Horizontal Cabling • Telecommunications Closet • Backbone Cabling • Equipment Room • Entrance Facility • Administration 11
- 12.
- 13.
- 14. Hierarchical Star Topology MDF/CD IDF/BD Backbone Cabling TC TC TC TC TC TC FD Horizontal Cabling H………H H………H H………H H………H H………H H………H WA WA WA WA WA WA 14
- 15. Work Area, HorizontalCabling, Telecommunications Closet 15
- 16. Backbone Cabling, EquipmentRoom, Entrance Facilities 16
- 17. Elements/Sub-Systems - Administration •Work Area • Horizontal Cabling • Telecommunications Closet • Backbone Cabling • Equipment Room • Entrance Facility • Administration 17
- 18.
- 19. Cable Classification Category3/Class C - 16 MHz Category 5/Class D - 100 MHz Category 5e/Class D - 100 MHz Category 6/Class E - 250 MHz Category 7/Class F - 600 MHz 19
- 20. Twisted Pair Types UTP FTP, SFTP STP, PiMF 20
- 21. Crosstalk 21
- 22. Near End Crosstalk(NEXT) Transmit Receive • Crosstalk measures the amount of signal interference from one pair to another pair • NEXT measures crosstalk at the signal source (Near End) 22
- 23. Twisted Pair Construction 22/24 AWG PVC, LSZH, FEP 22/26 AWG (PiMF = 23 AWG, 4-pair) 23
- 24. Optical Fiber Overview •Reflection • Refraction • Refractive Index • Core/Cladding • Numerical Aperture • Modes • Wavelength 24
- 25. Advantages of FiberOptics • Large Bandwidth • Low Attenuation • No Crosstalk • No Radio Freq. or Electromagnetic Emissions • No RFI or EMI susceptibility • No Ground Loops • Safety, no Shock or Spark Hazards • High Future Upgrade Capability • No EMP susceptibility 25
- 26. Reflection vs. Refraction Refraction Source Reflection 26
- 27. Refractive Index N2 N1 Speed of Light (Vacuum) N= Speed of Light (Medium) 27
- 28. Internal Reflection ina Fiber Cladding = n1 n 1 = 1.46 80.6 80.6 n 2 = 1.48 n 1 = 1.46 b C = sin 1.46 = 80.6° -1 1.48 Core = n 2 28
- 29. Core/Cladding Core Cladding Glass Cladding Rod Glass Tube Core Heat Heat Fiber 29
- 30. CROSS SECTION OFA TYPICAL FIBER Core Cladding 125 um Coating 250 um, 400 um or 900 um 30
- 31. Numerical Aperture andModes Low Order Modes Axial Mode Acceptance Cone High Order Modes 31
- 32. Wavelength ATTENUATION 850 1300/1310 1550 WAVELENGTH 32
- 33. Optical Fiber Review •Reflection • Refraction • Refractive Index • Core/Cladding • Numerical Aperture • Modes • Wavelength 33
- 34. Optical Fiber Types •Multi-mode − accepts many modes of light − supports 850 and 1300 nanometer wavelengths • Singlemode − accepts only one mode of light - the axial mode − supports 1310 and 1550 nanometer wavelengths 34
- 35. Optical Fiber Types Multimode Singlemode Graded Index Preform 35
- 36. Multi-mode Step Index Dispersion Source Input Pulse Output Pulse 36
- 37. Multi-mode Graded Index Dispersion Source Input Pulse Output Pulse 37
- 38. Multi-mode Optical FiberSizes 62.5/125 50/125 38
- 39. Singlemode Fiber Source 125 m Cladding Diameter Input Pulse Output Pulse 8.3 to 10 m Core Diameter 39
- 40. FIBER TYPES Multimode stepindex fiber Low Order Mode High Order Mode Input Pulse Refractive Output Pulse Index Profile Multimode graded index fiber Input Pulse Output Pulse Refractive Index Profile Singlemode step index fiber Output Pulse Only one mode, No mode dispersion Refractive Input Pulse Index Profile 40
- 41. Optical Fiber froma preform Preform Muffle furnace Fiber 41
- 42. Optical Fiber Components Fiber Coating Protective Strength Outer Buffer Members Jacket 42
- 43. CABLE CONSTRUCTION Simplex, Tight Buffer Cable PVC Outer Jacket Kevlar Strength Members Hytrel Buffer Optical Fiber 43
- 44. Coatings and Buffers Tight Tube Loose Tube 44
- 45. Strength Members andOuter Jackets PVC, LSZH, FEP (Plenum) Kevlar Steel/Fiberglass PE 45
- 46.
- 47. Cable Construction Interconnect Cables Pigtail, Patchcords, Intrabuilding Internal equipment connections Patch panels - Wall outlet to desktop User friendly Distribution Cables Backbones Cabling Vertical/Horizontal Cabling For cabling behind the wall and patch panels. Less fiber protection at connectorized level. 47
- 48. Cable Construction Breakout Cables Backbones - Campus - Zone cabling Vertical Cabling - Horizontal Cabling Fiber very well protected at connectorized level Essentially simplex cables in common jacket Outdoor Cables Long distance Buried - Aerial - Building Entrance Generally no flame rating - limited distance in building Gel filled to eliminate moisture Loose tube for expansion/contraction/movement No fiber protection at connector level 48
- 49. Cable Ratings Defined byNational Electrical Code. Tested by UL, etc. Cables must meet specific requirements for flammability and smoke generation. OFN : General use, less than 50´ OFNR : Riser rated, Can be used in vertical passages. OFNP : Plenum rated, Can be installed in air plenums without conduit. LSZH : Low Smoke, Zero halogen, No specific flame requirements 49
- 50. CABLE APPLICATIONS • Outside Plant (OSP), Loose Tube − Use: All Outside Applications − Aerial − Gel-filled − Ultra-violet Resistant − Self-supporting or Lashed − Direct Burial (Trenched) − Rodent Protected − Gel-filled − Strong Central Strength Member − Burial (Conduit) − Gel-filled, Not as Rugged 50
- 51. Cabling Media Types Media Connector Bandwidth Type Type 100Ω/120Ω up to 8-Position CAT 3/5/5e/6 UTP 16/100/200 MHz IDC 100Ω up to 8-Position CAT 7 STP 600 MHz IDC up to 4-Position 150Ω STP-A 300 MHz Data 62.5/125µm up to Duplex Multi-mode 500 MHz-km 568SC Singlemode up to Duplex Fiber 500 MHz-km + 568SC 50/125µm up to Multi-mode 500 MHz-km SC-D 51
- 52. CONNECTING IT ALLTOGETHER 52
- 53. Horizontal Cabling Distance 6m 90 m 3m 53
- 54. Backbone Cabling Distances HC/FD A MC/CD EP C HC/FD B IC/BD MEDIA A B C UTP voice 800 m/2624ft 500 m/1640ft 300 m/984ft UTP data 90 m/295ft STP-A 90 m/295ft Multimode Fiber 2000 m/6560ft 500 m/1640ft 1500 m/4920ft Singlemode Fiber 3000 m/9840ft 500 m/1640ft 2500 m/8200ft 54
- 55. Summary • Premises CablingSystem • ISO and TIA/EIA Standards • Elements of Telecommunications Infrastructure • Cable/Fiber Types, Categories, Classes and Performance • Cable Construction • Cable, Connectors and Cabling Distances 55