Aksharica (अक्षरिका) is a Nepali Language Newsletter. Aksharica is made with a combination of two words “Akshar” and “America”. Akshar means “letter” in Nepali, thus goal of the Aksharica is to educate, inform, inspire, and empower the Nepali speaking community (Bhutanese and Nepalese) residing in America. Rajesh Koirala is working as an editor since it started on August 2010. This is 64th issue, published on October, 2014.

1. @)!$ cS6f]a/
jif{ % c+s ^$
o; c+sdf s] s] <
(What is inside ?)
à s'g 7fpFdf slt e"6fgL <=======!
(Citywise Bhutanese in the US)
à @))* otf slxn] slt <=======@
(Resettlement since 2008)
à a9L, sd / gePsf /fHo=======#
(Most, least and no resettlement)
à ;a} b]zaf6 jif]{lg slt <========$
(Resettlement form all countries)
à wfld{s cf:yfdf ;+Vof============%
(Religions of Bhutanese / US)
à l8eL kg]{ g]kfnLx¿==================^
(DV winner Nepalese)
à ljZje/ g]kfnL–efifL================&
(Nepali-speakers in the world)
à gful/s k|Zg–pQ/ *#=============*
(Civic Test - Q/A no. 83)
à rNtLsf c+u|]hL zAb #@=========*
(Most common Eng. words 32)
s'g zx/df slt e"6fgL k'g:Yff{lkt
;g @)!$ ;]K6]Da/ clGtd;Dd
cd]l/sL ;/sf/n] &* xhf/
& ;o &@ hgf g]kfnL–efifL
e"6fgLnfO{ k'gjf{; u/fO
;s]sf] 5 .
;g @)!# cS6f]a/ ! df
z'? eP/ ;g @)!$
;]K6]Da/ #) df ;lsPsf]
cfly{s jif{ -;g @)!#÷)!$_
df * xhf/ $ ;o #$ hgf
k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf] 5 .
*k[i7
o;k6s
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ -;g
@)!@÷)!#_ df cd]l/sfdf
dfq ( xhf/ ! ;o #$ hgf
k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf] lyof] .
cd]l/sfsf] cfly{s jif{ -cf=j=_
cS6f]a/ ! df z'? eP/
csf]{ jif{sf] ;]K6]Da/ #! df
;lsG5 .
cl3Nnf] cf=j= -;g
@)!@÷)!#_ eGbf o; cf=j=
Go' XofD;/sf] s+s8{df ;g @)!$ ;]K6]Da/ !# df ePsf] gjf}+ ax';f+:s[lts dxf]T;jdf uLt ufpFb}
g]kfnL–efifL e"6fgL . tl:a/M h'lnof lk|mDofg pNk6{ (Julia Freeman-Woolpert)
n n
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{eGbf
o; cfly{s jif{df & ;o
sd k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf]
5 . k"/} cfly{s jif{sf]
tYofªs x]g]{ xf] eg]
of] jif{df ;aeGbf sd
k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf]
xf] . ;g @))* dfr{df
dfq k'g:yf{kgf yflnPsfn]
To;k6s sd ePsf] xf] .
n n afFsL o;kl5sf k]hdf
cd]l/sfdf &* xhf/ & ;o &@

2. @
@)!$cS6f]a/,jif{%c+s^$
-;g @)!#÷)!$_ df & ;o
sd k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf] 5 .
k"/} cf=j= sf] tYofªs x]g]{
xf] eg] of] jif{df ;a–
eGbf sd k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf]
xf] . ;g @))* sf] dfr{df
/fHosf] gfd k'g:yf{lktsf] ;+Vof -;g @)!$ ;]K6]Da/ clGtd;Dd_
!= cnf:sf (Alaska)...................................................................!#*
P+s/]h (Anchorage)...........................................................!#*
@= cl/hf]gf (Arizona)..........................................................@,*&*
UofG8]n (Glendale).............................................................!)!
lkmlgS; (Phoenix)...........................................................!#**
6S;g (Tucson)...............................................................!#*(
#= cs{G;f; (Arkansas) ............................................................... #
l:k|ªu8]n (Springdale)............................................................#
$= Soflnkmf]lg{of (California) .................................................!,###
cnfd]8f (Alameda)............................................................!^*
sfdf{Osn (Carmichael).......................................................$$
Sof:6«f] EofnL (Castro Valley)................................................#
kmf]N;d (Folsom)..................................................................!!
kmn6{g (Fullerton)..................................................................@
uf8{g u|f]e (Garden Grove)..................................................!!
csNofG8 (Oakland)...........................................................@^*
:ofqm]d]G6f] (Sacramento).....................................................@*(
;fg l8ofuf] (San Diego)....................................................@%%
;fg k|mflG;:sf] (San Francisco).........................................!^)
;fg xf];] (San Jose)...........................................................!)*
:ofG6f Sn]/f (Santa Clara).....................................................$
p8NofG8 (Woodland)...........................................................!)
%= sf]nf]/f8f] (Colorado)....................................................... #,)@)
c/f]/f (Aurora)..................................................................$*#
sf]nf]/f8f] l:k|ª; (Colorado Springs) ................................@#$
8]ge/ (Denver)...............................................................@,@^@
P+unp8 (Englewood).............................................................&
UofG8]n (Glendale)..................................................................#
lu|nL (Greeley)........................................................................(
n]sp8 (Lakewood)................................................................$
;'k]l/o/ (Superior)................................................................!*
^= sg]lS6s6 (Connecticut) .....................................................@^^
la|hkf]6{ (Bridgeport)............................................................%)
8aL{ (Derby)............................................................................@
O:6 xf6{kmf]8{ (East Hartford)..................................................%
xf6{kmf]8{ (Hartford)..............................................................!(&
Go' x]a]g (New Haven)..........................................................!!
gy{ x]a]g (North Haven).........................................................!
&= ˆnf]l/8f (Florida) .............................................................. ^^$
HofS;glen (Jacksonville)................................................^)*
dfofld (Miami).......................................................................$
cf]Nof{G8f] (Orlando).................................................................^
s'g jif{ slt hgf <
jif{ -;gdf_===================================== ;+Vof
;g @))&÷@))* ========================================= %,#@)
;g @))*÷@))( ========================================= !#,$%@
;g @))(÷@)!) ========================================= !@,#^#
;g @)!)÷@)!! ========================================= !$,(((
;g @)!!÷@)!@ ========================================= !%,)&)
;g @)!@÷@)!# ============================================ (,!#$
;g @)!#÷@)!$ ============================================ *,$#$
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
hDdf ========================================&*,&&@
dfq k'g:yf{kgf yflnPsfn]
To;k6s -;g @))&÷))*_
sd x'g' :jefljs lyof] .
s'g 7fp“df slt <
o;k6s cd]l/sfsf] s'g
7fpFdf slthgf k'g:yf{kgf
ul/of] eGg] tYof+s k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 . Ps 7fpFaf6
csf]{ 7fpFdf a;fO{ ;g{ kfOg]
ePsfn] clxn] oxL ;+Vofdf
pxfFx? ToxLF a;f]af; gu/]sf]
x'g;S5 . sd–a];L x'g;S5 .
;g @))* otf slxn] /
slt hgfnfO{ k'g:yf{lkt
ul/of] <

3. #@)!$cS6f]a/,jif{%c+s^$
6]Dkf (Tampa).......................................................................$^
*= hlh{of (Georgia) ............................................................ %,@^#
cNkmf/]§f (Alpharetta)...........................................................*@
c6nfG6f (Atlanta)...........................................................!,#*%
PaG8]n (Avondale)..................................................................$
PaG8]n :6]6; (Avondale Estates)........................................&%
SofG6g (Canton)....................................................................@
Snfs{:6g (Clarkston)................................................... !,&@^
l8s]6/ (Decatur)............................................................!,@$)
8f]/flen (Doraville)..............................................................@@
8'n'y (Duluth).......................................................................!#
n/]G;len (Lawrenceville).......................................................^
lnnag{ (Lilburn)................................................................!$$
dfpG6]g Eo' (Mountain View)................................................!
gf]/qm; (Norcross)................................................................!(
/;j]n (Roswell)...................................................................!*
:g]nlen (Snellville).............................................................!%
:6f]g dfpG6]g (Stone Mountain).......................................%)!
6s/ (Tucker).......................................................................!)
(= cfO8fxf] (Idaho) .............................................................. !,#*!
AjfOhL (Boise)...................................................................&*)
l6jg kmN; (Twin Falls)....................................................^)!
!)= Olngf]o (Illinois) ............................................................ @,#^*
c/f]/f (Aurora)...................................................................$#^
l;sfuf] (Chicago)...........................................................!,!(^
PeG:6g (Evanston)................................................................#
Un]g Plng (Glen Ellyn).......................................................^)
UofG8]n xfO6; (Glendale Heights)......................................#$
df]lng (Moline)....................................................................*%
/s cfONofG8 (Rock Island)..............................................@@)
lXj6g (Wheaton)..............................................................##$
!!= OlG8ofgf (Indiana) ............................................................ !@%
OlG8ofgf kf]ln; (Indianapolis)..........................................!@%
!@= cfof]jf (Iowa) .................................................................. &!*
8] df]o (Des Moines).........................................................^(^
xfofjyf{ (Hiawartha)..............................................................&
j]:6 8] df]o (West Des Moines)..........................................!%
!#= sG;f; (Kansas) ............................................................... %*@
sG;f; l;6L (Kansas City)...............................................%$%
cf]e/NofG8 kfs{ (Overland Park)........................................#%
ljlr6f (Wichita)....................................................................@
!$= s]G6sL (Kentucky) ....................................................... @,)@$
af]lnª lu|g (Bowling Green).............................................!##
n]lS;ª6g (Lexington).......................................................$#!
n'O{len (Louisville).........................................................!,$^)
!%= n'lhofgf (Louisiana) .......................................................... $!
Aof6g ?h (Baton Rouge)..................................................$!
!^= d]l/Nof08 (Maryland) .................................................. !,*&$
aflN6df]/ (Baltimore).....................................................!,##@
a9L ;+Vofdf e"6fgL k'g:yf{lkt % /fHo
!= k]G;ne]lgof ........ * xhf/ ^ ;o &)
@= 6]S;f; ................ & xhf/ # ;o $@
#= Go'of]s{ ................ ^ xhf/ ^ ;o #^
$= cf]xfof] ................ % xhf/ ( ;o %)
%= hlh{of ................ % xhf/ @ ;o ^#
sd ;+Vofdf k'g:yf{lkt ul/Psf % /fHo
!= cs{G;f;........................#
@= n'lhofgf......................$!
#= ;fpy Sof/f]nfOgf........%)
$= OlG8ofgf.....................!@%
%= Go' d]lS;sf]................!@*
k'g:yf{lkt gul/Psf gf} /fHo
oL gf} /fHodf k'g:yf{lkt ul/Psf] 5}g M
!= cnfafdf (Alabama)
@= 8]nfj/ (Delaware)
#= xjfO{ (Hawaii)
$= d]g (Maine)
%= ldl;l;kL (Mississippi)
^= df]G6fgf (Montana)
&= cf]Snxfdf (Oklahoma)
*= j]:6 elh{lgof
(West Virginia)
(= jfof]ldª (Wyoming)
a9L, sd a;f]af; ePsf
tyf k'g:yf{kgf
gul/Psf /fHox¿

4. $
@)!$cS6f]a/,jif{%c+s^$
cd]l/sfn] kl5Nnf jif{x?df jif]{lg a9Ldf *) xhf/
z/0ffyL{nfO{ k'gjf{;sf] aGbf]a:t ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . oL
;a} z/0ffyL{ cd]l/sf NofOG5g / ;w}+sf nflu
cd]l/sfsf :yfoL afl;Gbf aG5g . of] l;df z'?df
lyPg, s'g} jif{ @ nfv / s'g} jif{ !( xhf/dfq
k'g:yf{lkt u/]sf] kfOG5 . ;g !(&% cd]l/sfn]
cf}krfl/s ¿kdf z/0ffyL{ k'g:yf{kgf yfn]sf] xf] . ;g
@)!$ ;Dd cd]l/sfn] sl/a ## nfv z/0ffyL{ a;f]af;
u/fO;Sof] . o; ;"rLdf ;g @))! otf s'g jif{ slt
z/0ffyL{ cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{lkt eP pNn]v 5M
jif{ -;gdf_================================ ;+Vof
@)))÷@))! ================================ ^(, **^
@))!÷@))@ ================================ @&, !#!
@))@÷@))# ================================ @*, $)(
@))#÷@))$ ================================ %@, *&#
@))$÷@))% ================================ %#, *!#
@))%÷@))^ ================================ $!, @@#
@))^÷@))& ================================ $*, @*@
@))&÷@))* ================================ ^), !(!
@))*÷@))( ================================ &$, ^%$
@))(÷@)!) ================================ &#, #!!
@)!)÷@)!! ================================ %^, $@$
@)!!÷@)!@ ================================ %*, @#*
@)!@÷@)!# ================================ ^(, (@^
@)!#÷@)!$ ================================ ^(, (&*
;g @)!$÷@)!% df a9Ldf &) xhf/ z/0ffyL{
k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ k|:tfj cl3;fl/Psf] 5 .
s]6G;len (Catonsville).......................................................@!
8G8Ns (Dundalk)...................................................................(
xfot;len (Hyattsville).........................................................^
cS;g lxn (Oxon Hill)..........................................................^
l/e/8]n (Riverdale)...........................................................@(@
l/e/8]n kfs{ (Riverdale Park)............................................!!
l;Ne/ l:k|ªu (Silver Spring)............................................!*(
6sf]df kfs{ (Takoma Park)....................................................@
XjfO6 dfz{ (White Marsh).....................................................^
!&= df;fr';]6; (Massachusetts) ......................................... @,%*$
af]:6g (Boston)..................................................................!&)
r]N;L (Chelsea)..................................................................!$!
8f]/r]:6/ (Dorchester).........................................................!@
hdfOsf Kn]g (Jamaica Plain)................................................@
nf]cn (Lowell)...................................................................!&^
lng (Lynn)........................................................................!##
Go'6g (Newton)......................................................................^
;fpy af]:6g (South Boston)...............................................#@
l:k|ªulkmN8 (Springfield)...................................................@(^
jfNyd (Waltham)...................................................................!
j]n:nL (Wellesley)................................................................!)
j]:6 l:k|ªulkmN8 (West Springfield)..................................&()
j':6{/ (Worcester)...............................................................*!%
!*= ldl;ug (Michigan) ....................................................... !,^*^
Uo|fG8 x]a]g (Grand Haven)..................................................%#
Uo|fG8 ¥oflk8; (Grand Rapids)..........................................^$!
Uo|fG8len (Grandville)..........................................................!(
Xof:n]6 (Haslett)....................................................................^
s]G6p8 (Kentwood)..............................................................$!
nfgl;ª (Lansing)..............................................................(!&
l:k|ªu n]s (Spring Lake)......................................................(
!(= ldg];f]6f (Minnesota) ........................................................ (%@
O8g lk|o/L (Eden Prairie)......................................................$
nfp8/8]n (Lauderdale)..........................................................*
ldlgofkln; (Minneapolis).................................................$@$
/f]r]:6/ (Rochester)..............................................................#)
/f]hlen (Roseville)..............................................................^)
;]G6 kn (Saint Paul).........................................................$@^
@)= ldhf}/L (Missouri) ........................................................... !@@)
sG;f; l;6L (Kansas City)...............................................!@#
;]G6 n'O; (Saint Louis)..................................................!)(&
@!= g]a|f:sf (Nebraska) .........................................................!,)*(
a]nEo" (Bellevue)....................................................................%
lnªsg (Lincoln)....................................................................^
cf]dfxf (Omaha)..............................................................!,)*&
@@= g]ef8f (Nevada) ................................................................@*%
nf; e]uf; (Las Vegas)......................................................@*%
@#= Go' ÅofD;/ (New Hampshire) ...................................... @,)&$
s+s8{ (Concord)..............................................................!,)*#
ljleGg b]zaf6 cfpg]sf] ;+Vof
jif]{lg k'gjf{;
Go' XofD;/ /fHosf] Dofgr]:6/df 6fFl;Psf kmf]6fx?df ljljwtf
emNsG5 . km]+6f afFw]sL g]kfnL cfdf x'g'x'G5 . tl:a/M /fh]z sf]O/fnf

5. %@)!$cS6f]a/,jif{%c+s^$
nsf]lgof (Laconia)..............................................................#%
Dofgr]:6/ (Manchester)...................................................(##
gf;'cf (Nashua)...................................................................@#
@$= Go' h;L{ (New Jersey) ..................................................... #^!
SofD8g (Camden)................................................................@$
Plnhfj]y (Elizabeth)...........................................................!%
XofldN6g (Hamilton).............................................................%
h;L{ l;6L (Jersey City).......................................................!@
lnG8g (Linden)..................................................................!#@
ldn6fpg (Milltown)..............................................................(
gjfs{ (Newark).......................................................................*
6«]G6g (Trenton)..................................................................!%)
o'lgoglen (Unionville)..........................................................^
@%= Go' d]lS;sf] (New Mexico)..................................................!@*
PNa'ssL{ (Albuquerque).....................................................!@*
@^= Go'of]s{ (New York) ........................................................ ^,^#^
cNafgL (Albany)................................................................#!&
Pdx:6{ (Amherst)...................................................................*
a|f]ªs; (Bronx)....................................................................(&
a|'slng (Brooklyn).................................................................^
akm]nf] (Buffalo)...............................................................!,^*!
PNdx:6{ (Elmhurst).............................................................$!
lna/k'n (Liverpool)................................................................&
Go'of]s{ (New York)............................................................!!^
lSjG; (Queens)....................................................................@)
/]uf] kfs{ (Rego Park).............................................................%
/f]r]:6/ (Rochester)........................................................@,!)%
:s6len (Scottsville)..............................................................@
;gL;fO8 (Sunnyside).............................................................%
l;/fs; (Syracuse).........................................................!,*&!
o'l6sf (Utica)....................................................................#!*
p8;fO8 (Woodside)............................................................#&
@&= gy{ Sof/f]nfOgf (North Carolina)...................................@,(%%
;fnf]{6 (Charlotte)...........................................................!,%@^
8'xf{d (Durham)..................................................................!@&
lu|G;a/f] (Greensboro)........................................................%$$
xfO KjfOG6 (High Point)....................................................$%$
DofYo'h (Matthews)..............................................................!#
df]l/;len (Morrisville)...........................................................#
/fln3 (Raleigh)..................................................................@$%
ljG:6g–;]nd (Winston-Salem)............................................$#
@*= gy{ 8sf]6f (North Dakota).............................................!,&($
kmfuf]{ (Fargo)...................................................................!,@^&
Uo|fG8 kmf]s{; (Grand Forks)..............................................%!(
j]:6 kmfuf]{ (West Fargo).........................................................*
@(= cf]xfof] (Ohio) ................................................................ %,(%)
Pqmf]g (Akron).................................................................!,&)&
larp8 (Beachwood).........................................................!@@
l;gl;Gof6L (Cincinnati)....................................................&!&
cd]l/sfdf k'g:yf{lkt ljleGg b]zsf dflg;x?af6
ljljwtf kSs} aG5 . dfG5]sf] ljljwtf;Fu} wd{, ;+:s[lt
cflbsf] klg ljljwtf b]Vg ;lsG5 .
cd]l/sfsf] s"n hg;+Vof sl/a #! s/f]8 ^@ nfv 5 .
;/sf/n] hgu0fgf ubf{ wd{ ;f]wL–vf]hL ub}{g . t/ lkp
l/;r{ (Pew Research) sf cg';Gwfgx?n] hgfPcg';f/
cd]l/sfdf sl/a &* k|ltzt O;fO{ (Christian), !=&
k|ltzt ox'bL (Jews), )=& k|ltzt af}4 wd{ (Buddhist),
)=^ k|ltzt d'l:nd (Muslim), )=$ k|ltzt lxGb" (Hindu)
/ cGo 5g .
o:tf] wfld{s ljljwtfsf] ;fgf] c+z k'g:yf{lkt e"6fgLx?df
klg b]lvG5 . e"6fgLdWo] ;aeGbf a9L lxGb" 5g eg]
bf];|f], t];|f] / rf}yf] :yfgdf af}4 wd{, O;fO{ / ls/fFt
wdf{jnDaLx? 5g . !* hgf cNk;+Vos / wd{
gv'n]sf JolQm 5g .
wfld{s cf:yfsf cfwf/df ;+Vof
s'g wd{sf slt k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf] 5 eGg] oxfF 5M
!= lxGb" ============================================================= $(, !)%
@= af}4 ============================================================== !^, !!!
#= O;fO{ ============================================================== &, )^^
$= ls/fFt ============================================================= ^, $&@
%= cGo ======================================================================= !*
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
s"n =================================================================== &*, &&@
cd]l/sfdf a;f]af; e"6fgL / wd{
k'g:yf{lktx?sf
wfld{s cf:yf
bz}+ @)&! df cfˆgf lktf–dftfsf xftsf l6sf yfKb} Go'of]s{sf
sfhL uf}td / >LdtL uf}td . tl:a/M sfhLsf] km];a's

6. ^
@)!$cS6f]a/,jif{%c+s^$
lSnjNofG8 (Cleveland)......................................................*^!
lSnjNofG8 xfO6; (Cleveland Heights)............................@%^
sf]nDa; (Columbus)......................................................!,&^^
So'ofxf]uf kmN; (Cuyahoga Falls)......................................!@%
8]6f]g (Dayton).....................................................................(^
o'lSn8 (Euclid).......................................................................@
lkmgL6fpg (Finneytown).........................................................%
s]G6 (Kent)........................................................................!)*
n]sp8 (Lakewood)...........................................................!$^
/sL l/e/ (Rocky River)......................................................!@
;fpy o'lSn8 (South Euclid)................................................@)
:6f] (Stow)..............................................................................#
l:6«6;a/f] (Streetsboro)..........................................................$
#)= cf]/]ug (Oregon)............................................................... *$)
cnf]xf (Aloha).........................................................................!
lae/6g (Beaverton).............................................................*!
lxN;a/f] (Hillsboro)................................................................@
kf]6{NofG8 (Portland)...........................................................&%^
#!= k]G;neflgof (Pennsylvania).......................................... *,^&)
Pn]g6fpg (Allentown)........................................................@@
An' an (Blue Ball).................................................................!
qm]ga]/L (Cranberry)...............................................................!&
Pk|m6f (Ephrata).......................................................................$
O/L (Erie)........................................................................@,%#%
Xofgf]e/ (Hanover).................................................................%
Xofl/;ju{ (Harrisburg)......................................................*(&
nfgsf:6/ (Lancaster)....................................................!,#)$
n]agg (Lebanon)....................................................................$
ln6;8]n (Leetsdale)...............................................................#
df;{ (Mars).............................................................................@
dfpG6 n]agg (Mount Lebanon)............................................^
Go' xNofG8 (New Holland)......................................................^
k]ga|'s (Penbrook)..................................................................^
lkmnf8]lNkmof (Philadelphia)............................................!,@&%
lk6;au{ (Pittsburgh)......................................................!,&(&
/f]l:ng (Roslyn).....................................................................^
:qmfG6g (Scranton)............................................................&&$
;ljSnL (Sewickley)................................................................^
#@= /f]8 cfONof08 (Rhode Island)...........................................@&^
k|f]le8]G; (Providence)........................................................@&^
##= ;fpy Sof/f]nfOgf (South Carolina).................................... %)
sf]nlDaof (Columbia)...........................................................%)
#$= ;fpy 8sf]6f (South Dakota)......................................... !,!(@
l;p kmN; (Sioux Falls)..................................................!,!(@
#%= 6]g];L (Tennessee)............................................................ !,^!)
PlG6cf]s (Antioch)...............................................................@%
d]lDkm; (Memphis)..............................................................!)@
Gofzlen (Nashville)........................................................!,$*#
#^= 6]S;f; (Texas) ............................................................ &,#&@
Palng (Abilene)...............................................................%&^
cd]l/sfn] jif{sf] a9Ldf %% xhf/ le;f hf/L
ub}{ lr67faf6 ljleGg b]zsf gful/s Nofpg]
u/]sf] 5 . tLg jif{df %) xhf/ dflg; cfpg]
b]zaf6 lr67f el/b}+g . lr67f el/Psf ;a} cfpg
kfpFb}gg . le;f ljt/0f ub}{ hfFbf %% xhf/ jf o;sf]
xf/fxf/L k'u]kl5 cd]l/sf Nofpg] sfd /f]lsG5 . of]
lr67fnfO{ …l8eLÚ (Diversity Visa; DV) lr67f cd]l/sf
cfpg] / afFsL hLjg oxfF Joltt ug{ rfxg]sf nflu
;aeGbf ;lhnf] tyf ;Ddflgt pkfo xf] .
l8eL kg]{ lalQs} cd]l/sf cfpg eg] kfOg]
xf]Og . lr67f k/]kl5sf k|lqmof 5g, …km:6{ n]6/Ú,
…;]s]G8 n]6/Ú, cGtjf{tf{, :jf:Yo–k/LIf0f cflb . t/
;]s]G8 n]6/kl5 cGtjf{tf{df hf“bf ug'{kg]{ tof/L, clg
cGtjf{tf{kl5 xftdf le;f gk¿Gh]n cd]l/sf cfpg]
Uof/]G6L kSs} x'Gg .
l8eL k/]/ cd]l/sf cfpg' eg]sf] p;n] oxf“ sfd
ug]{ / a:g] clwsf/ kfpg' xf] . of] clwsf/ kfpg]
JolSt / kl/jf/nfO{ …lu|gsf8{Ú k|bfg ul/g] xf] .
lu|gsf8{ kfPsf] JolSt oxf“sf] sfg'gL jfl;Gbf xf]
/ oxf“sf] gful/s x'g' xf]Og . gful/s x'g p;n]
lu|gsf8{ kfPsf] kf“r jif{ s'g'{k5{ .
o;/L el/Psf lr67fdf g]kfnLx? klg 5flgg] u/]sf
5g . oxfF ;g @))! otf 5flgPsf ;a} g]kfnLsf]
;+Vof oxfF k|:t't ul/Psf] 5M -of] cd]l/sf cfPsf
g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof xf]Og, lr67f kg]{sf] dfq xf] ._
l8eL -s'g jif{sf]_=================================== ;+Vof
@))! ==================================================== @$
@))@ ================================================== &@(
@))# ================================================ @#@)
@))$ ================================================ $@%(
@))% ================================================ @^(*
@))^ ================================================ !(#$
@))& ================================================ !%@(
@))* ================================================ @%^@
@))( =============================================== !*(!
@)!) =============================================== @!#@
@)!! =============================================== @!*(
@)!@ =============================================== #@%*
@)!# =============================================== $#&)
@)!$ =============================================== ^)*@
@)!% =============================================== $((!
lr67faf6 cd]l/sf cfpg]
l8eL kg]{ g]kfnLx?

7. &@)!$cS6f]a/,jif{%c+s^$
cfln{ª6g (Arlington)..............................................................#
cl:6g (Austin)..................................................................%!%
8fn; (Dallas).................................................................!,^&$
kmf]6{ jy{ (Fort Worth).....................................................!,%*(
kmf]y{ jy{ (Forth Worth)..........................................................!
Uofne]:6g (Galveston)..........................................................%
Uo|fG8 k|]o/L (Grand Prairie)....................................................%
xN6d l;6L (Haltom City)...................................................#&
Xo':6g (Houston)...........................................................@,!$^
Knfgf] (Plano)..........................................................................$
;fg PG6f]lgcf] (San Antonio)............................................&(&
j6f}uf (Watauga)...................................................................@)
#&= o'6f (Utah)..................................................................... !,#$&
d'/]{ (Murray).........................................................................@@
;N6 n]s l;6L (Salt Lake City).....................................!,#)(
;fpy ;fN6 n]s (South Salt Lake).......................................%
6]n;{len (Taylorsville)...........................................................$
j]:6 Eofln l;6L (West Valley City)......................................&
#*= ed{G6 (Vermont)............................................................ !,%)&
aln{ªu6g (Burlington)......................................................^&)
sf]Nr]:6/ (Colchester)......................................................#%#
Pl;S; hª;g (Essex Junction)..........................................*$
;fpy aln{ª6g (South Burlington)......................................^#
ljg'l:s (Winooski)............................................................##&
#(= elh{lgof (Virginia)........................................................ @,%(&
cn]ShflG8«of (Alexandria)....................................................!#
cfln{ªu6g (Arlington)...........................................................*
;fnf]{6len (Charlottesville)...............................................%)#
k|m]8]l/S;au{ (Fredericksburg)..............................................!&%
XofDK6g (Hampton)...........................................................@!%
x]lG/sf] (Henrico)................................................................@)&
Go'kf]6{ Go'h (Newport News)............................................!%$
/]:6g (Reston)......................................................................@#
l/rdG8 (Richmond)...........................................................^!@
/f]gf]s (Roanoke)...............................................................^!(
:6fkmf]8{ (Stafford)................................................................!)
p8la|h (Woodbridge)...........................................................%*
$)= jfl;+u6g (Washington)................................................. @,%(@
Pal8{g (Aberdeen)..................................................................%
Ao'/L (Burien)........................................................................(%
8] df]o (Des Moines)..............................................................%
Pe/]§ (Everett).....................................................................@&
s]G6 (Kent)........................................................................$@^
n];L (Lacey)..........................................................................&!
cf]nlDkof (Olympia).............................................................@*
l/rNofG8 (Richland)...............................................................^
l;6ofs (Seatac)..................................................................$%
l;of6n (Seattle)................................................................((#
:kf]s]g (Spokane)..............................................................%$@
ljZjdf af]lng] efiffx?sf] ;"rLdf g]kfnL efiff af]Ng]x?
sl/a ^) cf}+df k5f}{+ . vf;u/L rLgdf af]lng] dG8fl/g
(Mandarin) af]Ng] dflg; ;aeGbf a9L 5g . To;kl5
ljZjsf d'Vo efiffsf ;"rLdf :k]lgz, c+u|]hL, a+ufnL, lxGbL
efiffsf] ;"rLdf g]kfnL sl/a ^) cf}+
ljZje/ g]kfnL–efifL
b]zdf klg 5g .
ef/tsf ljleGg 7fpFdf g]kfnL
ef/tsf klg l;lSsd, bflh{lnª, cf;fd, d]3fno,
gfufNofG8, dl0fk'/, ldhf]/d, c?0ffrn k|b]z, sf]nsftf,
lbNnL, a+unf]/, ljzfvfk6gd, uf]cf, laxf/, r]GgO{ -db|f;_,
d'DaO{ -aDaO{_, x}b/fjfb, pQ/fv08df g]kfnL–efifLx?sf]
a;f]af; 5 .
sfddf g]kfnL
sfdsf nflu k/b]z hfg]x? stf/, ;fpbL c/a,
clk|msfsf] ;'8fgdf u}/–cfjfl;o g]kfnL dxf;+3 -Pgcf/
Pg_ sf] Ps e]nf . tl:a/M Pgcf/Pg, ;'8fg
s'j]t, o'gfO6]8 c/a Old/]6;df klg x'g'x'G5 . dn]lzofdf
klxn]b]lvsf k'/fgf afl;Gbf / sfdsf nflu hfg] x'g'x'G5 .
clk|msfsf w]/} d'n'sdf clxn] g]kfnL sfdsf nflu k'u]sf
5g . clk|msfsf k"jL{ e]usf b]zx?df dfq sl/a % xhf/
g]kfnL sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g . ef/t x'Fb} blIf0f clk|msf
k'u]sf g]kfnLn] ToxfF cfwf ztfAbLeGbf a9L ;do latfO–
;Sg'ePsf] 5 . o:t} bf];|f] ljZjo'4;Dddf o'4sf nflu uPsf
w]/} g]kfnL cGo b]zdf klg k'u]sf] cg'dfg ul/G5 .
cd]l/sL /fli6«o r/f
…afN8 OunÚnfO{ g]kfnL 6f]kL
-;f+s]lts_
cflb 5g .
sxfF sxfF g]kfnL <
cd]l/sfdf g]kfnL–efiff
af]Ng]x? sl/a # nfv
ePsf 5g . g]kfnL–efiff
af]Ng]x? g]kfnafx]s ef/t,
e"6fg, adf{ -DofGdf_, xªsª,
a]nfot cflb b]zdf 5g .
g]kfnL–efifLx? Sofg8f,
ci6«]lnof, lkmgNofG8,
gj]{, :jL8]g, Go'hLNofG8,
a]lNhod, hfkfg, rLg cflb

8. Gyan Jyoti Kendra, 49 Lane Road, Chichester, NH 03258, Email : aksharica.communication@gmail.com, URL : http://gyanjyotikendra.org/,
Editor : Rajesh Koirala, Co-ordinator : Tara Acharya, Managing Director : Sattan Acharya
*
@)!$cS6f]a/,jif{%c+s^$
la6 dfbf{dfb}{
Oi6ldq vf]Hbf
cd]l/sfdf g]kfnL–efifL
e"6fgLsf] k'g:yf{kgf ;ft
jif{tkm{ nfUbf xfdLn] Psk6s
k'g:yf{lktsf] ;+Vof
lgofNg] k|of; u¥of}+ . g]kfnLsf
z/0ffyL{ lzlj/x¿ kftln+b}
hfFbf k'g:yf{kgf 36bf] 5 .
;g @)!@÷)!# sf t'ngfdf
;g @)!#÷)!$ df & ;o sd
e"6fgL k'g:yf{lkt x'g'ePsf] 5 .
xfdLn] o; k6s s'g
/fHosf s'g :yfgdf ;/sf/n]
k'g:yf{lktsf] ;+Vof k|:t't
u/]sf 5f}+ . of] …xfd|f dfG5] sxfF
5g <Ú eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkmsf
nflu xf] .
hf] hxfF NofP/ k'g:yf{lkt
x'g'eof], pxfFx¿ ;a} ToxfF
x'g'x'Gg . t/ Tof] 7fpFdf
sf] cfPsf] lyof] / pxfF sxfF
;g'{eof] eGg] kQfnufpg
;lhnf] kSs} x'g] 5 . sof}+
a;fO;/fOsf syf xfdLn]
;'g]sf 5f}+ . xfdL oL tYof+snfO{
k'/fgf] kSs} eGg]5f}+ .
wGojfb
lzt o'4sf a]nf cd]l/sfsf] ;/f]sf/
à lzt o'4sf a]nf ;+o'St
cd]l/sfsf] d'Vo ;/f]sf/ s]
ljÈodf lyof] < (During the
Cold War, what was the main
concern of the United States?)
– ;fDojfb ÷ sDo'lgHd
(Communism)
• •
lzt o'4sf a]nf cd]l/sfsf]
;/f]sf/ ljZjsf ljleGg b]zdf
:yflkt x'Fb} uPsf] ;fDojfb
zf;g k|0ffnL /Xof] . o;}
zf;g k|0ffnLdf tTsflng
• certificate :
gfd– k|df0f–kq, k|z+;f–kq,
dfg÷;Ddfg–kq, cg'dlt–kq,
lg0f{o, kq .
lqmof– k|dfl0ft ug'{, k|df0f
lbg', k|df0f–kq pknAw u/fpg',
cg'dlt–kq lbg' .
• chain :
gfd– l;qmL, ;fªnf], hlGh/,
>[+vnf, åLk;d"x, kj{tdfnf,
36gfqmd, unkmGbL .
lqmof– l;qmL nufpg', l;lqmn]
hf]8g', xts8L nufpg' .
• chair :
gfd– d]r, s';L{, ;+j]z, u2L,
cf;g .
c+u|]hL zAb ;"rL 32
c+u|]hLdf af]nrfn ug{ sl/a # xhf/ zAb eP k'U5, tL zAbdWo]sf #@ cf}+ ;"rL -efu #@_
lqmof– cf;gdf /fVg', d]rdf
a;fNg', kbcg';f/ s';L{ /fVg' .
• chairman, chairwoman :
gfd– k'?if ePM ;efklt,
;efWoIf, cf;gklt, cf;gfwLz,
cWoIf . dlxnf ePM ;efWoIff,
cWoIff, ;efklt dxf]bof .
• challenge :
gfd– z]vL, hf]/L, x'Fsf/, xfFs,
r'gf}tL, ;d/fXjfg, nnsf/,
c:jLsf/, OGsf/ .
lqmof– hf]/L vf]Hg', r'gf}tL lbg',
xfFs lbg', z]vL vf]Hg', 6Ss/
lbg', nnsfg'{, bfaf ug'{, cfklQ
hgfpg', OGsf/ ug'{, c:jLsf/
ug'{, ;Totfsf] k|df0f dfUg' .
• chamber :
gfd– vf]kL, sIf, sf]7f, sf]i7,
sd/f, :yn, ;bg .
lqmof– sf]7fdf /fVg', ;bgdf
/fVg', Gofo sIfsf ?kdf
sfddf nufpg', sIfsf] Joj:yf
ldnfpg' .
• champion :
gfd– kxnjfg, pTs[i6, /Ifs,
ljh]tf, d08nL, axfb'/, bIf,
k|jL0f .
lqmof– ;dy{g ug'{, arfpg', kIf
lng', /Iff ug'{, lxdfot ug'{ .
ljz]if0f– pQd÷klxnf]÷dflyNnf]
bhf{sf], ;jf]{Qd .
qmdzM
6sf]df (Tacoma).....................................................................@
6]lggf] (Tenino).......................................................................*
6'sljnf (Tukwila)..............................................................#!)
6djf6/ (Tumwater)...............................................................*
j]:6kf]6{ (Westport)...............................................................@!
$!= lj:sfG;g (Wisconsin) ..................................................... #@&
lkmrju{ (Fitchburg).................................................................%
Dofl8;g (Madison)............................................................@*!
ldnjfsL (Milwaukee)...........................................................$!
;f]leot ;+3 -;f]leot
;dfhjfbL u0ftGq ;+3
÷o'=P;=P;=cf/; Soviet Union;
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics or USSR_ zlStzfnL
d'n's rn]sf] lyof] .
cd]l/sf / o;sf lgs6sf
/fi6«x? k|hftflGqs ;/sf/
/ k"FhLjfbL cy{tGqn] dfq
JolStsf] clwsf/ / :jtGqtf
;+/If0f u5{ eGg]df ljZjf;
uy]{ . cd]l/sf / o;sf
lgs6sf /fi6«x? ;f]leot
;+3aflx/sf b]zx?df ;fDojfb
lj:tf/ x'g]df lrlGtt lyP .
bf];|f] ljZjo'4 (World War
II) ePnuQ} lzt o'4 z'? eof]
/ $) jif{;Dd hf/L
/Xof] . of] o'4 ;g !(*( df
aln{gsf] kvf{n (Berlin Wall)
9n]kl5, ;g !(() df k"j{
/ klZrd hd{gL (East and
West Germany) k'gMPlss/0f
ePkl5 tyf ;g !((! df
;f]leot ;+3 ljeflht ePkl5
;dfKt eof] .
gful/s k/LIff (Civic Test) sf] k|Zg gDa/ *# / pQ/M
cd]l/sL ljb]z dGqfnosf] oL tYof+s
z/0ffyL{ ljZn]if0f s]Gb|n] s]nfPsf x'g .