H08 Principles of Power Systems Design

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ACTION: Identify the Principles of Power Systems Design
CONDITIONS: Given a classroom environment, regulatory guidance,
and applicable personal protective equipment,
STANDARD: Identify the necessary theory, procedures, and principles
required to design an electrical system.

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• Safety Requirements: None
• Risk Assessment Level: Low
• Environmental Considerations: None
• Evaluation: Students will be evaluated on this
block of instruction during the Electrical Systems
and Design Examination 2. Students must
receive a score of 80 percent or above to receive
a GO.

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UFC 3-501-01 Electrical Engineering
NFPA 70 Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace
(2015/2018)
NESC® National Electrical Safety Code. 2017
TM
UFC
9-6115-746-13-5 DPGDS Systems Manual
3-540-01 Engine-Driven Generator Systems for Prime and
Standby Power
UFC 3-550-01 Exterior Electrical Power Distribution

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• Determine the Power System Design Criteria
• Understand and Apply Voltage Drop to Design Process
• Understand and Identify Logistical Requirements of a
Proposed Design
S3D03-5
Lesson Objectives

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• Electrical Engineering UFC
• Compliance with this UFC is mandatory for the
design of electrical systems at all facilities and
bases.
• Facilities located outside of the United States must
also comply with the applicable host nation
standards; refer to UFC 3-510-01 for additional
information.
• Different voltages, frequencies, and grounding
conventions often apply in other host nations;
however, follow the design principles provided in this
UFC to the extent practical, as well as the
requirements provided in UFC 1-202-01, Host Nation
Facilities in Support of Military Operations.

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• Appendix A UFC 3-501-01 contains a list of
applicable references
• ANSI
• ASHRAE
• DOD
• IEEE
• NFPA
• UFC
• NETA ATS/MTS

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• Document design decisions throughout the design process.
• List any special features and alternatives that were considered.
• Critical Facts
• Critical Assumptions
• Kinda sounds like MDMP huh?
• Describe the design approach to all electrical systems.
• Include the method used for sizing conductors, conduit, protective
devices, and other equipment.
• Include the method used for sizing conductors, conduit, protective
devices, and other equipment.
• When tables from industry standards are used in the design,
indicate the title, source, and date of the document.
• Include a complete list of all design standards and references used
for the design.

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• What is the voltage requirements?
• What is the frequency requirements?
• Do I need single phase or three phase power?
• What is the power requirements of the load?
• What organic equipment do I have on hand?
• What size cables do I need?
• If I need nonorganic materials, what with they
cost?
• Based on all the above, will the proposed
design meet voltage drop requirements?

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3 − 𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑃ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑒
𝑉𝐷 =
1.73 ∗ 𝐾 ∗ 𝐼 ∗ 𝐿
𝐶 𝑀
𝑉𝐷 =
2 ∗ 𝐾 ∗ 𝐼 ∗ 𝐿
𝐶 𝑀
K= Constant 12.9 for copper; 21.2 for Aluminum
I= Current (A)
L= One-way length of conductor
Cm= Circular mills for conductor size (NFPA 70 Ch 9, Table 8)
𝑉𝐷 is represented as Volts (V) dropped.
𝑉𝐷/Initial Voltage= Voltage drop %
Initial Voltage- 𝑉𝐷=Resulting operating voltage

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𝐸𝑥𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒
𝑉𝐷 =
1.73 ∗ 𝐾 ∗ 𝐼 ∗ 𝐿
𝐶 𝑀
A three-phase 208 volt, 36 kVA load is located 80 feet from the
panelboard and it is wired with No. 1 aluminum conductors. What is the
voltage drop of the conductors to the equipment disconnect?
K= 21.2 for Aluminum
I= 100A (36,000VA/(208V*1.73)
L= 80 ft
Cm= 83,690 (NFPA 70 Ch 9, Table 8)
𝑉𝐷=3.5 Volts
𝑉𝐷/Initial Voltage= 3.5B/208V=1.7%
Initial Voltage- 𝑉𝐷=208V-3.5V=204.5V
𝑉𝐷 =
1.73 ∗ 21.2 ∗ 100𝐴 ∗ 80𝑓𝑡
83,690 𝐶𝑚

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Complete the voltage drop quiz located in the Design learning
module H08.

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• Fuel is a major planning factor for military electrical systems
designs.
• This is due to the fact that a most power production assets in
theatre are diesel driven power generation.
• The DPGS Systems manual uses a planning factor of 0.08 gal/kw-
hr
Example
• A 2-MW DPGDS plant running at 70% load for 7 days
• 2,000Kw*70%*24hr*7days*0.08gal/kw-hr=18,816 gallons
• 18,816 gallons of fuel * $3.00/gal=$56.5K
Try the same calcs with 55 gal/hr for an 840Kw Gen
THAT’S A LOT OF FUEL!!!!

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TM 9-6115-746-13-5
DPGDS Systems Man
TM 3-34.45 Prime Power
Operations

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TM 3-34.45 Engineer Prime Power Operations

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• Maintenance and service parts are a considerable planning factor
when developing and planning for an electrical design
• A typical service interval on a DPGS plant is every 250 hours of
operation (about every 10.4 days)
• Oil and filters
• Fuel filters
• Air filters
• Think about the volume of fluids for a
system that needs to be changed every
10.4 days of continuous operation.
• Site access for support services and
and topography should be taken into
Consideration

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You are assigned to the 6th BEB supporting the 25th ID, 4-25 ABCT. Your
unit is deployed in support of Operation Inherent Resolve. You are currently
staging out of an ISB south of Fallujah. The BEB S-3 has identified a
desired hardstand structure to occupy as a TOC. The BEB commander
directed the TOC be IOC NLT D+3 and FOC NLT D+5 IOT conduct
maneuver enhancement operations in the AO. You know from previous
missions that a similar TOC setup requires approximately 8kW of 120 VAC
@60hZ. However, the hardstand structure has no usable electrical
infrastructure. The BEB commander directed he wants some type of
conditioned air in the structure due to the climate of the region. Assume you
have all MTOE equipment for the 6th BEB at your disposal.
Solve the problem
• Provide a detailed design drawing
• Provide a list of all required equipment and materials
• If non-organic materials are required, provide a cost for procuring
those materials
• Provide a 30 day operational cost requirement for your design.
• Provide a timeline to implement your design to both IOC and FOC

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• Determine the Power System Design
Criteria
• Understand and Apply Voltage Drop to
Design Process
• Understand and Identify Logistical
Requirements of a Proposed Design