1. PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)
NUR AFNI
141100649

2. DEFENITION
An instructional student-
centered approach which uses
carefully constructed clinical
problems as a context for
students to: define their
learning needs, conduct self-
directed enquiry, integrate
theory and practice, and apply
knowledge and skills to
develop a solution to a
defined problem.

3. COMPONENTS OF PBL
Problem Identification
Hypothesis Generation
Generation of Learning Issues
Inquiry Strategy: Setting of Group and
Personal Objectives
Revisiting the Problem, Sharing of
Information

4. BASIC CHARACTERISTIC
1. Small Group
2. Problem-Based
3. Self-Directed

5. SMALL GROUP
Non-Threatening, Co-operative
Atmosphere
Tutor’s Role: Facilitative and
Supportive
Open Feed-Back to Each Other about
Performance

6. PROBLEM BASED
The use of realistic (e.g.
clinical) problems
Emphasis is not on solving the
problem
Hypothesis and issue
generation
Sharing of learning burdens

7. SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING
You learn what you need
Building of new knowledge on existing
knowledge
Learn to use different resources
Learn time-management skills
Take responsibility for one’s learning

8. ADVANTAGE OF PBL
Motivation to learn is self-
imposed
Building of new knowledge on
existing one (depth)
Integration and application of
knowledge (problem-solving)
Wider coverage of the topic
(big picture)
Development of other skills

9. DISADVENTAGE OF PBL
Lack of traditional structure and
progression
Perceived lack of depth in the
knowledge acquired
Too much time is spent in a tutorial
“talking”
It is hard to fail a student
You need more teachers

10. WHY WE USE PBL?
This is how we as adults learn
It is the most practical and efficient way of learning
We do this in our daily professional and personal lives
Learning is not static, but a dynamic process
Develop a life-long learning attitude
Develop group and interpersonal skills

11. Why Is PBL Not Widely Used?
It involves too much work!
It affects the funding of departments
Some teachers are resistant to change
Students are perceived as not mature enough to
handle this
Not enough coverage of basic sciences

12. ARE THE STUDENTS BETTER?
Students from PBL programs tend to take up
specialty and academic posts
Knowledge on the latest treatment guidelines
(e.g. hypertension) is better than graduates of
traditional programs
Learning is more fun for the students and
faculty