This document classifies and describes the different types of joints in the body. It discusses both the functional classification of joints as synarthrosis (immobile), amphiarthrosis (slightly mobile), or diarthrosis (freely mobile) as well as the structural classification as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial joints. Specific examples of each type of joint are provided, such as the elbow as a hinge joint, the atlantoaxial joint as a pivot joint, and the hip or shoulder as ball-and-socket joints.

1. Classification of ArticulationsBy Sadie Gordon & Bob

3. Classification of jointsFunctionallyFibrousDense Regular Connective TissueCartilaginousCartilageSynovialFluid Filled Joint CavityStructurallySynarthrosisImmobileAmphiarthrosisSlightly Movable JointDiarthrosisFreely Mobile Joint

4. Functional Classification SynarthrosisAn Immobile JointAmphiarthrosisSlightly Mobile JointDiarthrosisFreely Mobile Joint

5. Structural ClassificationFibrousDense irregular connective tissue that holds bone to bonesNo joint cavityCartilaginousPad of cartilage wedged between bonesNo Joint cavitySynovialEnds of bones are covered with cartilageJoint capsule is lined with synovial fluidAll synovial joints are freely moveable (diarthrotic)

7. Fibrous JointsGomphosisSutureSyndesmosis

8. GomphosisMembranes that holds tooth in the Jaw

9. Example tooth in the JawFunctionally classified as Synarthrosis (immobile)

10. SutureDense regular connective tissue that connects skull bones

11. Example: Lambdoid Suture

12. Functionally Classified as SynarthrosisSyndesmosisDense regular connective tissue fibers between bonesExamples: Syndesmosesare the articulations between the fibula and the fibula, and the radius and the ulnaFunctionally classified as Amphiarthroses(slightly moveable)

13. Types of Cartilaginous JointsSynchondrosisSymphysis

14. SynchondrosisHyaline cartilage plate between bones

15. Examples: Epiphyseal plates, and Costochondral joints

16. Functional Classified as SynarthrosisExamples of Synchondrosis Joints

17. SymphysisFibrocartilage pad between bones

18. Examples: Pubic symphysis, and intervertebral disc

19. Functional classified as Amphiarthrosis

20. SynovialUniaxialPlane jointHinge JointPivot jointBiaxialCondylar jointSaddle jointMultiaxialBall-and-socket joint

22. UniaxialPlane jointFlattened or slightly curved faces slide across on anotherExample: Intercarpal joints & Intertarsal jointsFunctionally Classified as DiarthrosisHinge JointPermits angular movements in a single planeExample: Elbow JointFunctionally Classified as DiarthrosisPivot jointPermits rotation onlyExample: Atlantoaxial jointFunctionally Classified as Diarthrosis

23. BiaxialCondylar jointOval articular surface on one bone closely interfaces with a depressed oval surface on another boneExamples: MP jointsFunctionally Classified as DiarthrosisSaddle jointSaddle-shaped articular surface on one bone closely interfaces with depressed surface on another boneExample: Articulation between carpal and first metacarpal boneFunctionally Classified as Diarthrosis

24. MultiaxialBall-and-socket jointRound head of one bone rests within cup-shaped depression in another boneExample: Glenohumeral joint, and hip jointFunctionally Classified as Diarthrosis

25. ConclusionStructural FibrousGomphosisSutureSyndesmosisCartilaginousSynchondrosisSymphysisSynovialUniaxialPlane JointHinge JointPivot JointBiaxialCondylar JointSaddle JointMulitiaxialBall-and-Socket JointFunctional SynarthrosisImmobileAmphiarthrosisSlightly MobileDiarthrosisFreely Mobile