Fossilization refers to errors that persist in adult language learners' speech even after years of exposure and practice. Examples include saying "I no understand" instead of using proper grammar. Whether fossilization has occurred depends on social identity factors and the need to communicate. Some debate exists around considering learners fossilized if they retain a foreign accent but are otherwise fluent, or if learners are unconcerned with sounding native. Progress should not be solely measured against native speaker norms.

1. Carlos Vásquez
Juanita Pulla
Roberto Villao
Christian Anamisi

2. Definition
 Some types of errors wich are still present in adult
speakers trying to communicate their ideas is known
as fossilization.
 'no' + V - I no understand good
 'don't' + V - don't know

3. Depends
on social
identity
and need
to
communi
cate

4. Examples
10 years ago Now
I no speak I no speak
German German

5. Should individuals be considered “fossilized” if…
 They retain a foreign accent despite being fluent in the
language?
 The students don’t want to “sound native”
 Should “progress” be measured against native-speaker
norms?
englishexchange.pbworks.com/.../Main+points+o.