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نحو مجتمع آمن
- 2. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٥
ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ
ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﱯﻧ ﻻ ﻦﻣ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻼﻡﺴﻭﺍﻟ ﹸﺓﻼﺼﻭﺍﻟ ،ﻩﺪﻭﺣ ﷲ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ
ﺑﺈﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﳍﻢ ﺎﺑﻌﲔﺘﻭﺍﻟ ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﺁﻟﻪ..
ﺑﻌﺪ ﺃﻣﺎ:
ﻭﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻱﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﻯ ﻓﻘﺪ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻬﻤﺎ-ﺑﻨـﺖ ﺯﻳﻨـﺐ ﻋﻦ
ﺟﺤﺶ-ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺿﻲ-ﱯﻨﺍﻟ ﱠﻥﺃﺎﻋﻓﺰ ﻧﻮﻣﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺎﻣﻳﻮ ﺍﺳﺘﻴﻘﻆ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻭﻫﻮ:»ﹲﻞﻭﻳﻟﻠﻌﺮﺏﺭﺩﻡ ﻣـﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺢﺘﹸﻓ ،ﺍﻗﺘﺮﺏ ﻗﺪ ﺮﺷ ﻣﻦ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻭﻣﺄﺟﻮﺝ ﻳﺄﺟﻮﺝ«.ﺗﻠﻴﻬـﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﱵ ﺎﻡﺍﻹ ﺑﺄﺻﺎﺑﻌﻪ ﱠﻖﻠﻭﺣ.
ﻗﺎﻟﺖﺟﺤﺶ ﺑﻨﺖ ﺯﻳﻨﺐ:ﻓﻘﻠﺖ:ﻭﻓﻴﻨـﺎ ﻠـﻚﺃ ،ﺍﷲ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﻳﺎ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﺎﳊﻮﻥ؟ﺼﺍﻟ:»ﺍﳋﺒﺚ ﻛﺜﺮ ﺇﺫﺍ ،ﻧﻌﻢ«.
ﺍﺳﺘﺤﻖ ﺮﻴﻐﻳ ﻭﱂ ﹰﺓﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺮﺍﳌﻨﻜ ﱠﻥﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹸﺚﺍﳊﺪﻳ ﱡﻝﻳﺪ
ﺍﻫـﺬﻩ ﺑﺈﻋﺪﺍﺩ ﺖﻗﻤ ﻭﳍﺬﺍ ،ﻊﺍﳉﻤﻴ ﻚﻠﻬﺗ ﺍﻟﱵ ﹶﺔﻣﺍﻟﻌﺎ ﹶﺔﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑ ﺘﻤﻊ
ﻭﻫـﺎﻣﺘﲔ ﺘﲔﻳﺣﻴﻮ ﺘﲔﻴﻗﻀ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﲡﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﺘﻬﺪﻑ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺳﺎﻟﺔﺮﺍﻟ
ﳘﺎ:ﺮﺍﻷﻣـ ﱠﻥﻷ ﺍﺮﻭﻧﻈ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ
ﻭﳛ ،ﺔﻴﺍﻷﳘ ﰲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ ﺮﺃﻣ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﻟﻴﺤﻘـﻖ ﺘـﺎﺝ
ﻘﻮﻡﻳ ﻦﻣ ﱢﻞﻛ ﰲ ﱠﺪﻛﺗﺘﺄ ﺔﺻﺧﺎ ﻭﲰﺎﺕ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺇﱃ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ ﹶﺔﺍﻟﻐﺎﻳ
ﻟﻸﻣﺮ ﻮﺍﺑﻂﻀﻭﺍﻟ ﺮﻭﻁﺸﺍﻟ ﰲ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﻭﺩﺭﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳛﺘﺎﺝ ﻛﻤﺎ ،ﺑﻪ
ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ.
ﺼﻮﺹﻨﺍﻟ ﻣﻦ ﺎﻌﲨ ﺍﺳﺘﻘﺮﺃﺕ ﲏﻧﺃ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﻪﺘﻓﻌﻠ ﻭﻣﺎ
ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﲟﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﱠﻖﻠﺗﺘﻌ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻋـﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ
- 3. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ٦
ﺍﻟـﱵ ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌـﺔ ﲏﺍﻷﻣ ﺭﻭﺪﺍﻟ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻼﺹ ﻭﺣﺎﻭﻟﺖ ،ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻭﲟﻮﺿﻮﻉ
ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻡﲟﻬﺎ ﻡﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎ ﺎﻴﺭﲰ ﱠﻰﻟﺗﺘﻮ.
ﺇﱃ ﹶﺚﺍﻟﺒﺤ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻭﻗﺪ:ﻭﺧﺎﲤﺔ ،ﻭﳏﻮﺭﻳﻦ ،ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ.
ﻭﺗﺴﺎﺅﻻﺗﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﹶﺔﱠﻄﺧ ﺖﻋﺮﺿ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻔﻲ.
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﻭﺍﶈﻮﺭ:ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﻪﺘﺼﺼﺧﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺮﻭﻁﺸﻭﺍﻟ ﻮﺍﺑﻂﻀﻭﺍﻟ ﺔﻴﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣ ﺮﻳﻌﺔﺸﺍﻟ ﰲ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﱟﻞﻛ ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺔ
ﻋـﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﻟﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺖﻋﺮﺿ ﰒ ،ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﱠﻖﻠﺗﺘﻌ
ﺄﻥﺸﺍﻟ ﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ ﳎﻠﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺪﺭ ﻣﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ًﺀﺑﻨﺎ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ؛.
ﱠﺎﱐﺜﺍﻟ ﺭﺍﶈﻮ ﺎﻣﺃ:ﺑﻴ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻬﺪﻓﺖﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌـﺔ ﲏﺍﻷﻣـ ﻭﺭﺪﺍﻟـ ﹶﻥﺎ
ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ ﻳﺪﺭﻙ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻻ ﻭﺭﺪﺍﻟ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻻ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺃﺷﺮﺕ
ﻣﻦ ﲏﺍﻷﻣ ﻭﺭﺪﺍﻟ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﰲ ﺑﺈﳚﺎﺯ ﺖﻋﺮﺿ ﱠﰒ ،ﻝﻭﺍﻷ ﺍﶈﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺮﺽﻋ ﻣﺎ
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺭﺩﻭ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻳﱪﺯ ﺔﻣﻫﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ ﲬﺴﺔ
ﺎﺸﺍﻟ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﰲﻋﻠﻰ ﹶﺔﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑ ﹸﺚﺍﻟﺒﺤ ﻦﻤﺗﻀ ﻛﻤﺎ ،ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻣﻞ
ﺎﻟﻴﺔﺘﺍﻟ ﺴﺎﺅﻻﺕﺘﺍﻟ:
١-ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ؟ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ ﻣﺎ
٢-ﺍﻷﻣﺮ؟ ﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻡ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻱﺃ ﺇﱃ
٣-ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻬﻤﺎ؟ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻣﺎ
٤-ﺍﻷﻣﻦ؟ ﺔﻴﺑﻘﻀ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻣﺎ
٥-ﻖﱢﻘﲢ ﻛﻴﻒ؟ﻲﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﰲ ﻫﺎﺭﺩﻭ ﹸﺔﺍﳍﻴﺌ
٦-ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ﻫﻴﺌـﺔ ـﺎ ﺗﻀﻄﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺔﻴﲰﺮﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ ﻡﺍﳌﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ
- 4. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٧
ﻭﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ؟ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻜﻞ ﻋﻼﻗﺘﻬﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﺍﻟﻌـﺮﺽ ﰲ ﱢـﻖﻓﻭ ﻗﺪ ﹸﺚﺍﻟﺒﺤ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺃﺳﺄﻝ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﹰﺔﺧﺎﻟﺼ ﹶﻨﺎﻟﺃﻋﻤﺎ ﳚﻌﻞ ﻭﺃﻥ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻟﻮﺟﻬﻪ.
ﻛﺘﺒﻪ
ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ
ﻓﺎﻛﺲ:٠١٤٧٩٢٦٦٩
ﺟﻮﺍﻝ:٠٥٣٢١٠٣٧٢
ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﱐ ﺑﺮﻳﺪ
alsaqir@yahoo.com
* * *
- 5. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ٨
ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﷲ ﺑﺴﻢ
ﲏﺍﻷﻣ ﺭﻭﺪﺍﻟ
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳍﻴﺌﺔ
- 6. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٩
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺍﶈﻮﺭ:ﻭﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ
)ﺃ(ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ:
١-ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ:
ﺍﻷﻣﻦ:َﺀﻭﺍﻧﺘﻔﺎ ﻲﻔﺴﻨﺍﻟ ﻭﺍﻻﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ ﻼﻡﺴﺍﻟ ﻭﻳﻌﲏ ،ﺍﳋﻮﻑ ﺪﺿ
ﻣﺼﺎﱀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳊﻴﺎﺓ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳋﻮﻑ
ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﻭﺃﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻦﺃﻣ ﻭﻳﺸﻤﻞ ،ﻭﺃﺳﺒﺎﺏ)١(
.
٢-ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ:
ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﰲ ﻑﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭ:ﺗﻘﻮﻝ:ﺮﻋﺎﻧﺮﻓﺎﻋﻭ ﹰﺔﻣﻌﺮﻓ ﹸﻪﻓﻳﻌﺮ ﻑ:ﻤﻪﻠﻋ)٢(
،
ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ:ﹶﺔﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓـ ﻦﻤﺗﺘﻀـ ﺍﳌﻌـﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﻛﻠﻤـﺔ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﺪﺿ
ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﺤﺴﺎﻥ.
ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ:ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻬﺠﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺎﺭ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻦﻤﺗﺘﻀ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ.
ﺍﻻﺻﻄﻼﺡ ﻭﰲ:ﺃﺫﻛـﺮ ،ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ،ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﺎﺕ ﺓﺪﺑﻌ ﻑﺮﻋ
ﻗﺎﻝ ،ﺍﻷﺛﲑ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ:ﻟﻜ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﺍﺳﻢ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﰲ ﹺﻑﺮﻋ ﻣﺎ ﻞ
ﺍﷲ ﻃﺎﻋﺔ-ﺗﻌﺎﱃ-ﻣـﺎ ﹼﻞﻭﻛ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﱃ ﻭﺍﻹﺣﺴﺎﻥ ،ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺏﺮﹶﻘﺘﻭﺍﻟ
ﻭﺍﳌﻘﺒﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻰﻭ ﺮﻉﺸﺍﻟ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﻧﺪﺏ)٣(
.
(١)ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺎﺡ:»ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻭﺻﺤﺎﺡ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺗﺎﺝ«ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ،ﺍﳉﻮﻫﺮﻱ ﻹﲰﺎﻋﻴﻞ:ﻋﺒﺪ ﺃﲪﺪ
ﻋﻄﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻐﻔﻮﺭ)٥/٢٠٧١(ﻭﻳﻨﻈﺮ ،:»ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣﻦﺍﻹ ﰲ ﻭﺃﳘﻴﺘﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺣﻴﺎﺓﺳﻼﻡ«،
ﺍﻟﺸ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﻃﺒﻌﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﳌﻌﺎﱄﺆﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﻭﻥ١٤١٧،ﻫـ
ﺹ)١٧.(
(٢)»ﺍﶈﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮﺱ«)٣/٢١٦.(
(٣)»ﻭﺍﻷﺛﺮ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ«)٢١٦(.
- 7. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ١٠
ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ:ﻭﻛﺮﻫـﻪ ﻣﻪﺮﻭﺣ ﻉﺮﺸﺍﻟ ﺤﻪﺒﻗ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻛﻞ ،ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺪﺿ
ﻣﻨﻜﺮ ﻓﻬﻮ)١(
.
)ﺏ(ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻋـﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺃﳘﻴﺔ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ:
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﻧﺼﻮﺹ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺮﺍﺽ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻭﻣﻦ ،ﺎﺑﻘﺔﺴﺍﻟ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ
ﻣـﻦ ،ﹰﺓﻋﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺭﺃﻣﻮ ﻧﻠﺤﻆ ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﺍ ﻭﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﺮﺓﻬﺍﳌﻄ ﺔﻨﺴﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ
ﺃﺑﺮﺯﻫﺎ:
)١(ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﱢﺮﺛﻳﺆ ﻪﻧﻓﺈ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ؛ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺉﻭﻃﺎﺭ ﺩﻭﺍﺭ ﺮﺃﻣ ﻑﺍﳋﻮ ﱠﻥﺃ
ﱢﻦﻜﻤﺗ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺑﻨﻌﻤﺔ ﻭﻳﺬﻫﺐ ،ﺎﻴﻭﻧﻔﺴ ﺎﻳﻣﺎﺩﻌﻲﺴﺍﻟ ﻣﻦ ﹶﻥﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎ
ﰲ ﺑـﺎﳋﻮﻑ ﻌﻮﺭﺸﻟﻠ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻭﺍﻃﻤﺌﻨﺎﻥ ﻫﺪﻭﺀ ﰲ ﻑﺮﺼﺘﻭﺍﻟ
ﺍﳋﻮﻑ؛ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﹶﻝﺣﺎ ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺮﻉﺸﺍﻟ ﰲ ﻢﺣﻜ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺿﻊ ﺑﻌﺾ
ﱢﺮﺛﻳﺆ ﻭﻗﺪ ،ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﺻﻼﺓ ﻋﻦ ﱡﻒﻠﺨﺘﻟﻠ ﺍﳌﺒﻴﺤﺔ ﺍﻷﻋﺬﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﳋﻮﻑ
ﺍﳋ ﺻﻼﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﻫﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺻﻔﺘﻬﺎ ﻼﺓﺼﺍﻟ ﺔﻴﻛﻴﻔ ﰲﱠﺎﺑﺘـﺔﺜﺍﻟ ﻮﻑ
ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺭﺿﻮﺍﻥ ﺤﺎﺑﺔﺼﺍﻟ ﻭﺇﲨﺎﻉ ﺔﻨﺴﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ.
ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺃﻣﻦ ﹶﺔﻴﺃﳘ ﱢﺪﻛﻳﺆ ﻣﺎ ﺔﻳﺍﻟﻨﺒﻮ ﺔﻨﺴﺍﻟ ﻭﰲ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ؛ ﻳﻌﻴﺶ:»ﰲ ﻣﻌـﺎﰱ ،ﻪﹺﺑﺮﺳ ﰲ ﺁﻣﻨﺎ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﻦﻣ
ﺍﻟﺪﻧﻴﺎ ﻟﻪ ﺕﺰﻴﺣ ﻓﻜﺄﳕﺎ ،ﻳﻮﻣﻪ ﻗﻮﺕ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ ،ﺟﺴﺪﻩ«)٢(
.
ﻦﻓﺎﻷﻣﻦﻭﺍﻷﻣ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﹶـﻪﻔﺗﻌﺮﻳ ﻖﺎﺑﺴﺍﻟ ﹸﺚﺍﳊﺪﻳ ﺃﻭﺟﺰ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﹸﻞﺎﻣﺸﺍﻟ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻫﻮ ،ﺯﻕﺮﺍﻟ ﻋﻠﻰ
(١)»ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﳌﺮﺟﻊ«)١١٥.(
(٢)ﰲ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ»ﺍﳌﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ«ﺹ ،ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ ﻨﻪﺴﻭﺣ ،)١٠.(
- 8. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ١١
ﻧﻴﺎﺪﺍﻟ ﻣﻠﻚ ﲟﺜﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻟﺪﻯ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻖﱡﻘﲢ ﻭﺟﻌﻞ ،ﺑﻪ ﹶﺔﻭﺍﻹﺣﺎﻃ
ﱠـﻟﺇ ﺑﻪ ﻉﺍﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﻻ ﺩﻧﻴﺎﻩ ﰲ ﹸﻥﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎ ﳝﻠﻜﻪ ﻣﺎ ﱡﻞﻓﻜ ﺮﻫﺎ؛ﺳﹶﺄﺑﺎ
ﻭﺭﺯﻗﻪ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺎﻨﺁﻣ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﺍ.
ﹸﻝﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻭﻗﺪﰲ ﹶﻥﻭﺍﻻﻃﻤﺌﻨـﺎ ﻦﺍﻷﻣـ ﻳﺒﻌﺚ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺇﱃ
ﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺐﻋﺮﻭﺍﻟ ﻑﺍﳋﻮ ﹼﺚﻳﺒ ﻓﻌﻞ ﱢﻞﻛ ﻋﻦ ﻰﻭ ،ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻧﻔﻮﺱ
ﱠﻥﺃ ﺑﺎﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﺃﻫﻮﻧﻪ؛ ﺍﳋﻮﻑ ﱠﻞﺃﻗ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﻮ ﺣﱴ ،ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔﹲﺔﻧﻌﻤ ﻦﺍﻷﻣ
ّﹺﻨﺍﻟ ﱢﻞﺟﹶﺃ ﻣﻦﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻢﻌ.
ﻭﳑﺎﺃﻥ ﻋـﻦ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻭﺳﻼﻣﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻮﺍﺕ ﺳﻮﻝﺮﺍﻟ ﻲ ﰲ ﺟﺎﺀ
ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺃﺧﺎﻩ ﻢﺍﳌﺴﻠ ﻉﻭﻳﺮ:»ﻉﻭﻳـﺮ ﺃﻥ ﳌﺴـﻠﻢ ﱡﻞﺤﻳ ﻻ
ﺎﻤﻣﺴﻠ«)١(
ﻛـﺎﻥ ﻭﻟﻮ ﻰﺘﺣ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ؛ ﺡﻼﺴﺍﻟ ﹺﺮﻬﺸﻳ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻰ ﻛﻤﺎ ،
ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ،ﺎﺣﺰﺍﻣ ﺫﻟﻚ:»ﻻ ﻓﺈﻧـﻪ ،ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻼﺡ ﺃﺧﻴﻪ ﺇﱃ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﻳﺸﲑ ﻻ
ﺍﻟ ﱢﻞﻟﻌ ﺃﺣﺪﻛﻢ ﻳﺪﺭﻱﻣـﻦ ﺣﻔـﺮﺓ ﰲ ﻓﻴﻘﻊ ﻳﺪﻩ ﰲ ﻳﻨﺰﻉ ﺸﻴﻄﺎﻥ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ«)٢(
.
ﺑﻘﺼـﺪ ﻳﻜـﻦ ﱂ ﻭﻟـﻮ ،ﻷﺧﻴﻪ ﹰﻻﻣﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﳜﻔﻲ ﺃﻥ ﻰﻭ
ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻳﻔﺰﻋﻪ ﺃﻥ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺃﺭﺍﺩ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ،ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﻼﺀ:»ﱠﻥﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﻻ
ﺪﺃﺣﻉﻣﺘﺎ ﻛﻢﺍﺩﺟﺎ ﻭﻻ ﺎﺒﻻﻋ ﺃﺧﻴﻪ«)٣(
.
ﱯﻨﺍﻟ ﺩﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﻭﻛﺎﻥﻛـ ﺣﻴـﺚ ﺭﻭﻋﺎﺗﻪ؛ ﻦﻣﺆﻳ ﺃﻥ ﻪﺑﺭﺎﻥ
(١)ﺍﻹﻣ ﺭﻭﺍﻩﺃﲪﺪ ﺎﻡ.
(٢)ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﺘﻔﻖ.
(٣)ﺃﲪﺪ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ.
- 9. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ١٢
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:»ﺭﻭﻋﺎﰐ ﻭﺁﻣﻦ ﻋﻮﺭﺍﰐ ﺍﺳﺘﺮ ﺍﻟﻠﻬﻢ«)١(
.
ﺩﻧﻴـﺎﻩ ﰲ ﻢﺍﳌﺴـﻠ ﻳﻄﻠﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺾﻧﻘﻴ ﻉﻭﺮﻭﺍﻟ ﻑﻓﺎﳋﻮ
ﻓـﻼ ﺍﻟﻘﺘﺎﻝ؛ ﻭﻗﺖ ﰲ ﺣﱴ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﻡﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎ ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ ،ﻭﺁﺧﺮﺗﻪ
ﻭﻛﺒـﺎﺭ ـﺒﻴﺎﻥﺼﻭﺍﻟ ﺴﺎﺀﻨﻛﺎﻟ ﳛﺎﺭﺏ؛ ﻻ ﻦﻣ ﻗﺘﺎﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺇﺭﻫﺎﺏ ﻳﺼﻠﺢ
ﺍﻟ ﰲ ﳍﻢ ﹶﻞﻣﺪﺧ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻦﺴﺍﻟﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺪﺿ ﻘﺘﺎﻝ.
)٢(ﰲ ﻭﻓﺮﻭﻋﻬﺎ ﺮﻳﻌﺔﺸﺍﻟ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﹸﻝﴰﻮ
ﻛﺎﻧـﺖ ًﺀﺳﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ؛ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ
ﻓﻴﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﲑﺧ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻤﺎ ﹰ؛ﺔﻣﻨﺪﻭﺑ ﺃﻭ ﹰﺔﻣﻜﺮﻭﻫ ،ﹰﺔﻣﺮﳏ ﺃﻭ ﹰﺔﻭﺍﺟﺒ
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﺑﺎﺏ ﻓﻔﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻏﲑ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻣﺎ ،ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺎﺏ ﰲ.
ﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﻝﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺑﻦ-ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ:»ﻢﻳﻌ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻓﺎﺳﻢﱠﻞﻛﻣـﺎ
ُﷲﺍ ﻛﺮﻫﻪﻋﻨﻪ ﻰﻭ؛ﻢﻭﺍﺳ ،ﺍﳌﺒﻐﺾ ﻭﻫﻮﻢﻳﻌ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﱠﻞﻛﺒﳛ ﻣﺎﻪ
ُﷲﺍﺑﻪ ﻭﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﻭﻳﺮﺿﺎﻩ؛ﱢﺬﺑﺎﻟ ﹺﺩﺍﺮﺃﻓ ﻓﺤﻴﺚﻧﻓﺈ ﻛﺮﱠﻞﻛ ﺎﻥﻤﻳﻌ ﻬﻤﺎﳏﺒﻮﺏ
ﺪﺍﻟ ﰲﻭﻣﻜﺮﻭﻩ ﻳﻦ«)٢(
.
ﺍﻷ ﱠﻥﺃ ﻦﻳﻈ ﻦﻣ ﳜﻄﺊ ﺃﻧﻪ ﻧﻔﻬﻢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻣﻦﻋﻦ ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺮﻣ
ﻫﻨـﺎ ﻭﻣﻦ ،ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﻭﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﻠﻮﻙﺴﺍﻟ ﺑﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﻌﲎ ﹲﺔﻤﻣﻬ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ
ﻭﺗﺬﻛﲑﻫﻢ ﺎﺱﻨﺍﻟ ﺑﻮﻋﻆ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﰲ ﻳﻜﺘﻔﻰ
ﺔﻤﺍﳌﻬ ﺬﻩ ﻗﺎﻡ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﻓﻴﺤﺴﺐ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﻼﻕ ﺑﺘﻠﻚ.ﺑﻼ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ
ﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻓﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺭﻭﻗﺼﻮ ﹲﺄﺧﻄ ﻚﺷﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲ.
)٣(ﻩﺪﻋـ ﻓﻤﺎ ،ﻉﺮﺸﺍﻟ ﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﹶﻞﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴ ﱠﻥﺃ
(١)ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ﺍﳊﺎﻛﻢ ﻭﺭﻭﺍﻩ ،ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺍﳌﺼﺪﺭ.
(٢)»ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺎﻭﻯ«)١٥/٣٤٨.(
- 10. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ١٣
ﻩﺪﻋ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ؛ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﺮﻣﻨﻜ ﻩﺪﻋ ﻭﻣﺎ ،ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﻬﻮ ﹰﺎﻓﻣﻌﺮﻭ ﻉﺮﺸﺍﻟ
ﻋﻦ ﲟﻌﺰﻝ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻟﻠﻌﻘﻞ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ،ﺎﺱﻨﺍﻟ ﺭﻮﺗﺼ ﺧﺎﻟﻒ ﺃﻡ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺱﺍﻟﻨﺎ
ﺍ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻫﻮ ﻛﻤﺎ ،ﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺩﺪﺤﻳ ﺃﻥ ﺮﻉﺸﺍﻟﺍﻟﱵ ﱠﻮﺍﺋﻒﻄﻟ
ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺭﻫﺎﻮﺼﺗ ﺍﳓﺮﻑ..ﳜـﺎﻟﻒ ﻻ ﺢﺤﻴﺼﺍﻟ ﻢﻠﻴﺴﺍﻟ ﻓﺎﻟﻌﻘﻞ
ﺮﻉﺸﺍﻟ.
)٤(ﻖﺗﻄﺒﻴـ ﺍﳌﺴـﻠﻢ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﰲ ﻦﺍﻷﻣ ﻖﱠﻘﳛ ﻣﺎ ﻢﻭﺃﻫ ﹶﻝﻭﺃ ﱠﻥﺇ
ﺑـﻞ ﺣـﺎﻝ؛ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﺮﺃﻣ ﻳﺴﺘﻘﺮ ﻻ ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻧﻪ ،ﺔﻴﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣ ﺮﻳﻌﺔﺸﺍﻟ
ﺍ ﺑﲔ ﹸﻝﻭﺍﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎ ﺩﺩﺮﺘﺍﻟ ﻩﺩﻳﺴﻮﱡـﺮﻭﻑﻈﺍﻟ ﲝﺴـﺐ ﺔﻴﺍﻟﻮﺿﻌ ﳌﺬﺍﻫﺐ
ﻢﻣﻬ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺮﺃﻣ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﰲ ﺮﻳﻌﺔﺸﺍﻟ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻭﻳﺄﰐ ،ﻭﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ
،ﹶﺮﻜﺍﳌﻨ ﻋﻦ ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺮﺍﻷﻣ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺩﺋﻪ؛ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﻦ
ﰲ ﺍﻷﻣـﻦ ﲝﻔﻆ ﹲﺔﻭﺛﻴﻘ ﹲﺔﻋﻼﻗ ﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﻌﺗ ﻢﻓﺎﳉﺮﺍﺋ ﺘﻤﻊ؛ﺍﺕﺮﺃﺿ ﺃﻡ ﺑﺎﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺕﺮﺃﺿ ًﺀﺳﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ؛ ﻣﻦ ﺪ
ﲢﻘﻴـﻖ ﰲ ﻳﺴﻬﻢ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻤﺎﺩﻱﺘﺍﻟ ﺃﻭ ﺎﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ ،ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﺑﺄﻣﻦ
ﱠﺎﻟﺇ ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﺍ ﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤﻊ ﰲ ﺍﳉﺮﳝﺔ ﻓﺸﺖ ﻭﻣﺎ ،ﺘﻤﻊﻭﺍ ﻟﻠﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ
ﺣـﱴ ﻣﺮﺗﻜﺒﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﺗﺮﻙ ،ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻬﻲﻨﺍﻟ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﻬﺎﻭﻥﺘﺍﻟ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ
،ﺷﻮﻛﺘﻬﻢ ﺗﻘﻮﻯﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻫﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﹸﺔﺒﹶﻠﻐﺍﻟ ﳍﻢ ﻭﺗﺼﺒﺢ.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﺔ ﻏﲑ ﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﺍ ﻣﻦ ﲑﻛﺜ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻳﺸﻜﻮ ﹲﺓﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻭﻫﻲ
ﱠـﺎﻟﺃ ﻳﻀﻤﻦ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﺇﺻﻼﺡ ﰲ ﱢﱐﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁ ﺍﻷﺻﻞ ﺬﺍ ﻭﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ
ﺩﺣـﺪﻭ ﻖﺒﹶﻄﺗ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﹰﺔﻭﻗﺎﻳ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﺃ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺪﻌﻳﻭ ،ﻳﺴﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻰﻐﹾﻄﻳ
ﻳﺮﺗﻜﺒﻮ ﻦﻣ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﻢ ﻥ.
ﻘﻮﱘ؛ﺘﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻹﺻﻼﺡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﹶﻝﺃﻭ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﰲ ﹸﺔﻓﺎﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑ
- 11. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ١٤
ﺑـﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ،ﻳﻦﺪﺍﻟ ﺷﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﻔﻮﺱﻨﺍﻟ ﹸﺔﺗﺰﻛﻴ ﻳﺴﺒﻘﻬﺎ ﺑﻞ
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ.
)٥(ﻱﺩﻳﺆ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺕﻜﻮﺴﺍﻟ ﱠﻥﺇ
ﺘﻤﺍ ﰲ ﻭﺗﻨﺎﺑﺬﻫﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺗﺪﺍﺑﺮ ﺇﱃﻣـﻦ ﺃﻓـﺮﺍﺩﻩ ﺑﲔ ﻣﺎ ﻭﻳﻘﻄﻊ ،ﻊ
،ﻕﺮﹶـﻔﻣ ﹶﰒﺍﻹ ﱠﻥﻷ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﻳﻦ؛ﺪﻭﺍﻟ ﻭﺍﳉﻨﺴﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺑﺔ ﺣﻢﺮﺍﻟ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ
ﰲ ﺫﻳﻠـﺔﺮﺍﻟ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺩﺓ ﺇﻻ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻗﺖﺮﺗﻔ ﻭﻣﺎ ،ﺪﺣﻮﻣ ﻊﺟﺎﻣ ﲑﻭﺍﳋ
ﻗﺎﻝ ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ،ﻟﺮﺑﻮﻋﻬﺎ ﱡﻠﻢﻈﺍﻟ ﻭﻋﻤﻮﻡ ،ﲨﻮﻋﻬﺎ-ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻼﺓ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ:
»ﹶﻟﺘﹾﺄﻣﱠﻥﺮﻭﻟﺘ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﱠﻥﻨﻬﻮﱠﻥﻭﻟﺘﺄﺧﺬ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ،ﺍﻟﻈﺎﱂ ﻳﺪﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﻧﻭﻟﺘﺄﻃﺮﻖﺍﳊ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻪﹶﺃﹾﻃﺍﺮ)١(
ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺑﻌﻀﻜﻢ ﺑﻘﻠﻮﺏ ُﷲﺍ ﻦﻟﻴﻀﺮﺑ ﺃﻭ ،
ﺑﻌﺾ«)٢(
ﱠﰎ ﻓـﺈﺫﺍ ﻳﻌﺘـﺪﻱ؛ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻـﻲ ﻳﺮﺗﻜﺐ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﱠﻥﻷ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ؛
ﻣـﻦ ﻭﺻﺎﺭﺕ ،ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﹸﻞﺣﺒ ﻭﺍﺿﻄﺮﺏ ،ﺔﻣﺍﻷ ﻗﺖﺮﺗﻔ ُﺀﺍﻻﻋﺘﺪﺍ
ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﻻ ،ﺗﺮﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻏﲑﲡﻤﻌﻬﺎ.
)٦(ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﹶﺙﺪﲢ ﻟﻘﺪ-ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻬﻢ-ﻣـﻦ ﺍﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ
ﻫـﺬﺍ ﹶﺔﻴﺃﳘ ﺤﲔﺿﻣﻮ ﻭﺃﺳﻬﺒﻮﺍ؛ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﻲﻋﻠﻤ ﻭﻛﻼﻡ ﱢﱄﻟﻠﻐﺰﺍ ﻧﻔﻴﺲ ﻛﻼﻡ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺄﻗﺘﺼﺮ ﻭﻫﻨﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﺍﳌﺒﺪﺃ
ﻲﻨﻘﻴﻄﺸﺍﻟ ﻴﺦﺸﻟﻠ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ-ﹰﺔﻛﻔﺎﻳـ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﱠﻞﻭﻟﻌ ،ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻬﻤﺎ
ﺍﳋﲑ ﺮﻳﺪﻣﻭ ﻖﺍﳊ ﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ.
ﱡﱄﺍﻟﻐﺰﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ:»ﱠﻥﻓﺈﺮﺍﻷﻣﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﻲﻬـﻋـﻦ
(١)ﺃﻱ:ﹰﻼﲪ ﲢﻤﻠﻮﻧﻪ.
(٢)ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﻲ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ»ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ«ﺹ)١٥٣(ﺩﺍﺭ ،
ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ١٤١٧ﻫـ.
- 12. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ١٥
ﺪﺍﻟ ﰲ ﺍﻷﻋﻈﻢ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺐ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮﻟـﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﳌﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ،ﻳﻦ
ﻨﺍﻟﻴﺒـﻤﻋﻠ ﻭﺃﳘﻞ ﺑﺴﺎﻃﻪ ﻃﻮﻱ ﻟﻮ ،ﺃﲨﻌﲔ ﲔﱠﻄﻟﺘﻌ ﻪﻨﺍﻟ ﻠـﺖـﺒﻮﹸﺓ
ﱠﻠﻭﺍﺿﻤﺤﺪﺍﻟ ﺖ،ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ ﺖﻤﻭﻋ ،ﻳﺎﻧﺔـﻀﺍﻟ ﻭﻓﺸﺖﻭﺷـﺎﻋﺖ ،ﻼﻟﺔ
ﺗﻭﺍ ،ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺸﺮﻯ ،ﺍﳉﻬﺎﻟﺔﻭﻫﻠﻚ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻭﺧﺮﺑﺖ ،ﺍﳋﺮﻕ ﺴﻊ
ﺘﺍﻟ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺇﻻ ﺑﺎﳍﻼﻙ ﻳﺸﻌﺮﻭﺍ ﻭﱂ ،ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩﺃﻥ ﺧﻔﻨـﺎ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﻗﺪ ،ﻨﺎﺩ
ﻳﻜﻮﻥ؛ﻧﻓﺈﺎﻧﻭﺇ ﷲﺭﺍﺟﻌﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺎ؛ﺍﻟﻘﻄـﺐ ﻫـﺬﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻧﺪﺭﺱ ﻗﺪ ﺇﺫ
ﹸﻠﻋﻤﻤﻭﻋﻠ ﻪ،ﻪﻪﲰﻭﺭ ﻪﺘﺣﻘﻴﻘ ﺔﻴﱢﻠﺑﺎﻟﻜ ﻭﺍﳕﺤﻖﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﻮﻟﺖ ،
ﰲ ﺱـﺎﻨﺍﻟ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺮﺳـﻞ ،ﺍﳋﺎﻟﻖ ﹸﺔﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻭﺍﳕﺤﺖ ،ﺍﳋﻠﻖ ﹸﺔﻨﻫﻣﺪﺍ
ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺴﺎﻁ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺰﻭﻋ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻬﺎﺋﻢ ﹶﻝﺍﺳﺘﺮﺳﺎ ﻬﻮﺍﺕﺸﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﳍﻮﻯ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ
ﻫـﺬﻩ ﺗﻼﰲ ﰲ ﺳﻌﻰ ﻓﻤﻦ ﻻﺋﻢ؛ ﹸﺔﻟﻮﻣ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﺗﺄﺧﺬﻩ ﻻ ﻕﺻﺎﺩ ﻦﻣﺆﻣ
،ﺑﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ ﹰﻼﱢﻔﻣﺘﻜ ﺇﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺜﻠﻤﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺪﺳﻭ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ،ﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴـﺬﻫﺎ ﺍﺪﱢـﻠﻣﺘﻘ ﺃﻭ
ﺍﺪﻣﺴﺘﺒ ،ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﺮﻤﻣﺘﺸ ،ﺑﺄﻋﺒﺎﺋﻬﺎ ﺎﻀﻧﺎﻫ ﺍﺋﺮﺓﺪﺍﻟ ﺔﻨﺴﺍﻟ ﳍﺬﻩ ﺍﺩﺪﳎ
ﺎﺫﺭﻭ ﺩﻭﻥ ﹸﺮﺏﻘﺍﻟ ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﻀﺎﺀﻝ ﺔﺑﹸﺮﻘﺑ«)١(
.
ﻲﻨﻘﻴﻄﺸﺍﻟ ﺍﻟﺸﻴﺦ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ:»ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ
ﺣﻜﻢ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻟﻪ:
ﺍﻷﻭﱃ:ﹾﻠﺧ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺔﺠﺣ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔﺗﻌـﺎﱃ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻘﻪ؛:ﹰﺎﻠـﺳﺭ
ﺪـﻌﺑ ﹲﺔـﺠﺣ ﻪﱠـﻠﺍﻟ ﹶـﻰﻠﻋ ﹺﺱﺎﻨﻠﻟ ﹶﻥﹸﻮﻜﻳ ﱠﺎﻠﹶﺌﻟ ﻦﹺﻳﺭﺬﻨﻣﻭ ﻦﹺﻳﺮﺸﺒﻣ
ﹺﻞﺳﺮﺍﻟ)٢(
.
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ:ﻛﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ؛ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﻜﻠﻴﻒﺘﺍﻟ ﻋﻬﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﺝﺧﺮﻭ
(١)»ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ«)٢/٣٠٦.(
(٢)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:١٦٥.
- 13. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ١٦
ﺒﺖﺴﺍﻟ ﰲ ﻬﻢﻀﺑﻌ ﺍﻋﺘﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻡ ﺻﺎﳊﻲ ﰲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺎﻝ:ﹸﻮﺍﻟﹶﺎﻗ
ﻌﻣﻢﹸﻜﺑﺭ ﹶﻰﻟﹺﺇ ﹰﺓﺭﺬ...)١(
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ،ﺍﻵﻳﺔ:ﺖﻧﹶﺃ ﺎﻤﹶﻓ ﻢﻬﻨﻋ ﱠﻝﻮﺘﹶﻓ
ﹴﻡﹸﻮﻠﻤﹺﺑ)٢(
ﺎﻣﻣﻠﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻬﺪﺓ ﻣﻦ ﳜﺮﺝ ﱂ ﻟﻮ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﱠﻝﺪﹶﻓ ؛.
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ:ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺎﻝ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﺄﻣﻮﺭ؛ ﻔﻊﻨﺍﻟ ﺭﺟﺎﺀ:ﹶـﻰﻟﹺﺇ ﹰﺓﺭﺬـﻌﻣ
ﹶﻥﹸﻮﻘﺘﻳ ﻢﻬﱠﻠﻌﹶﻟﻭ ﻢﹸﻜﺑﺭﺗﻌ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ،ﺎﱃ:ﻊﹶـﻔﻨﺗ ﻯﺮﹾﻛﱢﺬﺍﻟ ﱠﻥﹺﺈﹶﻓ ﺮﱢﻛﹶﺫﻭ
ﲔﹺﻨﻣﺆﻤﹾﻟﺍ)٣(
.ﺍﻫـ)٤(
.
)ﺟـ(ﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ
ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ:
ﹰﻻﺃﻭ:ﻭﺷﺮﻭﻃﻪ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺿﻮﺍﺑﻂ:
ُﺀﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﻢﱠﻠﺗﻜ-ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻬﻢ-ـﻊﺳﻣﻮ ﺑﻜـﻼﻡ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﰲ
ﻭﻣﻢﻴﺍﻟﻘـ ﻛﺘﺎﺑـﻪ ﰲ ﻋـﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺦﺍﻟﺸﻴ ﲨﻌﻬﺎ ﻭﻗﺪ ،ﻕﺮﺘﻔ:
»ﺘﺍﻟﻊﺸﺮﻳﻲﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ«ﻤﻬﺎﺴﻗ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺺﺨﻭﻣﻠ ،ﺎﺒﻴﻃ ﺎﻌﲨ-
ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ-ﻗﺴﻤﲔ ﺇﱃ:
ﺍﻷﻭﻝ:ـﺎﻫﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﰲ ﻫﺎﺮﱡﻓﺗﻮ ﺐﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟ ﹸﻁﺮﻭﺸﺍﻟ
ﻭﻫﻲ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ:
١-ﺃ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ؛ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻥ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﺬﺍ ﻠﺘﺰﻡﻳ ﻓﻼ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﲑﻏ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻦﻤﻓ ﻳﻦ؛ﺪﺍﻟ ﺬﺍ ﺎﻨﻣﺆﻣ.
(١)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﻑ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:١٦٤.
(٢)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:٥٤.
(٣)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺭﻳﺎﺕ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:٥٥.
(٤)»ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﺿﻮﺍﺀ«)٢/١٧٦.(
- 14. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ١٧
٢-ﹰﺎﻛﻣﺪﺭ ﺃﻱ ﹰﺎ؛ﻔﱠﻠﻣﻜ ﺎﻫﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺮﺍﻵﻣ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ ،ﻜﻠﻴﻒﺘﺍﻟ
ﻳﻘـﻮﻝ ؛ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺮﺍﻷﻣ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﳚﺐ ﻓﻼ ﱠﻒﻠﻣﻜ ﻏﲑ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﻤﻦ ﺍ؛ﺭﳐﺘﺎ
ﱡﱄﺍﻟﻐﺰﺍ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ:»ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻃﻪ ﻭﺟﻪ ﳜﻔﻰ ﻓﻼ؛ﱠﻥﻓﺈﲑﻏﱠـﻠﺍﳌﻜﻻ ﻒ
ﻳﹾﻠﺰﻣﺮﺃﻣ ﻪﹶﻁﺷﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ ﺫﻛﺮﻧﺎﻩ ﻭﻣﺎ ،ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻮﺏ؛ﻣﻓﺄﹸﻥﺇﻣﻜﺎ ﺎﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ
ﺯﻭﺟﻮﺍﻳ ﻓﻼ ﻩﺍﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﺇﻻ ﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ؛ﱠﻥﺇ ﺣﱴﺼﺍﻟﱯﻖﺍﳌﺮﺍﻫﻴﺍﳌﻤ ﻟﻠﺒﻠﻮﻍﺰ
ﱠﻠﻣﻜ ﻳﻜﻦ ﱂ ﻭﺇﻥﺭﺇﻧﻜﺎ ﻓﻠﻪ ﹰﺎﻔﹶﻜﺍﳌﻨﺮ«)١(
.
٣-ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ:ﹸﻁﺮﺘﺸﻳﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﰲ
ﻓـﻼ ﺍﺰﻋﺎﺟ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ؛ ﻭﺗﻐﻴﲑ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﻗﺎﺩ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻫـﺎﺮﻨﻜﻳﻭ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻـﻲ ﻩﺮﻳﻜ ﺃﻥ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠﺐ؛ ﺍﻹﻧﻜﺎﺭ ﺇﻻ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﳚﺐ
ﻱﺍﳋﺪﺭ ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺃﰊ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﱡﻝﺪﻳ ﹶﻬﺎ؛ﻠﻓﺎﻋ ﻊﻭﻳﻘﺎﻃ ﻬﺎﻌﻭﻳﻘﺎﻃ
ﺍﷲ ﹶﻝﺭﺳﻮ ﱠﻥﺃﻗﺎﻝ:»ﻣﺮﻣﻨﻜ ﻣﻨﻜﻢ ﺭﺃﻯ ﻦﺍﻴﻓﻠﻴﻐﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﺮﻩ؛ﻤﻓﻦ
ﻳ ﱂﻳﺴـﺘﻄﻊ ﱂ ﻓﻤﻦ ،ﻓﺒﻠﺴﺎﻧﻪ ﺴﺘﻄﻊﻓﻒﺃﺿـﻌ ﻭﺫﻟـﻚ ،ﺒﻘﻠﺒـﻪ
ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ«)٢(
.
ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺠﺰ ُﺀﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﻖﻭﺃﳊ:ﻱﺩﻳﺆ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﳌﻜﺮﻭﻩ ﺇﺻﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳋﻮﻑ
ﺃﺷﺪ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻲﻬﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺮﺍﻷﻣ.
٤-ﺮﺍﻵﻣـ ﱠﻥﺃ ﻓﲑﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ؛ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ ﹲﻁﺷﺮ ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ،ﹸﺔﺍﻟﻌﺪﺍﻟ
ﺑ،ﺎﻴﻋﺎﺻـ ﹰﺎﻘﻓﺎﺳـ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺢﻳﺼ ﻻ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺎﻫﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﲔﺠﳏﺘ:ﻢﹸﻜﺴﹸﻔﻧﹶﺃ ﹶﻥﻮﺴﻨﺗﻭ ﺮﹺﺒﹾﻟﹺﺎﺑ ﺱﺎﻨﺍﻟ ﹶﻥﻭﺮﻣﹾﺄﺗﹶﺃ)٣(
،
(١)»ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ«)٢/٣٠٨.(
(٢)ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﺭﻭﺍﻩ.
(٣)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:٤٤.
- 15. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ١٨
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻗﻮﻟﻪ:ﹶﻥﹸـﻮﻠﻌﹾﻔﺗ ﹶـﺎﻟ ﺎﻣ ﹸﻮﺍﻟﹸﻮﻘﺗ ﹾﻥﹶﺃ ﻪﱠﻠﺍﻟ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﺘﹾﻘﻣ ﺮﺒﹶﻛ)١(
؛
ﻭ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺗﻘﻮﱘ ﻋﻦ ﺰﻓﺎﻟﻌﺎﺟﺍﻟﻨـﺎﺱ ﺗﻘـﻮﱘ ﻋﻦ ﺍﺰﻋﺠ ﺪﺃﺷ ﺇﺻﻼﺣﻬﺎ
ﻭﺇﺻﻼﺣﻬﻢ.
ﻭﻫﺆﻻﺀ ،ﹶﻁﺮﺸﺍﻟ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻃﻮﺍ ﱂ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺮﺁﺧ ﻓﺮﻳﻖ ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ
ﻋـﻦ ﺎﻣﻣﻌﺼـﻮ ﺎﻫﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﻻ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺇﱃ ﻧﻈﺮﻭﺍ
ﻟﻴﻜـﻮﻥ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ؛ ﹰﺎﻗﺪﻣﺼ ﹶﻪﻠﻓﻌ ﹸﻥﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎ ﹶﻞﻌﺠﻳ ﺃﻥ ﺩﻓﺎﳌﻘﺼﻮ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﻲ؛
ﺍﳌ ﻪﺘﻭﻧﺘﻴﺠ ﻩﺮﺃﺛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪﺓﻮﺮﺟ.
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ:ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﹸﻁﺷﺮﻭ:
ُﺀﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻬﻢ-ﹰﺎﻃﺷـﺮﻭ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻟﻸﻣﺮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻪﻧﺃ
ﺷـﺮﻭﻁ ﺓﺪﻋـ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﻃﻮﺍ ﻤﺎﻧﻭﺇ ﺎﻫﻲ؛ﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﺷﺮﻭﻁ ﺳﻮﻯ ﹰﺔﺻﺧﺎ
ﺎﱄﺘﻛﺎﻟ ﺮﻭﻁﺸﺍﻟ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ،ﻋﻨﻪ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻹﻧﻜﺎﺭ:
*ﹰﻘﺳﺎﺑ ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ،ﻣﻨﻜﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻳﻌﺼﻰ ﻣﻌﺼﻴﺔ ﱡﻞﻛ ﺮﺍﳌﻨﻜ ﱠﻥﺃ ﺎ
ﻭﻗﻊ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺮﹶﻜﻨﻳ ﺃﻥ ﻷﺟﻞ ﻭﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺪﻓﻼﺑ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ؛ ﺍﷲ ﺎ
ﱠﻒﻠﻣﻜ ﻏﲑ ﺃﻭ ﱠﻒﻠﻣﻜ ﻣﻦ ﹶﺮﻜﺍﳌﻨ ﻫﺬﺍ.
*،ـﺎﻟﺣﺎ ﺮﺍﳌﻨﻜ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺪﻓﻼﺑ ،ﺍﳊﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﺩﻣﻮﺟﻮ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ
ﺑﺄ ﺗﻪﻮﹾﻠﺧ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﳋﻤﺮ ﻛﺸﺮﺑﻪ ﻬﻲ؛ﻨﺍﻟ ﺖﻭﻗ ﻟﻪ ﺮﻣﺒﺎﺷ ﻪﺒﻭﺻﺎﺣ،ـﺔﻴﺟﻨﺒ
ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﳓﻮ.
*ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﺇﻧﻜﺎﺭ ﻒﱠﻗﺗﻮ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ﺲ؛ﺴﲡ ﹶﻥﺩﻭ ﺍﺮﻇﺎﻫ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ
َﷲﺍ ﱠﻥﻷ ﺫﻟﻚ؛ ﳚﺰ ﱂ ﻔﺘﻴﺶﺘﻭﺍﻟ ﺲﺴﺠﺘﺍﻟ-ﺗﻌﺎﱃ-؛ﺲﺴﺠﺘﺍﻟ ﻡﺮﺣ
(١)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺼﻒ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:٣.
- 16. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ١٩
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺎﻝ:ﻮﺍﺴﺴﺠﺗ ﹶﺎﻟﻭ)١(
ﻭﻟﻸﺷﺨﺎﺹ ،ﺣﺮﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻴﻮﺕ ﱠﻥﻭﻷ ،
ﺗﻈﻬ ﺃﻥ ﻗﺒﻞ ﹸﻬﺎﻛﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎ ﺠﻮﺯﻳ ﻻ ﹲﺔﻣﺮﺣﻫـﺬﺍ ﰲ ﱠـﺔﻟﻭﺍﻷﺩ ،ﹸﺔﺍﳌﻌﺼﻴ ﺮ
ﰲ ﻡﺍﻹﺳـﻼ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﱠﺚﺣ ﺃﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﱠﻥﻓﺈ ﻭﻟﺬﺍ ،ﹲﺓﻭﻣﺘﻀﺎﻓﺮ ﹲﺓﻛﺜﲑ
ﹸﻬﻤﺎﻟﻭﹶﺃ ﻓﺎﺿﻞ؛ ﳎﺘﻤﻊ ﺇﳚﺎﺩ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ:ﻭﻫﻮ ﲞﲑ؛ ﺇﻻ ﻳﺄﰐ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ُﺀﺍﳊﻴﺎ
ﻕﱠﻭﺬﺍﻟـ ﻣﻨـﻪ ﻳﻨﻔﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﱠﻻﺃ ﺍﳌﺮﺀ ﳛﻤﻞ ،ﺍﻹﳝﺎﻥ ﺐﻌﺷ ﺪﺃﺣ
ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎ ﺪﻗﻴ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻢﻠﻴﺴﺍﻟﹶـﺖﻘﹶﻠﻻﻧﻄ ﺪﺍﻟﻘﻴ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻚﹸﻓ ﻟﻮ ﹾﺫﺇ ؛ﻲﻧﻔﺴ ﻲﻋ
ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﺣﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﱠﺎﱐﺜﺍﻟ ﺮﺍﻷﻣ ﺎﻣﻭﺃ ،ﻫﺎﺮﺷ ﹰﺔﻣﻌﻠﻨ ﹸﺔﻴﻴﻄﺎﻧﺸﺍﻟ ﺰﺍﻟﻐﺮﺍﺋ
ﻓﻴﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﹸﻞﺫﺍﺋﺮﺍﻟ ﺎﻣﺃ ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ؛ ﱠﻻﺇ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﰲ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ
ﻟﻜﻦ ﹰ؛ﺔﻴﻋﻠﻨ ﹸﺔﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻭﻗﺪ ،ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﻔﻬﺎﺸﹶﻛ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ﻫﺎﺮﺘﺳﹶﺔﺫﻳﻠﺮﺍﻟ
ﻔﺴـﺪﻳ ﹰﺓﺩﺮﳎ ﻬﺎﻧﺇﻋﻼ ﱠﻥﻷ ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺘﻬﺎ؛ ﻣﻊ ﺇﻻ ﻫﺎﺮﺃﻣ ﹶﻢﻠﻌﻳ ﻻ ﺃﻥ ﳚﺐ
ﺐﺍﺭﺗﻜ ﻦﻤﻓ ﻟﺬﺍ ﺒﺎﻋﻪ؛ﺗﺑﺎ ﻳﻐﺮﻱ ﻩﺭﻭﻇﻬﻮ ،ﺍﺮﻇﺎﻫ ﺮﺸﺍﻟ ﻭﳚﻌﻞ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ
ﻲﺎﻓﻌﺸﺍﻟ ﻋﻦ ﺭﻭﻱ ﺭﺫﻳﻠﺘﲔ؛ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺐ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻭﺃﻋﻠﻨﻬﺎ ﹰﺔﺭﺫﻳﻠ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ:
»ﹰﺔﺭﺫﻳﻠ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺐ ﻣﻦﺍﷲ ﺳﺘﺮ ﰲ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺘﺮ،ﺘﺻـﻔﺤ ﺃﺑـﺪﻯ ﻭﻣﻦﻪ
ﺪﺍﳊ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻗﻤﻨﺎ«.ﻷﺻﻞ ﻻ ﻟﻺﻋﻼﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺗﻜﺎﺩ ﱠﻈﺔﻠﺍﳌﻐ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ
ﺍﻻﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ.
*ﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻳـﺪﻓﻊ ﺃﻥ ﳚﻮﺯ ﻓﻼ ﺑﻪ؛ ﻳﻨﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺄﻳﺴﺮ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻊﺩﻓ
ﻟﺪﻓﻌﻪ ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﱪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ)٢(
.
(١)ﺍﳊ ﺳﻮﺭﺓﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺠﺮﺍﺕ:١٢.
(٢)ﻳﻨﻈﺮ:»ﺘﺍﻟﺍﳉﻨﺎﺋ ﺸﺮﻳﻊﻲﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ«)٤٩٥-٥٠٥(ﻭ ،»ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻮﻡ ﺇﺣﻴﺎﺀ«)٢/
٣٠٨(ﻭ ،»ﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻵﻣﺮ ﺻﻔﺎﺕﺎﻫﻲﻋﻦﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ«ﻭ ،»ﺣﻮﻝ ﻭﺃﻏﻼﻁ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ«ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ،ﺍﻟﺼﻤﻴﻌﻲ ﺩﺍﺭ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺭﻱ ﻹﺑﺮﺍﻫﻴﻢ)٢(،
ﻭﻏﲑﻫﺎ.
- 17. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ٢٠
٥-ﻲﻨﻘﻴﻄﺸﺍﻟ ﺦﻴﺸﺍﻟ ﻗﺎﻝ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ:»ﻳـﺸﺘﺮﺍﻵﻣـﺮ ﰲ ﻁ
ﺑﱠﻥﺃ ﺑﻪ ﻳﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻢ ﻟﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﻣﺎ ﻭﺃﻥ ،ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺄﻣﺮ ﻣﺎ
ﻳـﺄﻣ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﹰﻼﺟﺎﻫ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺇﻥ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ؛ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻨﻬﻰﺮﻟـﻴﺲ ﲟـﺎ
ﻤﻋ ﻭﻳﻨﻬﻰ ﲟﻌﺮﻭﻑﻴﺳ ﻭﻻ ،ﲟﻨﻜﺮ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺎﺰﺍﻟ ﻫﺬﺍ ﰲ ﻤﺎﻢﻋ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻦ
ﻖﺍﳊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻭﺻﺎﺭ ،ﺍﳉﻬﻞ ﻓﻴﻪﺮﻭﺍﳌﻨﻜ ﺍﺮﻣﻨﻜﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﺍﷲ ،ﹰﺎﻓﻣﻌﺮﻭ:
ﹸﻗﹺﻲﻨﻌﺒﺗﺍ ﹺﻦﻣﻭ ﺎﻧﹶﺃ ﺓﲑﺼﺑ ﹶﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﺍﻟ ﹶﻰﻟﹺﺇ ﻮﻋﺩﹶﺃ ﻲﻠﹺﻴﺒﺳ ﻩﺬﻫ ﹾﻞ)١(
،
ﹸﻞﻟﻴﺪﺍﻟ ﻭﻫﻲ ،ﺑﺼﲑﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺪﻻﺑ ﺍﷲ ﺇﱃ ﺍﻋﻲﺪﺍﻟ ﱠﻥﺃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﱠﻝﻓﺪ
ﺍﷲ ﺇﱃ ﻪﺗﺩﻋﻮ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﻭﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ،ﻣﻌﻪ ﻖﺍﳊ ﰲ ﺲﺒﹶﻟ ﻻ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿﺢ
ﱠﻄﻠﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻷﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺴﻦﺣﻭ ﺑﺎﳊﻜﻤﺔﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ؛ﻖﺍﳊ ﺇﻳﻀﺎﺡ ﻣﻊ ،ﺎﻓﺔ:
ﻢﻬﹾﻟﺩـﺎﺟﻭ ﺔﻨـﺴﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﺔﹶﻈﻋﻮﻤﹾﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﹾﻜﺤﹾﻟﹺﺎﺑ ﻚﺑﺭ ﹺﻞﹺﻴﺒﺳ ﹶﻰﻟﹺﺇ ﻉﺩﺍ
ﻦﺴﺣﹶﺃ ﻲﻫ ﻲﺘﱠﻟﹺﺎﺑ)٢(
ﻭﻋﻨـﻒ ﺑﻘﺴـﻮﺓ ﺍﷲ ﺇﱃ ﻪﺗﺩﻋﻮ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﺈﻥ ؛
ﺗﻨﻔﻊ ﳑﺎ ﺮﺃﻛﺜ ﺮﺗﻀ ﻬﺎﻧﻓﺈ ﻭﺧﺮﻕ«)٣(
.
٦-ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ-ﺍ ﺭﲪﻪﷲ:»ﺮﻭﺍﻟﻖﻓﹸﻞﺳﺒﻴﺍﻷﻣـﺮ
ﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﻗﻴﻞ ﻭﳍﺬﺍ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲ:ﺑـﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺃﻣـﺮﻙ ﻟﻴﻜﻦ
ﻴﻭ ،ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﲑﻏ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻚﺮﺍﻷﻣ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ،ﻣﻨﻜﺮﺑـﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﻨﻭﺍﻟﻲﻬﺒﺍﳌﺴﺘﺤ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺃﻥ ﺪﻻﺑ ﺎﺕ
ﹸﺔﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﹰﺔﺭﺍﺟﺤ ﻓﻴﻪﺍﳌﻔﺴﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ؛ﺬ ﺇﺫﺍﺑﺳﺮﺍﻟ ﹶﺖﺜﻌﹸﻞﻭﻧﺰﻟـﺖ ،
ﺐﳛ ﻻ ﻭﺍﷲ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ؛ﹸﻛ ﺑﻞﱡﻞﻭﻗﺪ ،ﺻﻼﺡ ﻫﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﻣﺎ
ُﷲﺍ ﺃﺛﲎﺼﺍﻟ ﻋﻠﻰ،ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﺎﺕ ﻭﻋﻤﻠﻮﺍ ﺁﻣﻨﻮﺍ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﲔ ﻼﺡ
(١)ﺳﻮﺭﺓﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﻳﻮﺳﻒ:١٠٨.
(٢)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:١٢٥.
(٣)»ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﺿﻮﺍﺀ«)٢/١٧٣،١٧٤.(
- 18. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٢١
ﹶﺫﻭﻡﺩﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﻏﲑ ﰲ ﻭﺍﳌﻔﺴﺪﻳﻦ؛ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺓ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻓﺤﻴﺚ
ﺍﷲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﳑﺎ ﻳﻜﻦ ﱂ ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲﺮﻙﺗ ﻗﺪ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﻥ ،ﺑﻪ
ﳏﺮﻡ ﻭﻓﻌﻞ ﺐﻭﺍﺟ)١(
.
ﻲﻨﻘﻴﻄﺸﺍﻟ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪـﻪ:»ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ﺟـﻮﺍﺯ ﰲ ﻳﺸـﺘﺮﻙ
ﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﱠﻟﺃ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﺩﻳﺆ ﺎﺫﻟـﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻋﻈﻢ ﻣﻔﺴﺪﺓ ﺇﱃ ﻱ
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ؛ﻒﺃﺧ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻹﲨﺎﻉﺮﺭﻳﻦﻀﺍﻟ«)٢(
.
ﺎﻴﺛﺎﻧ:ﺍﳌ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻊﻭﺍﻗﺍﳌﻤﻠﻜـﺔ ﰲ ﻨﻜـﺮ
ﺔﻳﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺔﻴﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑ:
ﺍﻟـﱵ ﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺪﺗﻮﺣﻴ ﺟﺮﻯ
ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﳌﻠﻚ ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ ﺎﻥﺑﺇ ﹰﺔﻗﺎﺋﻤ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪﻪ-ﲢﺖ ﻭﻟﺔﺪﻟﻠ
ﺑﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ،ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻭﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﻰﻤﻣﺴ٣/٩/١٣٩٦ﻫـ)٣(
.
ﻭﰲ٢٦/١٠/١٤٠٠ﻖﻠﹸﻃﺃ ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌﺔ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺻﺪﺭ ﻫـﻋﻠﻴـﻪ
)ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ(ﺑﻌـﺾ ﻳﻠﻲ ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ ،
ﰲ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺓ ،ﺎﻭﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﺎ ،ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺧﻼﳍﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﲔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ)٤(
.
(١)»ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ«ﺹ)١٧.(
(٢)»ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻥ ﺃﺿﻮﺍﺀ«)٢/١٧٤.(
(٣)»ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ ﻭﻻﻳﺔ«ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻴﺔ ﻓﻘﻬﻴﺔ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ،/ﺩﺍﺭ ،ﺍﳊﻤﻴﺪﺍﱐ ﳕﺮ
ﺹ ،ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﻋﺎﱂ)٢١٣.(
(٤)ﺭﻗﻢ ﺍﳌﻠﻜﻲ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻮﻡ ﲟﻮﺟﺐ)ﻡ/٣٧(ﻭﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ،٢٦/١٠/١٤٠٠،ﻫـ»ﺃﻡ ﺟﺮﻳﺪﺓ
ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻯ«ﻋﺪﺩ)٢٨٥٣(ﰲ١٧/3/١٤٠١ﰲ ﺓﺮﻣ ﻷﻭﻝ ﻃﺒﻌﻪ ﰎ ﻭﻗﺪ ،ﻫـ
١٥/٣/١٤١٢،ﻫـ)ﺹ١٣-١٥.(
- 19. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ٢٢
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)٩:(ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﻻﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﻭﻧﺼﺤﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﺭﺷﺎﺩ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮﰲ ﺍﳌﻘـﺮﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﻳﻨﻴﺔ
ﻋـﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ،ﺃﺩﺍﺋﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﲪﻞ ،ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﺍﺗﺒﺎﻉ ﺃﻭ ،ﺎﻋﺷﺮ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﻨﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﶈﺮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺭﺗﻜﺎﺏ ﺩﻭﻥ ﳛﻮﻝ ﲟﺎ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻉ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﺍﺕ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٠:(ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﻮﺍﺟﺐ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ
ﺑﻜﻞ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦﻭﺳﻨﺔ ﺍﷲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﰲ ﺩﺭﻭ ﻣﺎ ﺇﱃ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺓ ،ﻭﻋﺰﻡ ﺣﺰﻡ
ﺑﺴﲑﺗﻪ ﻭﻣﻘﺘﺪﻳﺔ ،ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪﻭﺍﻷﺋﻤـﺔ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺷﺪﻳﻦ ﻭﺧﻠﻔﺎﺋﻪ
ﻭﺃﺧـﺬ ،ﺇﻧﻜﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻭﻃﺮﻕ ﻭﺍﳌﻤﻨﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺼﻠﺤﲔ
ﰲ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺎﺻـﺪ ﺍﺳـﺘﻬﺪﺍﻑ ﻣـﻊ ،ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ
ﺇﺻﻼﺣﻬﻢ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١١:(ﺑﺎﳌﻌ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺗﻘﻮﻡﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺮﻭﻑ
ﺑﻮﺍﺟﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﻬﺎﻭﻧﲔ ﺃﻭ ،ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﺍﳌﺘﻬﻤﲔ ﺃﻭ ،ﻣﺎﺕﺮﺍﶈ ﻣﺮﺗﻜﱯ ﺑﻀﺒﻂ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻖ ﰲ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ،ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ،ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ
ﺑﲔ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﲢﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﳌﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺔﺼﺍﳌﺨﺘ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺪﻭﺏ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻞﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٢:(ﻟـﻪ ﳑﺎ ﺍﳌﻤﻨﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺣﻖ ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌﺔ
ﺍﳉﻬـﺎﺕ ﻣـﻊ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣـﺔ ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻮﻙ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺄﺛﲑ
ﻛﻴﻔﻴـﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﺋﺤـﺔ ﻭﲢـﺪﺩ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ ،ﻟﻸﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﹰﺎﻘﻭﻃﺒ ،ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺼﺔ
ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٣:(ﺑـﺎﳌ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰﺃﻥ ﻌﺮﻭﻑ
- 20. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٢٣
ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌـﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ ﺍﳌﻘﺮ ﺇﱃ ﻋﻘﺎﺑﻪ ﻳﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ ﺃﻣﺮ ﰲ ﺗﻀﺒﻄﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ
ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻻﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﱵ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٤:(ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ﻫﻴﺌـﺎﺕ ﻣـﻦ ﻣﻨﺪﻭﺏ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻁ ﺃﻥ ﳚﺐ
ﺍﺧﺘﺼـﺎﺹ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﲢﻘﻴﻖ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﺍﻹﻣـﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ ﲟﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺿﺒﻄﻬﺎ ﻭﰎ ،ﺎ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔﻭﺑﻌـﺪ ،
ﻳﺸـﺘﺮﻙ ـﺎ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳊﻜﻢ ﺻﺪﻭﺭ
ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﰲ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺪﻭﺏ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٥:(ﻛﺎﻓـﺔ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴـﻖ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺗﺘﻮﱃ
،ﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﺑﺄﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﱠﻖﻠﺗﺘﻌ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ
ﻳﻌﺎﺩ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺇﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﺰﻡ ﻭﻣﱴﺑـﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣـﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﲟﻌﺮﻓﺔ
ﺍﻹﻣﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺪﻭﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﰲ ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺃﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ
ﺍﳌﺨﺘﺼﺔ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٦:(ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﻌﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﶈﺎﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳚﺐ
ﲣـﺘﺺ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻟﻘﻀﺎﻳﺎ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﳊﻜﻢ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩ ﳌﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺎ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٧:(ﻣـﻦ ﻛـﺎﻑ ﺑﻌﺪﺩ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺗﺰﻭﺩ
ﺭﺟﺎﻝ ﻗﻴﺎﻡ ﺗﻜﻔﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺍﻹﺟﺮﺍﺀﺍﺕ ﺍﳋﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﻭﲢﺪﺩ ،ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ ﺭﺟﺎﻝ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴـﺔ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﺑﲔ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ،ﺍﻷﻛﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻮﺍﺟﺒﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻃﺔ
ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ.
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٨:(ﺗ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻫﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﳉﻬﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ
ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﻫﺬﺍ ﲟﻮﺟﺐ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻫﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ.
- 21. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ٢٤
ﻣﺎﺩﺓ)١٩:(ﳍﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺋﺢ ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ ﻳﺼﺪﺭ
ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ.
ﻣـﻦ ﻟﻜـﺜﲑ ﺍﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﺎﺕ ﴰﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﻫﺬﻩ ﰲ ﻭﻧﻼﺣﻆ
ﺍﳌﺎﺿﻲ ﰲ ﺍﳊﺴﺒﺔ ﻭﺍﱄ ﺎ ﻳﻘﻮﻡ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭﻳﺮﻏﺐ ﻦﻣ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ،
ﺍﳌـﺬﻛﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺃﺷﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﺎﺕ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ
ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺍﺋﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻃﻼﻉ.
* * *
- 22. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٢٥
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﺍﶈﻮﺭ:
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﲏ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ
ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﻴﻖ ﺍﻻﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻣﺪﻯ ﻳﺘﻀﺢ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﳑﺎ
ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ،ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤـﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﱡﻖﻘﲢ ﻭﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ
ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﳍﻴﺌﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﲏ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﱢﻲﻠﲡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻭﻗﺒﻞ
ﺍﻷﻣـﲏ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ ﳝﻜﻦ ﻻ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺪﺭﻙﻳ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ
ﻭﺇﳌﺎﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻣﻜﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺄﳘﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺇﻻ ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌﺔ
ﻭﺃﺣ ﲝﻜﻢﺑﺎﻟﺼـﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﻫﲔ ﺍﻵﻣﺮﻳﻦ ﺼﺎﻑﺗﻭﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻜﺎﻡ
ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺗﻘﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﻟﻠﻀﻮﺍﺑﻂ ﹰﺎﻘﻭﻓ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ ﻨﻬﺎﻴﺑ ﺍﻟﱵ.
ﺍﻷﻣﲏ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺎﺒﺳﻠ ﻳﺆﺛﺮ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺸﻲﺀ ﺍﻹﺧﻼﻝ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﰲ ﻪﻧﻭﺃ
ﻟﻠﻬﻴﺌﺔ.
ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺭ ﺫﻟﻚ ﱢﻲﻠﲡ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻷﻫﻢ ﻣﻮﺟﺰ ﻋﺮﺽ ﻳﻠﻲ ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ:
)ﺃ(ﺍﻹﺳ ﻣﻨﻬﺞﺍﳊﻜﻴﻢ ﻼﻡ:
ﻣﻨـﻬﺞ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺞﻣﻨﻬ ﺇﻥ
ﹶﺬﹶـﻔﻨﻳ ﺣﱴ ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻔﺴﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺣﻮﺍﻝ ﻣﻘﺘﻀﻴﺎﺕ ﻳﺮﺍﻋﻲ ﺣﻜﻴﻢ
ﺃﻭ ﻠـﻮﻳﺢﺘﺍﻟ ﺃﻭ ﺼـﺮﻳﺢﺘﺑﺎﻟ ﹰﻼﺳـﺒﻴ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻭﳚﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻮﺏ ﺇﱃ ﹸﺔﺍﻋﻴﺪﺍﻟ
ﺍﳋﻄﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﳌﻮﻋﻈﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻠﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﻄﻖ ،ﻌﺮﻳﺾﺘﺍﻟ:ﹶـﻰﻟﹺﺇ ﻉﺩﺍﹺﻞﹺﻴﺒـﺳ
ﻲـﻫ ﻲﺘﱠﻟﹺـﺎﺑ ﻢﻬﹾﻟﺩـﺎﺟﻭ ﺔﻨـﺴﺤﹾﻟﺍ ﺔﹶـﻈﻋﻮﻤﹾﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻤﹾﻜﺤﹾﻟﹺﺎﺑ ﻚﺑﺭ
ﻦﺴﺣﹶﺃ)١(
.
(١)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ:١٢٥ﺍﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ ﻣﻦ.
- 23. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ٢٦
)ﺏ(ﺍﷲ ﺷﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ:
ﻭﺍﻟﻨـﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﻋﻦ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﲑﺍﻟﻜﺒ ﺮﺍﻷﺛ ﺇﻥ
ﻭﺻـﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﺯﻛـﺎﺓ ﺻـﻼﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺷﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﺗﻘﺎﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ
ﻭﺣﺞ...ﺫﻟﻚ ﻭﻏﲑ.
ﻳﻘﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻮﻝ:ﹶﺓﹶﺎﻠـﺼﺍﻟ ﻮﺍﻣﹶﺎﻗﹶﺃ ﹺﺽﺭﹶﺄﹾﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻢﻫﺎﻨﱠﻜﻣ ﹾﻥﹺﺇ ﻦﻳﺬﱠﻟﺍ
ﹸﺔـﺒﻗﺎﻋ ﻪﱠـﻠﻟﻭ ﹺﺮﹶﻜﻨﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻦﻋ ﺍﻮﻬﻧﻭ ﻑﻭﺮﻌﻤﹾﻟﹺﺎﺑ ﻭﺍﺮﻣﹶﺃﻭ ﹶﺓﹶﺎﻛﺰﺍﻟ ﺍﻮﺗَﺁﻭ
ﹺﺭﻮﻣﹸﺄﹾﻟﺍ)١(
.
ﻻﺑﻨﻪ ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ ﻭﺻﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺔ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻭﻗﺎﻝ:ﹶﺓﹶﺎﻠﺼﺍﻟ ﹺﻢﻗﹶﺃ ﻲﻨﺑ ﺎﻳ
ﻭﻚﻟﹶﺫ ﱠﻥﹺﺇ ﻚﺑﺎﺻﹶﺃ ﺎﻣ ﹶﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﹺﺒﺻﺍﻭ ﹺﺮﹶﻜﻨﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻦﻋ ﻪﻧﺍﻭ ﻑﻭﺮﻌﻤﹾﻟﹺﺎﺑ ﺮﻣﹾﺃ
ﹺﺭﻮﻣﹸﺄﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻡﺰﻋ ﻦﻣ)٢(
.
ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ،ﺑﻌﺾ ﺇﱃ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻭﺭﺑﻄﻬﺎ ﻌﺎﺋﺮﺸﺍﻟ ﻫﺬﻩ ﹶﻥﺮﹶﻗ ﻛﻴﻒ ﻞﻣﻓﺘﺄ
ﻭﺯﻛﺎﺓ ﺻﻼﺓ ﻣﻦ ﻌﺎﺋﺮﺸﺍﻟ ﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺪﻝ...ﱠﻞﻛ ﺮﻣﹶﺃ
ﺑ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺼﺮ ﻦﻣﻌﺎﺋﺮﺸﺍﻟ ﻫﺬﻩ ﻔﻌﻞ.
ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﺭﺩﻭ ﺇﻥ
ﺻـﻼﺣﻴﺔ ﺑـﻪ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺋﻤﲔ ﻭﻛﺎﻥ ﻬﻲﻨﻭﺍﻟ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻭﺟﺪ ﻓﺤﻴﺚ ﺃﺳﺎﺱ؛
،ﻄﺒﻴﻖﺘﺑﺎﻟ ﺳﺘﺤﻈﻰ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺮﺷﻌﺎﺋ ﱠﻥﻓﺈ ﺮﺼﺍﳌﻘ ﳏﺎﺳﺒﺔ ﰲ ﻭﺗﺸﺠﻴﻊ
ﺗ ﻭﻻ ﺩﻋﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺋﻤﲔ ﳛﺼﻞ ﻭﱂ ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﳘﻞ ﻭﺣﻴﺚﺸـﺠﻴﻊ
ﺍﷲ ﺷﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﰲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼﲑ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﻂ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻥ.
(١)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﺍﳊﺞ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:٤١.
(٢)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﻟﻘﻤﺎﻥ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:١٧.
- 24. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٢٧
ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺩ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺎﺒﺳﻠ ﱢﺮﺛﻳﺆ ﺍﷲ ﺷﻌﺎﺋﺮ ﰲ ﲑﺍﻟﺘﻘﺼ ﺃﻥ ﺷﻚ ﻭﻻ
ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﻭﻋﺪﻡ ،ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺯﻋﺰﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻳﻨﺘﺞ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺯﻋﺰﻋﺔ ﰲ ﺳﺒﺐ.
)ﺝ(ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ:
ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﻦ ﱠﻥﺇﻓﺤﻴﺚ ﺍﷲ؛ ﻊﺷﺮﺍﺋ ﻖﺒﺗﻄ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﰲ
ﻭﺣﻴﺚ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻼﺩ ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﹲﺔﻣﺼﻠﺤ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻘﺖﺒﹸﻃ
ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺩ ﻟﻠﺒﻼﺩ ﻓﺴﺎﺩ ﺫﻟﻚ ﰲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺗﺮﻙ.
ﺳﺒﺎﺗﲔ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:»ﺍﳌﺴـﻠﻢ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﶈﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺪﻻﺑ
ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﻳﺮﺿﻲ ﺎﻴﺭﺍﻗ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺳﻠﻮﻙ ﻟﻴﺒﻘﻰـﺼﻟ ﻭﻻﺑﺪ ،ﺪ
ﻋـﻦ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳊﻖ ﻋﻦ ﺯﺍﺋﻎ ﺃﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻨﺤﺮﻑ ﱢﻞﻛ
ﻳـﻎﺰﺍﻟ ﺫﻟـﻚ ﻭﻳﺰﺩﺍﺩ ﺍﻻﳓﺮﺍﻑ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻊﺴﺘﻳ ﻻ ﻭﺣﱴ ،ﺍﳊﺴﻦ ﺍﳋﻠﻖ
ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻭﲨﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺩﺃﻓﺮﺍ ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻭﻧﻮﺍ ﺃﻥ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻭﺟﺐ
ﺾـﺤﺗ ﺍﻟﺸـﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺼـﻮﺹ ﻓﺠﺎﺀﺕ ،ﻳﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﻣﻨﻊ
ﺑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔﺫﻟـﻚ ﻭﲡﻌـﻞ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ
ﻣﺎ ﻪﺃﺷﺒ ﺪﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣ ﻊﺘﻤﺍ ﱠﻥﺃ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺎ؛ﻌﲨﻴ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺎﺒﻭﻭﺍﺟ ُﻣﺔﻸﻟ ﻭﻇﻴﻔﺔ
ﺳـﺎﺋﺮ ﻟﻪ ﺗﺪﺍﻋﻰ ﻮﻋﻀ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﺷﺘﻜﻰ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺎﳉﺴﻢ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ
ﻭﺍﳊﻤﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻬﺮ ﺍﳉﺴﺪ«)١(
.
ﺎﻀﺃﻳ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ:»...ﺪﺍﳊ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﰲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﺫﺍﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺣﺪ
ﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﷲﰲ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺎﺣﺻﺒﺎ ﺃﺭﺑﻌﲔ ﻣﻄﺮ ﻳﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﻣﺎ ﳋﲑﻟﻜﻞ ﺧﺴﺎﺭﺓ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ
(١)»ﺍﻟﻌﺰﺓ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ«ﺳﺒﺎ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ،ﺍﻷﻭﱃ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ ،ﺗﲔ١٤٠٣،ﻫـ١٩٨٣ﻡ.ﻭﺍﻧﻈﺮ:
»ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ«ﻟﻠﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ/ﺍﳌﺴﻌﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﻌﺰﻳﺰ ﻋﺒﺪ.
- 25. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ ٢٨
ـﺮﺠﻫ ﰲ ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﺑﻞ ﲨﻴﻌﻬﺎ؟ ﺍﷲ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ ﺗﺮﻙ ﰲ ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ،ﺍﳋﲑ ﻫﺬﺍ
ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ؟ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﻭﺇﺳﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ
ﺎ ﺍﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﺷﺆﻭﻥ ﻭﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺇﻗﺎﻣﺔ ﰲ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻭﺇﺫﺍ
ﺿـﻴ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻪ ﹲﻆﻭﺣﻔ ﺫﻳﻠﺔﺮﺍﻟ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﹲﻥﺻﻮ ﺘﻤﻊﺍ ﰲﺎﻉ
ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﺗﻌﻄﻴـﻞ ﰲ ﻪﻧﻓﺈ ،ﻭﺁﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﺃﻓﻜﺎﺭﻩ ﺪﻭﺗﻮﺣﻴ ،ﻭﺛﺮﻭﺍﺗﻪ ﺃﻣﻮﺍﻟﻪ
ﺍﷲ ﻣﻬـﺎﺮﺣ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﳌﻔﺎﺳﺪ ﺭﻭﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﻮﺍﺣﺶ ﺭﻇﻬﻮ ﻭﺃﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ...«؛
ﺍﻹﺳـﻼﻡ ﻷﺣﻜـﺎﻡ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻓﻘﻴﺎﻡ
ﻭﻧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻪ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻭﳏﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻭﺷﺮﺍﺋﻌﻪ.
ﺗﻴﻤﻴـ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺷﻴﺦ ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝﺔ-ﺍﷲ ﺭﲪـﻪ:»...ﻭﲢـﺮﱘ
ﻳﻨﺪﺭﺝ ﺒﺎﺕﻴﱠﻄﺍﻟ ﹶﻝﺇﺣﻼ ﱠﻥﺃ ﻛﻤﺎ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻣﻌﲎ ﰲ ﺍﳋﺒﺎﺋﺚ
ﳑ ﻫﻮ ﺒﺎﺕﻴﱠﻄﺍﻟ ﱘﲢﺮ ﱠﻥﻷ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ؛ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﰲﻭﻛﺬﻟﻚ ،ﻋﻨﻪ ﺍﷲ ﻰ ﺎ
ﲜﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﳑﺎ ﻣﻨﻜﺮ ﻛﻞ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑﺍﷲ ﻟﺮﺳﻮﻝ ﺇﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ ﱂ
ﺗ ﺍﻟﺬﻱﺘﻢﺑﻪ ﺍﷲﺍﻷ ﻣﻜﺎﺭﻡﺍﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻨﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺧﻼﻕ«)١(
.
ﻗﺎﻡ ﻣﺎ ﻓﺈﺫﺍ ،ﺧﲑ ﻟﻜﻞ ﲨﺎﻉ ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺮﻓﺎﻷﻣ
ﺮﺷ ﱡﻞﻛ ﻭﺍﻧﺪﻓﻊ ﺧﲑ ﱠﻞﻛ ﱠﻖﻘﺣ.
ﺣﻴﺎﺓ ﰲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﲢﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺍﳋﲑﺍﺕ ﺃﻫﻢ ﻭﻣﻦ
ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ:
)ﺩ(ﺍﻹﳍﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ:
ﺍ ﺍﻹﳍﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﻷﻣﻦﺑﺈﻗﺎﻣـﺔ ﹲﻥﻣﺮﻫـﻮ ﺔﻳﻧﻴﻮﺪﻟ
(١)»ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ«ﺹ ،ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﺑﻦ ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻡ ﺷﻴﺦ ،)١٨.(
- 26. ﺁﻣﻦ ﳎﺘﻤـﻊ ﳓـﻮ٢٩
ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ:
ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﰲﱯﻨﺍﻟ ﻋﻦﻗﺎﻝ:»ﻧﻔﺴﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ
ﺑﻴﺪﻩ!ﺃﻥ ﺍﷲ ﻟﻴﻮﺷـﻜﻦ ﺃﻭ ،ﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﻟﺘﻨﻬﻮﻥ ،ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﻟﺘﺄﻣﺮﻥ
ﻟﻜﻢ ﺴﺘﺠﺎﺏﻳ ﻓﻼ ﺗﺪﻋﻮﻥ ﰒ ،ﻣﻨﻪ ﺎﺑﻋﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻜﻢ ﻳﺒﻌﺚ«)١(
.
ﻳﻖﺪﺼﺍﻟ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺃﰊ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻭﰲﻗﺎﻝ:ﺍﷲ ﹶﻝﺭﺳـﻮ ﺖﲰﻌ ﻲﻧﺇ
ﻳﻘﻮﻝ:»ﺃﻭﺷﻚ ﻳﺪﻳﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﺄﺧﺬﻭﺍ ﻓﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻈﺎﱂ ﺭﺃﻭﺍ ﺇﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺇﻥ
ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﻌﻘﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﻳﻌﻤﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ«)٢(
.
ﻣـﻦ ﺳـﻼﻣﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﻜـﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺑﺎﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺎﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ ﻓﻔﻲ
ﺍﳍـﻼﻙ ﻣـﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻠﻘﺎﺋﻤﲔ ﻭﳒﺎﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺍﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﻧﻴﻮﻳﺔﺪﺍﻟ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ
ﺍ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﻭﳒﺎﺓ ،ﻡﺍﻟﻌﺎﺫﻛﺮ ﱠﺎﳌ ﻭﳍﺬﺍ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻟﺬﻱ-
ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ-ﺍﳌﻬﻠﻜـﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﻮﺑﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺎﺃﺻﺎ ﻭﻣﺎ ﹶﺔﱢﺑﺬﺍﳌﻜ ﹶﺔﺎﺑﻘﺴﺍﻟ ﻢُﻣﻷﺍ
ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺎﻝ ﺔﻣﺍﻟﻌﺎ:ﺔـﻴﻘﺑ ﹸـﻮﻟﹸﻭﺃ ﻢﹸﻜﻠﺒﹶﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻭﺮﹸﻘﹾﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﹶﻥﹶﺎﻛ ﹶﺎﻟﻮﹶﻠﹶﻓ
ﹺﺽﺭﹶﺄﹾﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺩﺎﺴﹶﻔﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻦﻋ ﹶﻥﻮﻬﻨﻳﺃﻱ ؛:ﹶﻠﻫ ﱠﺎﳌـﺎﺑﻖﺴﺍﻟ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺬﺍﺏ ﻜﻮﺍ
ﲜﺮﻣﻬﻢ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻩﺮﹾﻛﺫ.ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻗﺎﻝ ﰒ:ـﺎﻨﻴﺠﻧﹶﺃ ﻦﻤﻣ ﹰﺎﻠﻴﻠﹶﻗ ﱠﺎﻟﹺﺇ
ﻢﻬﻨﻣﺃﻱ ؛:ﻓﺄﳒﻴﻨﺎﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﺴﺎﺩ ﻋﻦ ﻳﻨﻬﻮﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﹰﻼﻗﻠﻴﻊﺒﺗﺍﻭ
ﲔﻣﹺﺮﺠﻣ ﻮﺍﻧﹶﺎﻛﻭ ﻪﻴﻓ ﹸﻮﺍﻓﹺﺮﺗﹸﺃ ﺎﻣ ﻮﺍﻤﹶﻠﹶﻇ ﻦﻳﺬﱠﻟﺍ)٣(
ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺄﻫﻠﻜﻮﺍ.
(١)ﺑﺮﻗﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ)٢١٧٠(ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻘﺪﺳﻲ ﻭﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ ،ﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ ﻨﻪﺴﻭﺣ ،
»ﺑﺎ ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﳌﻨﻜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﳌﻌﺮﻭﻑ«ﺭﻗﻢ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ)٢٧(ﺹ ،)١٥٣.(
(٢)ﺑﺮﻗﻢ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺃﺧﺮﺟﻪ)٤٣٣٨(ﺑﺮﻗﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﻣﺬﻱ ،)٢١٦٩) (٣٠٥٩(ﻣﺎﺟﻪ ﻭﺍﺑﻦ ،
)٤٠٠٥(ﻭﺃﲪﺪ ،)١/٢(ﺷﺎﻛﺮ ﺃﲪﺪ ﻭﺻﺤﺤﻪ ،.ﰲ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﺒﺎﱐ»ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ
ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ«)١٥٦٤.(
(٣)ﺍﻵﻳﺔ ،ﻫﻮﺩ ﺳﻮﺭﺓ:١١٦.