Molecular

4. PCRPCR..
PCRPCR..
Molecular MarkersMolecular Markers..
DNA MarkersDNA Markers
DNA MarkersDNA Markers

5. Genetic MarkersGenetic Markers..
11Morphological MarkersMorphological Markers..
22Biochemical MarkersBiochemical Markers..
33Molecular or DNA MarkersMolecular or DNA Markers..

6. Molecular MarkersMolecular Markers
Plant BreedingPlant Breeding

7. ‫تتتتتت‬ ‫تتتتت‬ -‫ت‬‫تتتتتت‬ ‫تتتتت‬ -‫ت‬
Plant BreedingPlant Breeding::

8. Steps of Plant BreedingSteps of Plant Breeding
The following are the major activities of plant breedingThe following are the major activities of plant breeding::
1- Creation of variation1- Creation of variation
2- Selection2- Selection
3- Evaluation3- Evaluation
4- Multiplication4- Multiplication
5- Distribution of the new variety5- Distribution of the new variety

9. ..
P = G + E + (GxEP = G + E + (GxE((

10. Genetic MarkersGenetic Markers
‫للللللل‬ -‫ل‬‫للللللل‬ -‫ل‬
‫لللللللل‬‫لللللللل‬Genetic MarkersGenetic Markers::

11. Morphological MarkersMorphological Markers..
Biochemical MarkersBiochemical Markers..
Molecular or DNA MarkersMolecular or DNA Markers..

12. Morphological MarkersMorphological Markers::

13. Biochemical MarkersBiochemical Markers::
•
•
•

14. Molecular or DNA MarkersMolecular or DNA Markers::
DNADNA
•
•
•

15. •
DiversityDiversity((..
•
MappingMapping.(.(