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This multi-media product and its content are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:
Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network;
Any preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images;
Any rental, lease or lending of the program
Understanding Media in the
Digital Age, 1/e
Everette E. Dennis
Melvin L. DeFleur
Prepared by Todd
Chambers, Ph.D.
Texas Tech
University
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
UNDERSTANDING
COMMUNICATION
CONCEPTS IN THE
INTERNET AGE
Chapter 1
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Studying Media Strategically
 Leadership
 Management
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Historical Perspective
 How were our present media shaped by the
events, trends, policies, and characteristics
of society?
 How do our media select, process, and
disseminate various categories of content?
 What assumptions and forecasts can we make
about the media we will have in the future and
what they will offer to their audiences in the
years ahead?
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Voices of Experience
 Technology
 Institutions
 The actual voices of
communication
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Interpersonal Communication
Process
Sharing Meaning with Verbal and
Non-Verbal Symbols
 Mediated communication
 Language
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
A Basic Model of Human
Communication
 Claude Shannon & Warren Weaver
 Bell Laboratories
 Improving signals with less chance for
error
 Linear model of communication
 Advantage: simple
 Disadvantage: lacks interactive,
transactional process of communication
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Shannon & Weaver Model
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Source-Channel-Receiver
 Source
 Encoding
 Decoding
 Noise
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Communicating Accurately
 The Accuracy Principle
 The Feedback Principle
 The Role-Taking Principle
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Mass Communication Process
Developing a concise definition of mass
communication
 senders are professional communicators
 intended meanings are encoded by specialists
 message is transmitted by specialized media
 large and diverse audiences decode the information
 individual receivers in the audience interpret
meaning from the information
 receivers are influenced in some way by the
information
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Developing a Concise Definition
 Mass communication is a process in which
professional communicators design and use media to
disseminate messages widely, rapidly, and continually
in order to arouse intended meanings in large,
diverse, and selectively attending audiences, in
attempts to influence them in a variety of ways.
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Question to think about
 Do social media fit into that
definition of mass communication?
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Which Media are the Mass Media?
 Publishing
 Film
 Electronic Media
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Comparing Face-to-Face and Mass
Communication
Consequences of
Using Any Medium
 Lack of immediate
feedback
 Loss of accuracy
 Limitation on
effective role-taking
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Consequences of Large, Diverse
Audiences
 aggregated audiences
 limited attention span
 entertained, rather than enlightened
 loses interest in any subject that makes
intellectual demands
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
NAVIGATING CHANGE: THE
RISE OF DIGITAL AND
GLOBAL MEDIA
Chapter 2
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Dawn of the Digital Age
 Agrarian Age
 Industrial Revolution
 Information Age
 Information Society
Copyright © 2010 Person Education. All rights reserved.
History of the Digital Revolution
 Marshall McLuhan, the global village
 The Early Days, 1970s-1980s
 Boom and Bust, 1994-1999
 Reemergence, 2002-
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
History of the Digital Revolution
 Economic
 Technological
Innovation
 Government and
Legal
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Forces influencing the revolution
The Speed of Change in a Digital
Age
Adopting Technological Innovations
Diffusion of Innovation (Rogers & Shoemaker,
1971)
 innovation
 adoption
 adoption curve
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Question to think about
 How would you describe yourself
in terms of the adoption curve for –
-DVD
-DVR
-Facebook
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Defining Communication in a
Digital Society
 Mass Communication
 Addressable Communication
 Personal Media
 Intermediate Communication
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Defining Communication in a
Digital Society
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Intermediate communication uses technology to
create communities for like-minded people with
similar interests or the same political or social
views.
Concerns about the digital
revolution
 T.S. Eliot
-Where is the wisdom we have lost in
knowledge?
-Where is the knowledge we have lost in
information?
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Challenges of Media Study in a
Digital Age
 Laswell’s Functions of the Media
-Surveillance
-Correlation
-Transmission
-Entertainment
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
Challenges of Media Study in a
Digital Age
A media practitioner’s view
 Informing
 Influencing
 Entertaining
 Providing a marketplace for goods and
services
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Spread of Global Media
Cultural Imperialism
-The West is the Best
-Transform culture
-Dominate culture
-News Flow
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Spread of Global Media
US and European media
 widespread global distribution
 limited choices of media in home
countries
 attractive alternative to locally produced
content
 desire to adopt or want to adopt Western
values
 the West deliberately engages in cultural
imperialism
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
The Spread of Global Media
“Relative Exportability”
Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

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ENG 6328 Week 1

  • 1. This multi-media product and its content are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; Any preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; Any rental, lease or lending of the program Understanding Media in the Digital Age, 1/e Everette E. Dennis Melvin L. DeFleur Prepared by Todd Chambers, Ph.D. Texas Tech University Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 2. UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION CONCEPTS IN THE INTERNET AGE Chapter 1 Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 3. Studying Media Strategically  Leadership  Management Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 4. Historical Perspective  How were our present media shaped by the events, trends, policies, and characteristics of society?  How do our media select, process, and disseminate various categories of content?  What assumptions and forecasts can we make about the media we will have in the future and what they will offer to their audiences in the years ahead? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 5. Voices of Experience  Technology  Institutions  The actual voices of communication Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 6. The Interpersonal Communication Process Sharing Meaning with Verbal and Non-Verbal Symbols  Mediated communication  Language Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 7. A Basic Model of Human Communication  Claude Shannon & Warren Weaver  Bell Laboratories  Improving signals with less chance for error  Linear model of communication  Advantage: simple  Disadvantage: lacks interactive, transactional process of communication Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 8. The Shannon & Weaver Model Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 9. Source-Channel-Receiver  Source  Encoding  Decoding  Noise Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 10. Communicating Accurately  The Accuracy Principle  The Feedback Principle  The Role-Taking Principle Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 11. The Mass Communication Process Developing a concise definition of mass communication  senders are professional communicators  intended meanings are encoded by specialists  message is transmitted by specialized media  large and diverse audiences decode the information  individual receivers in the audience interpret meaning from the information  receivers are influenced in some way by the information Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 12. Developing a Concise Definition  Mass communication is a process in which professional communicators design and use media to disseminate messages widely, rapidly, and continually in order to arouse intended meanings in large, diverse, and selectively attending audiences, in attempts to influence them in a variety of ways. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 13. Question to think about  Do social media fit into that definition of mass communication? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 14. Which Media are the Mass Media?  Publishing  Film  Electronic Media Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 15. Comparing Face-to-Face and Mass Communication Consequences of Using Any Medium  Lack of immediate feedback  Loss of accuracy  Limitation on effective role-taking Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 16. The Consequences of Large, Diverse Audiences  aggregated audiences  limited attention span  entertained, rather than enlightened  loses interest in any subject that makes intellectual demands Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 17. NAVIGATING CHANGE: THE RISE OF DIGITAL AND GLOBAL MEDIA Chapter 2 Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 18. The Dawn of the Digital Age  Agrarian Age  Industrial Revolution  Information Age  Information Society Copyright © 2010 Person Education. All rights reserved.
  • 19. History of the Digital Revolution  Marshall McLuhan, the global village  The Early Days, 1970s-1980s  Boom and Bust, 1994-1999  Reemergence, 2002- Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 20. History of the Digital Revolution  Economic  Technological Innovation  Government and Legal Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved. Forces influencing the revolution
  • 21. The Speed of Change in a Digital Age Adopting Technological Innovations Diffusion of Innovation (Rogers & Shoemaker, 1971)  innovation  adoption  adoption curve Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 22. Question to think about  How would you describe yourself in terms of the adoption curve for – -DVD -DVR -Facebook Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 23. Defining Communication in a Digital Society  Mass Communication  Addressable Communication  Personal Media  Intermediate Communication Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 24. Defining Communication in a Digital Society Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved. Intermediate communication uses technology to create communities for like-minded people with similar interests or the same political or social views.
  • 25. Concerns about the digital revolution  T.S. Eliot -Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge? -Where is the knowledge we have lost in information? Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 26. Challenges of Media Study in a Digital Age  Laswell’s Functions of the Media -Surveillance -Correlation -Transmission -Entertainment Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 27. Challenges of Media Study in a Digital Age A media practitioner’s view  Informing  Influencing  Entertaining  Providing a marketplace for goods and services Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 28. The Spread of Global Media Cultural Imperialism -The West is the Best -Transform culture -Dominate culture -News Flow Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 29. The Spread of Global Media US and European media  widespread global distribution  limited choices of media in home countries  attractive alternative to locally produced content  desire to adopt or want to adopt Western values  the West deliberately engages in cultural imperialism Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.
  • 30. The Spread of Global Media “Relative Exportability” Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

Editor's Notes

  1. Leadership: coping with change; management: coping with complexity
  2. At its most basic level, language is a system of symbols that we have learned over time and have adapted for communication purposes. Unlike animals, which have communication systems, humans are able to learn and transmit shared belief systems, or culture, across generations.
  3. Sender initiates message that expresses a specific set of meanings; sender encodes the meanings with specific words and gestures; message is transmitted in spoken or written form in signal of patterned information; receiver attends to and perceives the patterned information; receiver decodes information by constructing her or his own interpretations of the meanings of symbols. The original model did not include the effect or the receiver is influenced in some way. Noise can occur at any time. Noise results from any physical, psychological, social or cultural condition that reduces similarities between the intended meanings of the sender and the interpretations of the receiver.
  4. As the Shannon & Weaver model developed, important concepts were added to this theory of communication. In particular, accuracy, or the level of correspondence between the sender’s meaning and the receiver’s perception, is important for effective communication. Another important element in the communication process is the ability for a sender and receiver exchange additional messages, either deliberately or not, to each other in the form of verbal or nonverbal cues. Feedback is important for the development of effective communication. Finally, a sender may take on the role of a receiver in order to improve communication effectiveness. In this role-taking situation, the sender attempts to visualize the effect of the communication to increase its accuracy.
  5. Like the interpersonal communication process, the use of a media technology creates the ability of a sender to communicate information to a larger group of individuals, or a mass audience. As in the interpersonal process, communication requires encoding, transmission, receivers, decoding and influence.
  6. Publishing includes books, magazines and newspapers. Film is primarily motion pictures. Electronic media includes radio, television, cable and DVDs.
  7. For any type of mass medium, there is a loss of feedback and a limitation on effective role-taking. Despite the best abilities of producers of news, information and entertainment content, the inability of literally sitting in front of someone prevents or at least severely diminishes the ability of a mass media sender to receive the type of feedback that a face-to-face experience provides.
  8. The media audience is typically defined as an aggregate audience because it is made of many distinct individuals. These audiences range from the lowest wage earner that is not targeted by advertiser to the wealthiest and most attractive individual that might be the most sought after member of the audience.
  9. Until the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s, societies existed with a high dependence on agriculture – you lived on what you raised – vegetables and animals. As societies changed and technologies allowed manufacturing and the development of factories, the industrial revolution ushered in a century of change in social systems. With the advancement of communication technologies in the 1900s, society saw the arrival of an information age in the 1980s where more individuals became workers in the field of information. Thanks to the digital revolution, we exist in an information society where individuals have greater access to information.
  10. : Canadian scholar Marshall McLuhan coined the phrase the global village. His idea was that individuals everywhere would share information. Today, this seems very simple; in the 1960s, it seemed virtually impossible. As the digital revolution advanced, technologies such as the Internet were introduced in the 1970s and 1980s during the early days. Military and educational institutions utilized the earlier versions of the Internet. Between 1994 and 1999, society embraced Internet and other digital technologies – to the point of saturation and over-valued stock prices created a dot-com bubble that burst around 1999. Since the development of smart phones, high-speed Internet technologies and other new digital media technologies, there has been a resurgence of digital media since around 2002.
  11. Question is designed to help students think through innovator, early adopter, early majority, late majority and laggards in terms of the adoption curve
  12. For someone who works in the media, the function of the mass media are: informing the audience through news and information; influencing the audience through editorials and commentaries; entertaining the audience by providing comedy, drama, fact and fiction; and, providing an economic market through advertising to foster valuable exchanges.
  13. Media economist Robert Picard suggested that the impact of media on the global level is best considered in terms of “relative exportability.” Based primarily on revenues generated, there are few media products that are global in scale. In general, most newspapers and radio programming are localized and most of the revenue generated are local in nature. At the same time, movies, music and television products are truly global with far-reaching implications.