Passion flower called as Krishna Kamal

1. CNS - depressant plant
Passiflora incarnata Linn.
----Pharmacological study

2. Presented by
Dr. Sudhakar Kokate
Director PPRC, India

4. Historical background
PPRC/INDIA 01

5. ₪ The discovery of several thousand
years old seeds from the
archaeological sites at Virginia and
North America provide evidence of
plant use by the oriental people
₪ 1569 Spanish researcher Monardus
showed its use for the first time
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6. ₪ Extensively used as traditional
medicine in many countries
₪ In Brazil it is used as anxiolytic,
sedative, diuretic, analgesic
₪ In Britain – 17th century it was used
as sedative, anxiolytic
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7. PPRC/INDIA 04
P. incarnata vine

8. ₪ In West Indies, Mexico, Netherlands,
South America the root is used as
sedative and vermifuge
₪ In Italy it is used as anti-spasmodic
sedative
₪ In Mauritius as a remedy in insomnia,
roots as diuretic
PPRC/INDIA 05

9. ₪ In Argentine as anti-microbial agent
in catarrh & pneumonia
₪ In South America as a sedative,
diuretic, anti-diarrhoeal, stimulant,
tonic and anthelmintic
₪ In Madeire fruit is regarded as a
digestive stimulant
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10. PPRC/INDIA 07
P. incarnata leaf

11. ₪ In Nagaland it is used for treatment
in dysentery and hypertension
₪ In La Reunion it is used in hysteria
₪ In Brazil it is used as treatment in
skin diseases, erysipelas
₪ In Germany it is used to treat
epilepsy
PPRC/INDIA 08

12. ₪ Plant is used in spasmodic disorders
and insomnia of infants and old
₪ In North America it is used as a
homeopathic medicine for insomnia
and anxiety
₪ Since ancient time Passiflora is used
as medicine all over the world
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14. Phyto-constituents
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15. Flavonoids:
∞Apigenin
∞Luteolin
∞Quercetin
∞Kaempferol
∞6-β-D allopyranosyl-8 β xylopyr-
anosyl-apigenin
∞C-glycosyl flavonoids vitexin
PPRC/INDIA 12

16. Iso-vitexin:
∞Orientin
∞Iso-orientin
∞Schaftoside
∞Iso-schaftoside
∞Isovitexin 2”-o-glycopyranoside
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17. PPRC/INDIA 14
P. incarnata fruit

18. Alkaloids:
∞β – carboline alkaloids
∞0.012 % harman
∞0.007 % harmine
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19. Misc. constituents:
∞V-benzo-pyrone derivative mattol
carbohydrates essential oil
∞Limonene
∞Lumene
∞α – pinene
∞Prezizaene
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20. Misc. constituents:
∞Zizaene
∞Zizanene
∞Amino acids 21
∞Cyanogenic glycoside gynocardin
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22. Pharmacological studies
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23. Ӿ Several groups of researchers earlier
have shown exhaustive biological
activity
Ӿ Reported CNS depressant effects
Ӿ Induced sleep, inhibit convulsions and
hyperactivity
Ӿ Several studies on mice carried out
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24. Ӿ These studies confirmed CNS
depressant activity but exact mode of
action is not understood
Ӿ Methanol extract of leaves of P.
incarnata reported to exhibit
significant increase in Pentobarbitol
(25 mg/kg iP) induced increase in
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26. time at a dose of 200 mg/kg of the
extract
Ӿ Methanol extract of leaves at a dose
of 50, 100, 200 mg/kg using 7 day
treatment regimen – significant
prevention of dyspnoea related
convulsions (at 100 mg/kg dose)
PPRC/INDIA 23

27. Ӿ Anti-tussive activity against SO2
induced cough in animals by plant
extract
Ӿ Methanol extract of leaves showed
aphrodisiac effects in mice
Ӿ P. incarnata prevents chemotherapy
induced nausea & vomiting
PPRC/INDIA 24

28. PPRC/INDIA 25
P. incarnata roots

29. Ӿ Cannabinoids increase appetite in an
AIDS patient can be made more
efficacious by addition of P. incarnata
Ӿ Extracts help in patients suffering
from anxiety, insomnia and other
allied CNS ailments
PPRC/INDIA 26

30. Thank you!!
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