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Introduction to Civil engineering drawing
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- 4. Different Drawings Line sketch Plan,section &elevation Site plan Service plan
- 5. Line Sketch • Thefirst sketch drawn • Line representation of building • Free hand drawing • Drawn in presence of clients
- 6. Plan, Section &Elevation
- 7. Site plan A siteplan is a top view, bird’s eye view of a property that is drawn to scale. A site plan can show Property lines Outline of existing and proposed buildings and structures Distance between buildings Distance between buildings and property lines (setbacks) Parking lots, indicating parking spaces Driveways & acces Surrounding streets & widths Landscaped areas Easements Ground sign location Utilities
- 9. Plan, Section &Elevation
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- 13. Reinforced Cement Concrete PlainCement Concrete Brick Masonry Earth Fill HATCHINGS
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- 15. PRINCIPLES OF BUILDINGPLANNING • Architect prepares design of a building with the help of the following principles of planning. – Aspect – Prospect – Privacy – Roominess – Grouping – Circulation – Furniture requirement – Flexibility – Sanitation – Elegance – Economy
- 16. 1. ASPECT SUN RAYSADMITTED INTO KITCHEN ASPECT – EAST SIDE EAST SIDE KITCHEN Disposition of doors and windows in the external walls – occupants can enjoy the gifts of the nature viz; sun-shine, breeze, view of landscape etc.
- 17. 2. PROSPECT OUTSIDE GREENEARY CANNOTBE SEEN FROM INSIDE, HENCE NO PROSPECT FLOWER BED WINDOW AT HIGHER LEVEL OUTSIDE VIEW SEEN FROM INSIDE OF THE ROOM
- 18. PROSPECT CONTD… OUTSIDE GOOD SCENES,GREENARY CAN BE SEEN BY SITTING INSIDE THE ROOM, HENCE GOOD PROSPECT WINDOW TAKEN TO LOWER LEVEL FLOWER BED
- 19. 3. PRIVACY Types ofprivacy: (1) Privacy of all parts of building with reference to surrounding buildings, roads etc. This type of privacy can be achieved by-- – Growing plants, trees etc – Providing high windows with respect to roads, grounds etc. (2) privacy of one room from another room: This type of privacy can be achieved by— – Carefully positioning of doors & windows Exposure of the interior space / room to the visitors vision
- 20. Privacy depends onplacement of doors /window openings OBSERVER NO PRIVACY MODERATE PRIVACY OBSERVER MAX PRIVACY OBSERVER
- 21. 4. ROOMINESS 1. Gettingmaximum benefit from minimum dimensions or space of room 2. Rectangular shaped room gives feeling of more space than square shaped room for the same area LESS AREA AVAILABLE MORE AREA AVAILABLE
- 22. 5. GROUPING Arrangement ofvarious rooms in relation with their functions KIT LIVING DIN BED STAIR S. B. KIT LIVING BED DIN STAIR S. B. GOOD GROUPING IMPROPER GROUPING
- 23. 6. CIRCULATION 1. Horizontalcirculation – passages, corridors, verandahs etc. 2. Vertical circulation – stairs, lifts, escalators etc. BAD CIRCULATION GOOD CIRCULATION DOOR DOOR DOOR HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION DOOR
- 25. 6. CIRCULATION CONTD… VERTICALCIRCULATION STUDY KIT BED VER LIV STUDY KIT BED VER LIV BAD CIRCULATION WITH OUTSIDE STAIR GOOD CIRCULATION WITH STAIR INSIDE N
- 26. 7. FURNITURE REQUIREMENT •Function of the Room decides the Furniture requirement of that room – Living hall – sofa set, teapoy, tv case, showcase, etc. – Bed – single, double beds, dressing table, almirah etc. – Dining – dinning table, chairs, cupboards etc. • Knowing type of furniture the dimensions of the room can be arrived at.
- 30. 8. FLEXIBILITY To facilitateaccommodation of changes in the plan of the building in future if necessary ROOM 1 ROOM 2BIG HALL
- 31. 9. SANITATION • LIGHTING –NATURAL LIGHTING – ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING • VENTILATION – NATURAL VENTILATION – ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION • CLEANLINESS • SANITARY PROVISIONS – BATHS-ROOMS – WATER CLOSETS – LATRINES
- 32. 10. ELEGENCE • ELEGANCEMEANS THE AESHTETIC VIEW OF THE BUILDING OR THE BEAUTY OF THE BUILDING • ELEGANCE OF THE BUILDING CAN BE ACHIEVED BY – INCREASING THE PLINTH HEIGHT OF BUILDINGS – TREATMENT OF EXTERIOR OF BUILDING – SLOPING ROOF, PROJECTIONS ETC.
- 36. 11. ECONOMY • MINIMUMDIMENSIONS OF THE ROOM, DOORS, WINDOWS, • SIMPLE DESIGN OF WINDOWS, • PROVIDING MINIMUM HEIGHT OF BUILDING • AVOIDING PORCHES, LOBBIES ETC
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- 38. Contents of KMBR (Kerala Municipality Building Rule) Chapter 1: Definitions Chapter 2: Permit Chapter 3: Actions against unauthorized constructions Chapter 4: General provision regarding site and building requirements Chapter 5: Occupancy Chapter 6: Parts of buildings Chapter 7: Special provisions for certain occupancy building Chapter 8: Buildings in small plots Chapter 9: Row building Chapter 10: Building construction under approved scheme Chapter 11: Construction in plots part which have been surrendered for . road development Chapter 12: Accessory buildings and sheds Chapter 13: Conversion of roofs and shutters Chapter 14: Wall & Fence
- 39. Contents of KMBR….cntd •Chapter 15: Special provision for certain constructions • Chapter 16: Wells • Chapter 16A:Rain water harvesting • Chapter 17: Safety provision for high rise building • Chapter 18: Huts • Chapter 19: Telecommunication towers • Chapter 20: Regulation of unpermitted construction & deviations • Chapter 21: Registration of architects, building designers, engineers, . town planners, supervisors… etc. • Chapter 22: Art & Heritage commission • Chapter 23: Vigilance, dangerous, and defective work, appeal, etc.
- 40. • Setbacks • acces •Room sizes • Number of amenities • Specification for structures(stair…etc)
- 41. • Setbacks • acces •Room sizes • Number of amenities • Specification for structures(stair…etc)
- 42. • Setbacks • acces •Room sizes • Number of amenities • Specification for structures(stair…etc)
- 43. • Setbacks • acces •Room sizes • Number of amenities • Specification for structures(stair…etc)
- 45. Sloped Roof How todraw roofline of sloped roof in plan
- 59. Can you trythis now?
- 66. Stair-room design Room height(3m) Slabthick(0.2m) Total ht(3.2m)
- 67. Staircase design…. • Assumea height for rise (say .134m) • Find number of rise required, no. of rise = 3.2/.134 = 23.88 ~ 24 • Number of treads= (no. of rise in one flight – 1) • Select staircase best suit to the conditions
- 68. Dog legged stair 0.30m 3.3 m 1.0 m 1.2 m 1.2 m0.3m 2.7 m 4.3 m 0.30 m0.30 m0.30 m0.30 m0.30 m Stair room 2.7m X 4.3m
- 69. • Perspective view •Which is good to know the beauty of a structures
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