1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Centro de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos N.5
¨Benito Juárez¨
QUIMICA II
Integrantes:
-Benítez Méndez Lucero Anahí
-Barajas Hernández Karol
-Bonilla Arellano Ricardo Jair
-Cabello Sánchez Acxel
-Castro Arreola Carlos Andrés
-Cortez Morales Soemy Maite
-Chávez Barrera Richard
Profesor: Vicente Samano Trejo
Grupo:4IM4
5. • The aliphatic hydrocarbons are organic
compounds consisting of carbon and hydrogen,
in which carbon atoms form open chains.
• Aliphatic hydrocarbons open chain they’re
classified into alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.
• The first those who represent only single bonds
between carbon atoms, while the alkenes and
alkynes present doble and triple bonds,
respectively, when the aliphatic chain closes
forming a ring it calls alicyclic hydrocarbon,
aliphatic hydrocarbon cyclic or alkane cycle.
6.
7. • Alkanes are hydrocarbons, having only carbon and
hydrogen.
• The general formula for aliphatic alkanes is CnH2n + 21
and alkanes cycle is CnH2n 2 also are called saturated
hydrocarbons.
• Lack of functional groups of such as carbonyl (-CO),
carboxil (COOH), amide (CON), etc.
8.
9.
10. Alkanes CnH2n+2
• Carbon- Carbon single bonds:
• Saturated hydrocarbons ; only C-C and C-H bonds
• Alkane: a saturated hydrocarbon whose carbons are
arranged in a chain. Saturated hydrocarbon: only single
bonds.
• They are named systematically with a prefix indicating
the number of carbon atoms per molecule and the
ending “ ane”
14. Alkanes cycle
• alkanes cycle. Cyclic alkanes or alkane cycle are , as the name
suggests, cyclic hydrocarbon chain alkanes . In them the C / H is
CnH2n . Their physical characteristics are similar to those of non-
cyclic alkanes , but their chemical characteristics differ significantly ,
particularly those of shorter chain , which are more akin to those of
alkynes properties.
15. Traditional names
• Traditional names as occurs with other organic
compounds , some alkenes are still adj unsystematic
known by their names , in which case the termination -
ene Systematics -ileno is replaced , such as ethene is
sometimes called ethylene, propene or propylene .
16. An alkene is an alkane which has
lost two hydrogen atoms yielding a
double bond between two carbons.
Cyclic alkenes are called
cycloalkenes
Alkenes are unsaturated
hydrocarbons having one
or more carbon-carbon
double bonds in its
molecule.
17. Alkynes
• Are identified as organic chemical compounds that have
triple bonds in their chemical structure.
• An alkynes hydrocarbons
18. v
• The chemical compounds that have triple and double
bonds are unsaturated which it means that it has the
power of dissolve still more of a substance