In this presentation I will try to uphold about my 3 month’s practicum period experience of the construction work of a six storied residential building on super structural parts. Superstructure is building parts located above the ground level such as column, beam, floor, wall and roof. Here I have focused on mainly Beam, Slab, Stair and Column construction process and also the problems I have faced & my contribution to solve those.

1. Md. Shariful Haque Robin
ID# 12206049
Program: BSCE
IUBAT – International University of Business Agriculture and
Technology
Super-Structural Construction Work of a Six
Storied Residential Building.

2. Aim
The aim of my presentation is to briefly discuss about the
building super-structural construction process & management
function.
223-Dec-15

3. Contents to be Covered
 Introduction
 Objectives
 Company profile and my project details
 Construction materials & equipment's
 Construction process of beam, slab, stair & column
 Problems & solution
 Overall benefits of the internship
 Conclusion and recommendation
323-Dec-15

4. Introduction
In this presentation I will try to uphold about my 3 month’s
practicum period experience of the construction work of a six
storied residential building on super structural parts.
Superstructure is building parts located above the ground
level such as column, beam, floor, wall and roof.
Here I have focused on mainly Beam, Slab, Stair and Column
construction process and also the problems I have faced & my
contribution to solve those.
423-Dec-15

5. Objectives
 To improve practical skill
 To upgrade the theoretical knowledge
 To supervise the construction work.
 To understand the design specification.
 To learn to solve the rising problems and unexpected
events.
523-Dec-15

6. Company Profile
Company
Name
Fervent Architects & Engineers Ltd.
(Company Logo)
Company
Type
Limited (by shares.)
License Type Consultancy (First class contractor)
Address Suite# A3,House# 35,Road# 14,Sector# 13,Uttara, Dhaka-1230
Phone +880 2-7913544
Email fervent_architects@yahoo.com
Website www.ferventbd.com
6
23-Dec-15

7. Company Organogram
723-Dec-15

8. About My Project
8
Project Type On going
Project
Category
Residential
Name of Project Rafizuddin
Address Plot no: 52, Road no:
14, Sector: 14, Uttara
Model Town
Land Area 03 Khatha
Size of Land 2160 sft
No of Storey Ground Floor + 5
Floors
Fig 1: 3D view of Rafizuddin
23-Dec-15

9. Typical Floor Plan (2nd to 5th Floor)
923-Dec-15

10.  Coarse Aggregate: Stone & Bricks chips (3/4" down and well
graded )
 Fine aggregate: Local & Sylhet Sand (FM 2.5)
10
Construction Materials
Fig 2: Bricks chips Fig 3: Stone chips
Fig 4: Local sand Fig 5: Sylhet sand
23-Dec-15

11. Construction Materials (continued)
 Cement: Supercrete
 Reinforcement: KSRM (500W, 72.5 Grade)
11
Fig 6: Supercrete Cement Fig 7: KSRM Reinforcement
23-Dec-15

12. Main Equipments
12
Fig 8: Concrete mixer machine Fig 9: Vibrator machine
23-Dec-15

13. Main Equipments (continued)
13
Fig 10: Crane Fig 11: Bar cutter
23-Dec-15

14. Construction Works
I have observed the following constructions process:
 Beam construction.
 Slab construction.
 Stair construction.
 Column construction.
1423-Dec-15

15. The following works are followed at the time of floor beam
and slab construction:
Shuttering
Reinforcement bar placing
Centering
Casting
Curing
15
Construction of Beam and Slab
23-Dec-15

16. 16
Fig 14: Props for supporting
Fig 15: Runner
Shuttering of Beam and Slab
Fig 12: Placed bottom & side shutter Fig 13: Joining side shutter
23-Dec-15

17. Shuttering of Beam and Slab (Continued)
17
Fig 11: Shuttering work of slab before and after placing steel sheet
23-Dec-15

18. Fig 16: Beam Layout
From figure, this green marking beam (Beam-2) width and
depth, I checked after beam shuttering.
18
Shuttering of Beam and Slab (Continued)
23-Dec-15

19. I checked the beam-2 width and depth. it was 10 width andʺ
13 depth.ʺ
19
(a) (b)
Fig 17: Checking (a) width and (b) depth of beam-2 Shutter.
Shuttering of Beam and Slab (Continued)
23-Dec-15

20. Centering of Beam and Slab
20
Fig 18: Centering
23-Dec-15

21. Reinforcement Placement of Beam
Mainly five type of bar using for beam, they are:
Top Bar
Bottom Bar
Extra Top Bar
Extra Bottom Bar
Stirrup
2123-Dec-15

22. 22
Fig 19: Placing beam reinforcement (Beam-1)
Fig 20: Stirrup binding of beam (Beam-1)
Reinforcement Placement of Beam
(Continued)
23-Dec-15

23. I Checked stirrup spacing and lapping distance of beam-2, In
figure , it is showed by green marking.
23
Fig 21: Floor beam layout
Reinforcement Placement of Beam
(Continued)
23-Dec-15

24. Reinforcement Placement of Beam
(Continued)
For beam-2 constriction:
3-16mmΦ bar in top
3-20mmΦ bar in bottom
2-20mmΦ extra bars in bottom
3-16mmΦ extra bars in top
For stirrup 10mmΦ bar
24
Fig 22: Floor beam-2 section
Fig 23: Beam-2 reinforcements arrangement
23-Dec-15

25.  (L/4) both side stirrups were arranged 5 c/cʺ
 (L/2) stirrups were arranged 7 c/c.ʺ
 Lapping length 31 .ʺ
25
Fig 24: Checking stirrup spacing at
end section of beam-2
Fig 25: Checking lapping distance
of beam-2
Reinforcement Placement of Beam
(Continued)
23-Dec-15

26. Reinforcement Placement of Slab
26
Fig 26: Placing Slab Reinforcement in
long and short direction
Fig 27: Placing Crank, extra top &
bottom Reinforcement in slab
23-Dec-15

27. Reinforcement Placement of Slab
(Continued)
Where I checked slab bar spacing, lapping length and clear
distances, which I have showed in figure by red marking line.
27
Fig 28: Slab Layout Plan
23-Dec-15

28. Reinforcement bar spacing given
6 c/c in short directionʺ
5 c/c in long directionʺ
From supports L/4 distance given extra top
28
Fig 29: Reinforcement bar spacing
checking in Slab
Fig 30: Checking the extra top bar
length
Reinforcement Placement of Slab
(Continued)
23-Dec-15

29. Casting of Beam and Slab
After finishing binding all reinforcement, it was time for
casting. Slab, beam and stair were casting at a time. In my site
was used cement, sand and bricks chips ratio ware 1:1.5:3.
2923-Dec-15

30. Casting of Beam and Slab (Continued)
30
Fig 31: concrete mixing in
mixture machine
Fig 32: using crane for
pulling up the concrete
Fig 33: Beam casting
Fig 34: During slab casting,
using vibrator & Steel runner.23-Dec-15

31. Curing of Beam and Slab
31
Fig 35: Curing of beam by moist jute fabric
Fig 36: Making border for pond Fig 37: Curing of slab by ponding of water
23-Dec-15

32. Construction of Stair
The following works are followed at the time of stair
construction:
 Shuttering of stair
 Reinforcement bar placing
 Shuttering of treads and risers
 Casting of stair
 Curing of stair
3223-Dec-15

33. Shuttering of Stair
33
Fig 38: shuttering of Stair
23-Dec-15

34. Reinforcement Bars Placing
34
Fig 39: Reinforcement bar arrangement in stair Fig 40: Reinforcement bar placed in
stair
2
1
3
23-Dec-15

35. Shuttering of Treads and Risers
After placing all reinforcements, they placed wooden planks
for making treads and risers.
35
Fig 41: Checking tread width Fig 42: checking riser height
23-Dec-15

36. Casting & Curing of Stair
36
Fig 43: Using vibrator during stair casting Fig 44: Curing of stair by moist jute fabric
23-Dec-15

37. Column Construction
The following works are followed at the time of column
construction:
Kicker making
Reinforcement bar placing
Shuttering
Casting
Curing
3723-Dec-15

38. In my Presentation, I show the construction of column-2 (C2)
which I have showed in figure by red marking.
38
Fig 45: Column layout
Column Construction (Continued)
23-Dec-15

39. Kicker Making
39
Fig 46: Column kicker
formwork
Fig 47: Checking kicker clear
cover distances Fig 48: Checking kicker height
23-Dec-15

40. Column Kicker Casting
In case of column kicker casting they maintained the mixing
ratio about 1:1.5:3.
40
Fig 49: After kicker casting of column-2
23-Dec-15

41. Reinforcement Placements of Column
41
Fig 50: Reinforcement Placements of Column-2 according to design
23-Dec-15

42. 42
Fig 51: Tie bar spacing checking
in column-2 end section
Fig 52: Checking lapping length
Reinforcement Placements of Column
23-Dec-15

43. Shuttering & Casting
43
Fig 53: Column-2 shuttering Fig 54: Column-2 casting
23-Dec-15

44. Column Curing
44
Fig 55: wrapping column with jute fabric for Curing
23-Dec-15

45. Problems and Solution
Problem 1: In accordance with the design sheet Beam-6 width was given
as 10 but they used only 5 width in order to save some floor spaces.ʺ ʺ
Measures Taken: In order to compensate with the change they used
20mmΦ bar though it was given as 16mmΦ in the drawing.
45
Fig 56: Beam 6 size in design, Beam 6 size in reality
23-Dec-15

46. Problem 2: In the crossing section of Beam-2 and Beam-5, they provided
lapping for top reinforcement bar in Beam-2. It may cause danger for the
structure.
Measures Taken: They provided extra two 16mmΦ reinforcement below
the top bar.
46
Figure 57: Two beam crossing point
23-Dec-15

47. Problem 3: Due to unavailability of steel sheet, they did not provide steel
sheet in this area of slab.
Measures Taken : They used plastic fabric supported by wooden plate for
this area to be covered.
47
Fig 58: Without steel sheet slab area shuttering
23-Dec-15

48. Problem 4: In column-3 they did not maintain 40D (31in for 16mm bar)
lapping length in accordance with the design. They give only 6in.
Solution: I discussed with our Project Engineer, then he ordered the foreman
to fix it.
48
Fig 59: Did not maintain lapping length as per design
23-Dec-15

49. Problem 5: In column-3 as per design this main bar will be of 16mmΦ but
they had used a bar of 20mmΦ.
Solution: I informed our Project Engineer about the problem. Later on he
solved the case by ordering the foreman
23-Dec-15 49
Fig 60: Did not maintain reinforcement placement as per design

50. Challenges I have Faced
 Shortage knowledge of working drawings like structural,
architectural, sanitary, electrical and some other details.
 Shortage of knowledge in some portion of the work at the
site.
 Unsatisfactory answers for questions from engineers.
 Unavailable safety facility.
5023-Dec-15

51. Overall Benefits of the Internship
 Improving practical skill
 Upgrading the theoretical knowledge
 Upgrading interpersonal communication skill
 Improving team playing skill
 Improving leadership skill
5123-Dec-15

52. Recommendation to the Company
 Testing of material is needed before use in construction.
 It is better to use steel formwork than wood formwork as it
is very repetitively used, stiff and not flammable easily and
removed easily without damaging the concrete structure.
 For avoiding segregation of concrete column should cast by
half-half of its length in each floor.
 Every construction worker should have maintained their
Safety and security properly.
5223-Dec-15

53. Conclusions
I have supervised beam, slab, stair & column construction
work. After supervising my construction site, I have learned
about beam, slab, stair & column construction and achieved
practical experience. It seems to me that the practical
knowledge is the most essential to be an efficient engineer.
Overall the internship program laid sound foundation for us
to start our career.
5323-Dec-15

54. Thanks To All
5423-Dec-15

55. Any Question?
5523-Dec-15